MEMS层叠式毫米波天线设计

为了提高天线带宽,改善天线性能,提出并设计了一种基于微机械工艺的层叠式口径耦合毫米波天线,该天线中心频点为35 GHz,利用有限宽地共面波导-微带(FGCPW-MS)进行馈电.分析天线结构中的几个关键参数对天线带宽性能的影响,利用HFSS三维电磁场仿真软件进行天线模型仿真.结果表明,该天线带宽为11.8%,增益为7.8 dB,天线辐射效率为71%.与传统微带天线相比,该天线在带宽、增益等方面均到改善,且易与其他有源元件进一步集成.     

类Minkowski分形天线的分析与设计

为了实现一款天线在ISM2.4G(2.4～2.483 5 GHz)、Bluetooth、GPS、WLAN(2.4～2.48 GHz)等多频段同时工作,设计了基于分形理论的类Minkowski分形微带天线,方案中对原有的Minkowski分形结构和接地板进行改进。通过仿真分析与优化设计使得天线尺寸缩减至90 mm×71 mm×1.6 mm,谐振频率为2 GHz,工作在0.93 GHz～3.02 GHz频段,相对带宽为105.82%,最大增益可达1.89 dB。最终天线能够进行良好的阻抗匹配,对天线带宽进行展宽,达到了超宽频带天线的要求。     

第五代移动通信系统三重复合分形天线设计

针对第五代移动通信系统对天线的性能要求,将谢尔宾斯基分形结构、康托尔分形结构、分形折线雪花结构相融合,设计了一款三重复合分形天线,对天线性能进行了仿真分析,制作了天线样品并对其进行了测试。仿真和测试结果表明,该款天线回波损耗最小值为-21.84 d B,绝对工作带宽达到2.047 GHz,相对工作带宽达到48.51%,天线具有全向辐射特性。利用渐变介电常数介质基板设计了改进型天线结构,有效地展宽了天线的工作频段。该款天线能够完全覆盖第五代移动通信的三个候选频段,具有尺寸小、回波损耗低、工作带宽大等优点,在第五代移动通信系统中具有广阔的应用前景。     

一种共面波导馈电的分形缝隙宽带天线

结合共面波导馈电和分形天线的优点,设计了一种共面波导馈电的正六边形分形缝隙天线。选择正六边形分形缝隙结构,采用渐变的共面波导馈电,不仅拓宽了阻抗带宽,而且实现了天线的小型化。通过计算测量,对天线的阻抗特性、增益和方向图进行了研究。实验表明,此分形缝隙天线的阻抗带宽达到89%,并且在整个工作频段内具有良好的辐射方向特性。     

一种高增益宽频带圆极化微带阵列天线的研制

针对微带天线阻抗匹配带宽一般较窄的自身缺陷,基于相控阵雷达天线的应用背景,设计了一种工作在X波段的双层圆极化微带天线结构,且优化发现,其各电磁参数良好。为提高其增益,还在此基础上设计并最终制作了双层2×2结构的微带天线阵列,其实测性能与设计值相符,增益达到10.7dB,带宽1.2GHz,相应轴比为4dB,符合圆极化要求。     

一种宽频带双圆极化微带天线阵列设计

为支撑海量数据传输与宽带无线通信系统需求,提出了一款宽频带双圆极化微带天线。采用微带天线作为基本辐射单元,基于层叠寄生贴片方式与加载空气腔方法展宽天线工作带宽并提高增益值,利用电容加载的三分支线定向耦合器对天线单元进行馈电进一步展宽天线带宽,并实现双圆极化辐射特性。单元电性能仿真结果良好,阻抗与轴比相对带宽达27.9%,峰值增益达到5.6dBi。基于辐射单元进行4×4阵列组合,所设计阵列天线阻抗带宽覆盖7.2 ~ 9.4 GHz,同一单元不同极化与不同单元间端口间隔离度均 ≥ 15 dB,轴比在通带内均 ≤ 3 dB,方向图仿真与测试结果吻合良好,验证了设计方案的正确性。     

一种微带天线RCS减缩方法研究

针对微带天线辐射性能提高和RCS减缩这一矛盾,寻求一种对辐射性能影响较小的微带天线RCS减缩新方案.分析了几种RCS减缩方法对微带天线辐射性能及其散射特性的影响,给出了一种综合利用微带贴片上缝隙加载、短路针加载及接地板开缝的微带天线RCS减缩新方法.实现了在天线的工作频率保持不变,增益、带宽损失很小的情况下.微带天线RCS在较宽的频带内得到较大幅度的减缩.仿真实验表明该综合方法是一种较好RCS减缩方法,对微带天线隐身技术有重要的借鉴作用.     

