再生聚酯长丝制备技术研究

文章将聚酯废丝、废料进行解聚生成对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（BHET）,然后再将BHET直接进行聚合成聚酯,再进行纺丝。首先对再生聚酯的热性能、结晶性能以及基本性能等进行了分析,发现BHET化学法再生聚酯的切片结构、热性能等与原生切片基本一致,但特性粘度、端羧基含量、色值都有差别,再生聚酯切片特性粘度略高、端羧基含量少,颜色偏暗黄。采用BHET化学法再生聚酯制备的纤维,通过工艺优化后,力学性能较好,颜色发黄,基本可以满足后道织造的要求。     

非织造布用聚酯废纺纤维的开发

非织造布用聚酯废纺纤维的开发钱晓东（武进第三染织厂·武进市·２１３１３１）聚酯废纺就是利用聚酯产品废料纺丝，其以ＰＥＴ瓶片为主，还有泡泡料、再生粒子等为原料，采用普通的二步法涤纶短纤维生产流程，通过生产设备的配置和工艺的调整，生产各种不同规格、性能的...     

聚酯废料纺制三角异形涤纶短纤维工艺探讨

在聚酯废料生产三角异形涤纶短纤维过程中对影响纤维截面异形度的主要因素：喷丝孔截面形状，纺丝温度，冷却成形条件，后欠伸工艺参数等进行探讨。     

细旦聚酯纤维的染色

细旦纤维一般是指1.0旦以下的纤维。用于衣料织物的细旦纤维主要分为,0.01～0.1旦用于仿麂皮人造革或仿麂皮起绒织物的超细纤维,和0.3～1.0旦用于仿真丝绸织物的细旦纤维。仿麂皮人造革和起绒织物采用聚酯纤维、聚丙烯纤维和聚酰胺纤维, 或采用聚酯和聚酰胺等的混合纤维。仿丝绸则采用细旦聚酯纤维,由历来常规的纺丝法或与之相类似的纺丝法制造。这类纤维的特点是柔软,表面积大,具有独特的色光,最重要的特     

聚酯填充料的性能与检验

聚酯填充料是用聚酯粒子或聚酯废丝回用,通过复合或再生等工艺手段,采取熔体纺丝或复合纺丝等方法生产出来的原料,主要用于玩具、被褥、睡袋、服装等制品的衬垫。人们俗称为“PP棉”(polyester padding fiber)。该纤维规格长度一般在25-80mm范围内。目前进出口聚酯填充料可分为两大类:一是复合型填充料纤维;二是再生型填充料纤维。各类填充料纤维根据纤维横截面形状又分为无     

芳香族共聚酯的改性

前言自从PET在四十年代被发现以来,聚酯一直被人们当作重点研究着,因而聚酯的合成方法及其品种层出不穷。七十年代中期,芳香族共聚酯作为一种新型材料被合成出来了。芳香族共聚酯具有热致性液晶的特性,在熔融时呈现出光学各向异性,通过熔融纺丝可以获得高强度(20～30克/旦)、高模量(400～600克/旦)纤维,这是继Kevlar纤维之后的又一种高强、高模纤维。无论芳香     

共聚型阻燃聚酯工业丝的纺丝成形

为了纺制兼具良好阻燃与力学性能的共聚型阻燃聚酯工业丝，在分析高分子量阻燃共聚酯流变特性以及量化不同纺丝温度条件下共聚酯热降解程度的基础上，设计和优化熔融纺丝工艺。对纺制的阻燃工业丝力学性能与阻燃性能进行测试，并采用X-射线衍射和声速纤维取向测量仪对纤维的微细结构进行测试分析。结果表明：相较纯PET,共聚酯熔体黏度较低，温敏性更为明显。采用低的纺丝温度(285℃左右),熔体黏度对纺丝压力影响小且热降解程度低，可制备断裂强度为6.75 cN/dtex、极限氧指数(LOI)可达31%的共聚型阻燃聚酯工业丝，且其阻燃耐久性突出，实现了良好阻燃性能与力学性能共聚型阻燃聚酯工业丝的制备。     

