Adeptflex—Supporting Dynamic Changes of Workflows Without Losing Control

Today's workflow management systems (WFMS_s) are only applicable in a secure and safe manner if the business process (BP) to be supported is well-structured and there is no need for ad hoc deviations at run-time. As only few BPs are static in this sense, this significantly limits the applicability of current workflow (WF) technology. On the other hand, to support dynamic deviations from premodeled task sequences must not mean that the responsibility for the avoidance of consistency problems and run-time errors is now completely shifted to the (naive) end user. In this paper we present a formal foundation for the support of dynamic structural changes of running WF instances. Based upon a formal WF model (ADEPT), we define a complete and minimal set of change operations (ADEPT_flex) that support users in modifying the structure of a running WF, while maintaining its (structural) correctness and consistency. The correctness properties defined by ADEPT are used to determine whether a specific change can be applied to a given WF instance or not. If these properties are violated, the change is either rejected or the correctness must be restored by handling the exceptions resulting from the change. We discuss basic issues with respect to the management of changes and the undoing of temporary changes at the instance level. Recently we have started the design and implementation of ADEPT_workflow, the ADEPT workflow engine, which will make use of the change facilities presented in this paper.     

基于CPN的工作流异常处理模型设计

工作流异常处理是工作流管理系统中的重要组成部分,但是它的实现既复杂又耗时。为了支持面向服务的工作流,层次化地描述异常处理,提出一种基于CPN的异常处理模型。在形式化描述工作流异常的基础上,采用补偿法作为异常处理方式,详细描述了处理结构中的异常监控、异常分析和补偿案例执行三个子过程。结合茶餐厅的运营模型的仿真实验证明了该模型可有效地分离工作流的异常处理逻辑和运行逻辑,并支持工作流管理系统的实施。     

基于补偿事务的业务流程异常处理建模研究

对补偿触发条件的判断会影响补偿的正确性,由于业务流程的活动之间具有补偿依赖关系,尤其是并发结构中的补偿依赖,使得流程开发人员在设计补偿流程时容易出错。分析了顺序、选择、并发等几种基本流程结构及其复合结构中的补偿依赖,给出了补偿活动触发条件计算方法和补偿事务的Petri网模型构造过程,并通过实例说明了方法的可行性。     

自动制造系统异常情况Petri网控制器的形式化设计方法

CIMS,FMS等自动制造系统的控制器一般由有序控制器和异常情况处理控制器两个部分组成.两者都可以用Petri网来实现.这里讨论用于异常情况处理的Petri网控制器的形式化设计方法,其基本思想是利用状态表作为异常情况处理的规格说明语言,然后将状态表形式化描述为MOORE自动机,最后给出构造与MOORE自动机行为等价的Petri网控制器的形式化设计方法.并且用一个实例说明其设计过程.该方法也适用于Petri网的自动建模.     

流程违例处理的行为及分析

业务流程运行期间,外部或运行环境中的某些属性与流程设计时所设定的条件不一致时,将导致流程运行时的违例,违例处理方法涉及流程运行时违例的发现和处理。首先介绍了流程的违例及其分类;基于流程违例处理模式,使用CCS偶图对流程工作项级、案例级违例处理以及相关补偿处理进行分析和表述;在违例处理策略讨论的基础上,总结了违例处理模式的基本形式,并通过CCS偶图的动态特征分析了违例处理的动态行为。     

基于随机对象Petri网的柔性制造系统性能分析

为了增强传统对象Petri网的定量分析能力,提出随机对象Petri网模型。该模型具备随机性和层次特性,获得与随机Petri网的等价关系,从宏观和微观2个层面对系统进行性能分析,并将该模型应用到柔性制造系统中。实验结果表明,该系统保留了面向对象的建模能力,具有较强的定量分析能力。     

Java虚拟机异常处理机制的设计与实现

异常处理机制是程序设计语言的重要特征之一,它为开发可靠性软件系统提供了强有力的支持,介绍了不同语言的异常处理机制,对Ｊａｖａ语言的异常处理机制进行了详细论述,最后结合国产开放系统平台ＣＯＳＩＸ虚拟机异常处理的设计,深入探讨了在解释才及时编译执行两种不同的情况下,异常处理设计与实现的关键技术。     

工作流异常处理技术与方法

首先介绍了工作流异常处理的体系结构,然后详细介绍了异常处理在流程建模中的描述方式和异常处理的四个基本方法：事务特性与程序设计结合法、知识库法、ECA规则法和工作流进化法。最后展望了工作流异常处理的未来发展方向。     

基于C#的异常处理及应用

C#提供了一种结构化异常处理方法,能处理程序运行时出现的任何意外或异常情况。该方法可使程序区分不同的错误类型,并做出不同的响应,使程序更高效、更健壮,更易于维护。     

调度问题的HPN模型研究

本文介绍了层次Ｐｅｔｒｉ网模型（ＨＰＮ）的概念。层次Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的特点在于它不仅可以在某一层次上模拟系统的局部行为，而且还可以通过一定的关联机制来表现系统的整体特性。本文还通过研究调度问题的ＨＰＮ模型，探讨了如何应用ＨＰＮ来分析调度问题，为进一步研究调试方法提供了基础。     

Tutorial and Survey Articles: An introduction to Petri Nets

This paper describes the fundamental concepts and characteristics of Petri nets (PNs) that make them a significant tool for modeling and analyzing asynchronous systems with concurrent and parallel activities and follows the extensions that improved the implementation capabilities of the original PNs.