一种基于分形结构的超宽带天线研究

基于微带天线和分形天线的基本理论,采用正方形和圆形交替的方法设计了用于超宽带（UWB）通信的分形天线。利用电磁仿真软件CST软件对所设计的天线进行仿真、优化,并分析了影响天线阻抗特性和辐射特性的关键参数。从仿真实验结果可以看出,所设计的天线有较好的全向辐射特性和宽的阻抗带宽,能够满足超宽带通信需求。     

L/C双频共口面微带天线阵列设计研究

介绍了一种新的双频共口面微带天线阵列的设计.天线工作在L波段和C渡段,采用共口面结构实现复合双频工作,适用于机载合成孔径雷达.L波段(1.275GHz)采用带扇形头的微带线耦合馈电的蝶形缝隙天线,达到10%的阻抗带宽.C波段(5.3GHz)采用缝隙耦合馈电的矩形贴片天线,4×4阵列仿真带宽达到6%左右.此高低波段单元结构组合形式可以实现高频比,且在物理结构上没有相互遮挡.用Ansoft Hfss和Cst对设计进行了对比仿真优化,得到了较好的双频辐射特性.     

三频段高稳定辐射分裂生长式分形微带天线

针对移动通信及射频识别等多应用频段覆盖的需求,提出一种新型分裂生长式分形结构,利用π型四边形雪花结构进行分裂生长式迭代算法,实现了高度集成的等效复合辐射边,研制了一款分裂生长式分形微带天线,能够同时覆盖移动通信的900 MHz频段、1.9 GHz频段和射频识别的2.45 GHz频段,3个工作频带的回波损耗最小值都低于-20 d B,工作带宽都大于0.2 GHz,天线在3个工作频段都具有高稳定辐射特性。该天线成功实现了移动通信系统和射频识别多体系兼容,有望用于通信及远程身份识别及支付体系。     

一种具有宽带双极化低散射特征的微带阵列天线

针对阵列天线宽带散射缩减设计进行研究,设计了一种基于无源对消技术的低散射阵列天线,该新型微带阵列天线在宽频带内具有双极化低雷达散射截面（RCS, Radar Cross Section）性能;对基于两种散射性能不同的单元组成阵列的RCS性能进行了理论研究,进行了单元的散射幅度和相位对阵列RCS的影响分析;提出了一种加载T型缝隙的新型微带天线结构,该单元结构的辐射性能与散射性能能够进行独立调控和综合优化,该单元与传统微带贴片单元具有相似的辐射特性,并可在宽频带（带内和带外）内与传统微带单元产生有效相位差;将传统微带单元和加载T型缝隙的新型微带单元组成4×4阵列天线,仿真结果表明,提出的阵列天线在3GHz～7GHz（相对带宽80%）频带内实现了同极化RCS缩减,在3.3GHz～7GHz（相对带宽71.8%）频带内实现了交叉极化RCS缩减,缩减峰值分别为16.3dB和36.3dB,带内RCS缩减均值分别为14.1dB 和17.6dB;与传统微带阵列天线相比,提出的阵列天线增益下降小于0.1dB;提出的微带阵列天线具有高效率辐射和宽频带双极化低散射性能,为低散射阵列天线设计提供了新的思路。     

A wideband circularly polarized antenna array with sequential rotation feed

A novel wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna array is designed, which consists of a horizontally placed wideband phase shifting feed network and four vertically placed linearly polarized dipole antenna elements, and the circular polarization is realized based on sequential rotation feeding technology. By placing two parasitic strips and two grounding strips on the top and side of each T‐shaped dipole antenna element, the impedance bandwidth and circular polarization performance of the antenna can be further improved. The simulation results show that the 10‐dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 93% (1.56‐4.27 GHz) and the 3‐dB AR bandwidth is 80.7% (1.7‐4.0 GHz). The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results. Due to the use of orthogonally placed wideband feed network and wideband array elements, the proposed antenna array has a wider circular polarization bandwidth than the similar antenna arrays reported.     

基于超材料的低剖面宽带双极化天线设计

设计了一种基于超材料的低剖面宽带双极化天线。该天线采用复合左右手结构（CRLH）作为辐射单元,利用其色散曲线的非线性特点,实现两种模式谐振点的融合,拓展带宽;同时采用不连通的十字形缝隙改善异极化隔离与交叉极化。论述了宽带低剖面线极化天线、水平/垂直双极化天线、±45°双极化天线的设计方法,并给出了HFSS的仿真结果,仿真结果表明：该天线具有低剖面、宽频带的特点,可用作大型天线阵的阵元。     

Novel double fractal patches structure Antenna‐in‐Package based on LTCC technology for 2.4 GHz applications

A novel Antenna‐in‐Package with small size and low profile is designed based on Low Temperature Co‐fired Ceramic technology. In order to realize miniaturization and broadband in antenna part, a novel structure using double fractal antennas and air cavities is applied. A packaging cavity is designed for integrated with usable components and IC chips. The antenna operates at a center frequency of 2.4 GHz and the bandwidth is about 200 MHz. Its maximum gain is 5.6 dBi, and radiation efficiency is above 90% across the frequency passband. By adjusting the dimension parameters, a tradeoff between height and area can be made with its performance parameters constant, therefore the proposed Antenna‐in‐Package can easily adapt to different processes and performance.     