微细旦纤维技术的当前发展趋势

微细旦短纤维和长纤维是指单丝纤度小于1dpf 的合成纤维短丝和长丝。生产细旦纤维的趋向起源于丝绸之乡的亚洲国家。在印度,具有0.8—0.9dpf 纤度的仿真丝聚酯短纤维已经进入市场将近二十年了。日本的化学纤维生产厂家用聚酯 FDY 丝作经纱,POY/DTY 丝作纬纱织成织物投入市场,其中 FDY 和 POY 都采用1dpf 的微细旦纤维。中国的一家纺织研究院在1986年介绍了一种大约2dpf 的纺丝染色的聚丙烯 POY/DTY 仿丝绸细旦丝。这种首创的高速纺丝并且经拉伸变形的丙纶对纺织用的丙纶细旦丝的发展具有重大的意义。Neu-     

杜邦采用低特性粘度聚酯生产防护服用布

特性粘度值在 0 .6 2dl/ g(分升 /克 )以下的聚酯树脂称为低特性粘度聚酯 ,这样的树脂通常不能用于生产纺粘非织造布。但杜邦公司取得的新专利US6 ,5 48,4 31表明 ,低特性粘度聚酯能通过纺丝、牵伸成细纤维 ,经铺网并固结成纺粘布 ,其纤维旦数可为 0 .8dpf,纺丝速度达 6 0 0 0m/min以上。由低特性粘度聚酯熔纺的纤维强度远大于常规特性粘度聚酯所纺纤维的强度。这样的纺粘布具有良好的强力及其他物理性能。由本专利所生产的纺粘布产品可用于各种用途 ,诸如防护服用布必须具有良好的透汽性及液体屏蔽性 ;这种布也可用作擦拭材料 ,尤其是用于…     

我国涤纶超细纤维专用分散染料的发展现状和市场分析

一、我国涤沦超细纤维及其纺织产品的发展概况超细纤维(ultra-fine fiber,micro-fiber),一般把纤度0.3旦(直径5微米)以下的纤维称为超细纤维。目前多数合成纤维切片均可纺丝制成超细纤维,如聚酯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯等。我国目前产量最大的是聚酯(涤沦)超细纤维和聚酰     

常见四种阔叶材纤维形态和化学成分的研究

对我国常见四种速生阔叶材的纤维形态和化学成分进行了测定及分析,旨在为其用于制浆造纸提供必要的基础数据。研究结果表明,尾巨桉和杨木纤维质量较好,均为优质的制浆造纸原料,桑树枝和光叶楮杆芯纤维质量较差。     

Carbohydrate composition of Slovenian bee pollens

Bee pollen is a source of nutrients that are important for humans. There is growing interest in bee pollen, mainly due to consumers wishing to use natural products for a healthy diet or for their therapeutic effects. The composition of bee pollen varies according to botanical and geographical origin. The aim was to define for the first time the carbohydrate composition of bee pollen from Slovenia. A total of twenty‐eight samples of bee pollens were analysed for botanical origins and contents of water, sugars and soluble and insoluble dietary fibre. From the bee pollen samples analysed, ten were recognised as monofloral. Monosaccharides represented 96% of the sugar fraction, with ranges 13.2–27.8 g per 100 g dry weight for fructose and 10.6–28.5 g per 100 g dry weight for glucose. Levels of sucrose, maltose and melezitose were low. Total dietary fibre was 10.0–21.4 g per 100 g dry weight bee pollen, with 73–82% insoluble fibre. Bee pollen can thus provide a good source of dietary fibre. This study supports further nutritional proposals for Slovenian bee pollen.     

Effect of the addition of different fibres on wheat dough performance and bread quality

A good correlation has become evident between fibre consumption and the reduction of coronary heart-related diseases and diabetes incidence. However, fibre intake is commonly lower than recommended. In consequence, the development of foods with high fibre content should be desirable. The potential use of various commercial fibres (carob fibre, inulin and pea fibre), as fibre-enriching agents in breadmaking, is reported. The effects of the addition of these fibres to wheat flour on the viscoelastic properties of dough and both mixing and proofing behaviour is presented. Bread evaluation revealed that carob and pea fibre supplementation, although decreasing specific loaf volume (very slightly in the case of carob fibre), conferred softness to the bread crumbs. In addition, sensory evaluation showed that consumer panellists judged these fibre-enriched breads as acceptable. Therefore, their use, especially carob, allows an increase of the daily intake of fibre without promoting negative effects on the rheological properties of doughs or quality and overall acceptability of the resulting breads. The whole study indicates that these three fibres can be used as additives in breadmaking in order to fortify the diet.     