Their first and most relevant extension was time modeling, a vital aspect of system performances not considered in the original version. There are several possibilities for introducing time in PNs. Among them, a technique that associates time with places is presented in some detail. As PNs tend to become cumbersome and time consuming when large and complex systems are involved, a method for decomposing timed PNs of open queuing networks is reviewed here.

Though initially developed as an information/computer-based technique, PNs were immediately adopted in a variety of application areas, such as manufacturing, design, planning and control. Viewed through a more recently developed programming perspective, the ordinary PNs became “high level” PNs suitable for defining different data types and for applying hierarchical approaches.

It is expected that the robust theoretical basis of this tool coupled with its visual and flexibility features will continue to appeal to researchers and practitioners alike in a variety of domains and as a result will continue to evolve and expand.     

Java语言的异常处理设计原则

异常处理是Java语言的重要语言机制,正确地处理异常对程序的可靠性、健壮性是十分重要的。回顾了异常处理技术的概念和思想,对异常处理提出了一套实用的设计原则,并针对Java语言的具体环境,分类介绍了各种异常的常用处理方式。     

Java异常处理机制研究

异常处理机制是程序设计语言的主要特征,它为开发稳定的软件系统提供了有力的支持.文章对Java语言的异常处理机制以及异常类的层次进行了详细介绍,提出了Java异常处理策略.     

A Light Workflow Management System Using Simple Process Models

Workflow management systems are considereda hot technology. Nevertheless, up to now they havenot had the diffusion other packages such asproductivity tools, E-mail systems and groupwareplatforms have. We believe that this fact is due tothe many limitations of current workflow technology(weak support for changes; complex exception handlingmechanisms; limited openness to and integrability withother system components;...) and that radically newworkflow management systems should be designed anddeveloped in order to offer adequate products to themarket. In this paper, we outline the main innovativefeatures of the workflow management component of theMilano system making it highly flexible and adaptable.Particular attention is paid to its modellingframework, which is based on a class of net systemswell supported by efficient algorithms, and to theservices it offers to both workflow designers andactors. The most relevant aspects of the MILANOworkflow management system are also illustratedthrough a realistic example.     

Java异常处理策略研究

异常处理机制是程序设计语言的重要标志之一,在程序设计过程中用来处理程序运行中的异常。传统的程序设计语言里异常处理较为繁杂。Java是一种面向对象的程序设计语言,且引入了异常处理机制。合理完备的异常处理可以增强程序运行的可靠性、提高软件的健壮性,可以较为快速地确定错误的位置。文章分析了Java异常处理的逻辑,阐述了异常类、异常处理机制以及异常处理方法,提出了异常处理的一些策略。综合运用这些策略可以使编程人员编写出更加简洁、高效的程序代码。     

TCPN的状态可达及可调度决策空间算法

Ｔｓａｉ等提出了时间限制Ｐｅｔｒｉ，并讨论了变迁可激活，可调度规律及其计算公式。然而，由于网拓扑和动态的复杂性，某些概念的逻辑关系及公式有矛盾。本文通过引入调度决策变量，动态标记准确地刻画调度规律，修正澄清了Ｔｓａｉ文中的问题，完善了ＴＣＰＮ的调度分析。另外，讨论了ＴＣＰＮ沿含有失败变迁激活路径的调度问题。     

JAVA异常处理的分析与研究

Java的异常处理机制是其一大特色。该文在介绍Java语言的异常处理技术的基础上,提出了异常处理的设计原则,从而为Java的程序设计实现提供技术上的借鉴。     

Extended Petri net-based modeling,analysis and simulation of an intelligent materials handling system

This paper describes, models, analyzes and simulates an intelligent materials handling system with diagnostic intelligence capabilities using Extended Petri Nets (EPNs). The important modeled system properties of safeness, liveness and reversibility, which guarantee that the system operates in a stable, deadlock free and cyclic manner are verified and illustrated through the simulation results, obtained through an EPN based software package. A real system, the USL CIM system, modified to function as an intelligent materials handling system with on-line adaptation capabilities is used as a case study.This work has been partially supported by the LEQSF Research Grant LEQSF (91–93) — RD-A-40. A short version of this paper has been presented at the 31st IEEE CDC, Tucson, Arizona, December 1992.     

基于平行Petri网的制造系统调度与控制一体化方法

为了消除制造系统调度层与控制层之间的隔阂, 实现对生产事件快速灵活响应, 本文提出了一种调度与控制一体化的方法. 首先, 定义了一种新型Petri网模型, 即平行Petri网, 从而集成地描述了传感器、执行器、任务和资源信息, 构建制造系统的信息物理系统模型; 其次, 提出了一种从平行Petri网到赋时Petri网的抽象简化方法, 大规模压缩优化调度所需搜索的状态空间; 再次, 定义了策略Petri网以描述最优调度策略. 最后, 给出了平行Petri网与策略Petri网同步执行算法, 使得平行Petri网与物理系统同步执行.