Mutual coupling reduction by SIW ZOR elements on broadside high gain CP beam steering array

In this article, a new circularly polarized (CP) beam steering array antenna based on substrate‐integrated‐waveguide (SIW) is proposed for mm‐wave applications. To generate a wider half power beamwidth (HPBW) and reduce mutual coupling effect a radiation element relying on zeroth order resonance (ZOR) technique has been used which has a treatment such as electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure to have a specific structure. The antenna element can operate in a bandwidth from 33.82 to 36.37 GHz and AR bandwidth from 34.32 to 35.94 GHz. Besides, the propose element has a HPBW wider than 103°, and a maximum gain of antenna is of 9.2 dBic. A 4 × 4 Butler matrix feed network based on SIW feeding technique is then designed. This feed network includes novel techniques in designing cross‐over and broadband phase shifter. The synthesis of proposed Butler matrix and ZOR elements lead to a four‐beam array antenna with circular polarization can cover a beam switching angles range more than 44° with a gain of 17.6 dBic.     

RF MEMS Sequentially Reconfigurable Sierpinski Antenna on a Flexible Organic Substrate With Novel DC-Biasing Technique

Devices and systems that use RF microelectromechanical systems (RF MEMS) switching elements typically use one switch topology. The switch is designed to meet all of the performance criteria. However, this can be limiting for highly dynamic applications that require a great deal of reconfigurability. In this paper, three sets of RF MEMS switches with different actuation voltages are used to sequentially activate and deactivate parts of a multiband Sierpinski fractal antenna. The implementation of such a concept allows for direct actuation of the electrostatic MEMS switches through the RF signal feed, therefore eliminating the need for individual switch dc bias lines. This reconfigurable antenna was fabricated on liquid crystal polymer substrate and operates at several different frequencies between 2.4 and 18 GHz while maintaining its radiation characteristics. It is the first integrated RF MEMS reconfigurable antenna on a flexible organic polymer substrate for multiband antenna applications. Simulation and measurement results are presented in this paper to validate the proposed concept.[2007-0013]     

A novel compact self‐similar fractal UWB MIMO antenna

A novel compact self‐similar fractal ultra‐wideband (UWB) multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna is presented. This fractal geometry is designed by using iterated function system (IFS). Self‐similar fractal geometry is used here to achieve miniaturization and wideband performance. The self‐similarity dimension of proposed fractal geometry is 1.79, which is a fractional dimension. The antenna consists of two novel self‐similar fractal monopole‐antenna elements and their metallic area is minimized by 29.68% at second iteration. A ground stub of T‐shape with vertical slot enhances isolation and impedance bandwidth of proposed MIMO antenna. This antenna has a compact dimension of 24 × 32 mm² and impedance bandwidth (S₁₁ < ?10 dB) of 9.4 GHz ranging from 3.1 to 12.5 GHz with an isolation better than 16 dB. The various diversity performance parameters are also determined. There is good agreement between measured and simulated results, which confirms that the proposed antenna is acceptable for UWB applications.     

A novel RF energy harvesting cube based on air dielectric antenna arrays

In this article, a new 2 × 2 circular microstrip antenna array with air dielectric layer for ambient RF energy harvesting has been proposed. Two pairs of arc‐shaped slots located close to the boundary of the circular microstrip patch have been designed for achieving dual‐band response and extending the frequency bandwidth. The antenna has a frequency bandwidth from 1.85 to 1.93 GHz and from 2.0 to 2.1 GHz which can cover GSM‐1800 and UMTS‐2100 bands. At the frequency of 1.89 and 2.05 GHz, the measured gain is 5.3 and 6.6 dBi, respectively, and high gain of 3.8‐9.3 dBi has been achieved over the whole band. Also, a broadband rectifier that can cover all the bandwidths of the antenna array is designed for the rectenna, which has the maximum rectifying efficiency of 53.6%. Finally, a cube device formed of four antenna and four rectifiers is designed to harvest RF energy, whose maximum output DC voltage is 2.3 V and the maximum output power is 4 mW that can drive four LEDs and an electronic watch.