The effect of media parameters on wave propagation in a chiral metamaterials slab using FDTD

Because the permittivity, permeability, and chirality parameters of chiral metamaterials (CMMs) are frequency dependent, the wave equations that describe the characters of electromagnetic wave propagation in CMMs are presented and discretized on the basis of auxiliary differential equation technique in finite‐difference time‐domain method. The total‐field/scattered‐field, Mur's first‐order absorbing and dielectric boundary conditions for CMMs slab are discussed in the paper. Numerical results show that the cross‐polarized reflected coefficient of the CMMs slab is zero. Negative index of refraction phenomenon and optical property of giant optical activity in CMMs slabs are illustrated with 1D auxiliary differential equation–finite‐difference time‐domain method. The effects to positive or negative phase velocity caused by media parameters of CMMs are studied. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Simulation of EM wave propagation in magnetoelectric media using TLM

In this paper, the simulation of general frequency‐dependent magnetoelectric material properties in time‐domain TLM is described. The formulation is developed from Maxwell's equations and the constitutive relations using bilinear 𝒵‐transform methods leading to a general Padé system. The approach is applicable to all frequency‐dependent linear materials including those displaying anisotropic and bianisotropic behaviour. The method is validated by the example of a chiral slab having an analytic solution. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

TLM simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation in anisotropic moving media

A transmission line matrix (TLM) model suitable to simulate the propagation of waves in moving anisotropic continuous media is presented. As is well known, an electromagnetic wave propagating in a general medium, moving with respect to its source, experiences a drag by the own medium, which involves a wave velocity dependent on the direction of propagation. In this work, we present a first approach for the case of uniform movement of an anisotropic dielectric medium with respect to an electromagnetic source. Although the technique allows for quantitative results, special attention is devoted to the simulation of wave fronts, distorted elliptical fronts, because a particular kind of ‘anisotropy’ appears, even in an isotropic medium. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Multiresolution model of electromagnetic wave propagation in dispersive materials

A multiresolution time‐domain (MRTD) technique based on Haar wavelets has been applied to model the propagation of waves in dispersive materials, using a discretization of the convolution equation that governs the behaviour of the media. To validate the method, the reflection coefficient at the interface between air and several different linear dispersive media, as well as the propagation of a plane wave towards a non‐linear dispersive medium have been calculated and compared with other numerical techniques and theoretical results. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

超声波包覆改善富锂锰正极材料低温性能

采用超声波在富锂锰正极材料表面包覆MnO_2。用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对样品进行了表征,并设计软包电池测试材料的电化学性能。研究表明:超声波包覆MnO_2的富锂锰正极材料能提高材料首次放电效率,达96.4%。此外,低温-20和-40℃的放电效率分别为66.9%和6.7%,低温-20和-40℃的恢复率为103.5%和102.2%。     

A quasi‐planar incident wave excitation for time‐domain scattering analysis of periodic structures

We present a quasi‐planar incident wave excitation for time‐domain scattering analysis of periodic structures. It uses a particular superposition of plane waves that yields an incident wave with the same periodicity as the periodic structure itself. The duration of the incident wave is controlled by means of its frequency spectrum or, equivalently, the angular spread in its constituting plane waves. Accuracy and convergence properties of the method are demonstrated by scattering computations for a planar dielectric half‐space. Equipped with the proposed source, a time‐domain solver based on linear elements yields an error of roughly 1% for a resolution of 20 points per wavelength and second‐order convergence is achieved for smooth scatterers. Computations of the scattering characteristics for a sinusoidal surface and a random rough surface show similar performance. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

异侧布置缝-孔-堰组合式鱼道紊流结构试验研究

我国沿海沿江洄游性鱼类众多,单一式鱼道难以满足鱼类不同溯游习性的要求。迄今,人们对单一式鱼道研究较多,而对组合式鱼道仅限于数值模拟工作,试验研究几乎是空白。本文对凹口堰-矩形中孔-竖缝组合式鱼道的紊流结构进行了较为系统的试验研究。采用声学多普勒测速仪（ADV）量测了鱼道水池内各点的三维瞬时流速,分析了组合式鱼道的流动特征、时均流速、紊动强度、雷诺应力、频谱特性、相关函数及紊动尺度。试验研究结果表明：与单一式鱼道比较,组合式鱼道水流具有显著的三维流动结构;纵向流速在水平面上存在明显峰值区,横向流速和垂向流速显示在横断面上存在旋涡区;在竖缝壁面射流与孔口射流汇聚区,纵向、横向及垂向紊动强度均较大,合并后则逐渐减小;雷诺应力峰值区主要出现在多股射流交汇区;纵向脉动能量主频峰值大小为孔口>凹口堰>竖缝;纵向脉动流速表现出随时间的相关性,并有凹口堰>孔口>竖缝,且沿程波动周期延长;积分尺度和微分尺度显示涡旋结构与组合式鱼道的流区有关。     

Analysis of high frequency performance of TO‐46 header through three‐dimensional full wave electromagnetic model and circuit model

The TO‐46 header has been commonly used for vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and photodetector package. The high‐frequency characteristics of a TO‐46 header were measured using our special K‐type adaptors and simulated through a three‐dimensional full wave electromagnetic simulator. The measurement and simulation results show the TO‐46 header provides a resonance‐free transmission bandwidth over 40‐GHz and reflection loss below −10‐dB within 31‐GHz, with an ideal 50‐Ω terminal. The 25‐Gb/s and 40‐Gb/s eye diagrams through a TO‐46 header were measured using our measurement setup, and the eye diagrams are clear enough. In addition, the single‐end and differential‐end equivalent circuit models of a TO‐46 header were established and verified. The TO‐46 header provides a low‐cost and high‐speed package solution and can be applied in 21‐Gb/s fiber channel technology and 100‐Gb/s (4 × 25‐Gb/s) Ethernet (100 GbE) network. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Propagation and radiation field characteristics of nanometer electromagnetic waves in x‐ray dielectric waveguides with random media

X‐rays in the nanometer electromagnetic region are useful for nanospace fabrication, information and high‐energy transmission and control techniques of angstrom‐size structures in biomedical sciences and technology. In this paper, the electromagnetic fields in X‐ray gradient fiber with random refractive index media are studied. Statistical mode conversion of beam propagation, beam broadening, and beam center are investigated by the stochastic process theory of electromagnetic fields. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 139(3): 53–61, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.10002/eej.1160     

A study of the loss characteristics of the amorphous magnetic material under nonsinusoidal wave magnetic flux

This paper presents a study on iron loss characteristics of an amorphous magnetic material under nonsinusoidal wave magnetic flux. The iron loss characteristics of the amorphous magnetic material have been compared to those of grain‐oriented magnetic steel sheets. Measurements of the iron loss have been carried out by means of an SST. It was found that the ratio of the iron loss increase of the amorphous magnetic material under the excitation by distorted waveforms and symmetric PWM waveforms is lower than that of grain‐oriented magnetic steel sheets. On the other hand, the ratio of the iron loss increase of the amorphous magnetic material under the excitation by asymmetric PWM waveforms is higher than that of grain‐oriented magnetic steel sheets. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 150(3): 11–18, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20004