Modelling of thermal conductivity of knitted fabrics made of cotton–bamboo yarns using artificial neural network

Regenerated cellulosic fibre made from bamboo is gaining popularity for apparel use due to its improved functional properties. This paper presents the modelling of thermal conductivity of knitted fabrics made from blended yarns of cotton and bamboo fibres using an artificial neural network (ANN). Five parameters, namely knitted fabric structure type, yarn linear density, bamboo fibre proportion (%), fabric thickness and fabric areal density, were used as inputs to the ANN model. The developed model was able to predict the thermal conductivity of fabrics with very good accuracy. The trend analysis of the developed model revealed the influence of various input parameters on the thermal conductivity of knitted fabrics. These findings can be judiciously used for the selection of optimum material and structural parameters of knitted cellulosic fabrics for a particular end‐use.     

亚麻／棉混纺织物染整工艺

针对麻纤维特有的物化性质，作者介绍了亚麻／棉混纺织物冷轧堆和半丝光的前处理工艺；但用活性染料染色时需加大尿素用量，以提高染色泽，对部分颜色可采用纳夫妥和士林悬浮体轧染工艺。采用该工艺，产品质量稳定可靠，各项指标均符合标准要求。     

Quantitative and qualitative study of spelt and wheat fibres in varying milling fractions

The fibre composition of four spelt genotypes and of three wheat genotypes was studied on three grindings: bran, whole bare grains flour for all genotypes, and whole hulled grains flour for spelt only. Insoluble fibre and soluble fibre contents were measured after removal of proteins, starch and ashes from the sample (Lee, Prosky, & De Vries, 1992). Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents were measured according to the same principles with different chemical degradations of the sample (Van Soest & Wine, 1967). Spelt and wheat bran and whole grain flour displayed significant statistical differences for hemicellulose and cellulose contents. Variability amongst the spelt genotypes was much higher than amongst the wheat genotypes. The study also highlighted the special profile of the true baking variety Ressac and the richness in fibres of the landrace 140. Finally, various methods of measurement were compared and a combination of these methods was proposed for cereal grains dietary fibre analysis.     

Effect of tooth front bevel angle on cutting accuracy and chip formation for cicular rip saws

When using sawdust in the pulp making process the wood fibres should be as long as possible. Circular saws with alternatively front or top beveled teeth produce saw dust with such characteristics. In this study the effect of bevel angle on cutting accuracy, surface finish, and saw dust quality was studied. A bevel angle of 15° maintained good cutting accuracy, produced good surface finish, and produced fibre quality superior to that obtained from saws with no bevel.     

造纸毛毯用合成短纤维

介绍了造纸毛毯专用锦纶 6短纤维的性能 ,提出了选择合适的专用短纤维处理剂 ,控制纤维最佳卷曲度和使用不等长短纤维混合物对提高制造造纸毛毯过程中纤维的加工性能甚为重要 ,开发出具有抗污染、耐高温和更好耐磨性能短纤维是造纸毛毯行业的需要     

磷石膏晶须在造纸上的应用

当前工业上造纸主要使用植物纤维,而石膏晶须用于替代木、草浆进行造纸,可大幅度降低造纸成本和制浆污染指数;本文用自制的磷石膏晶须进行造纸同时选择助留剂和分散剂,重点对纸张的性能进行了探讨研究,取得了显著效果.     

磷石膏晶须在造纸上的应用

当前造纸主要使用木、草浆,而石膏晶须用于替代木、草浆进行造纸,可大幅度降低造纸成本和制浆污染指数。用自制的磷石膏晶须进行造纸,同时选择助留剂和分散剂,重点对纸张的性能进行了探讨研究,取得了显著效果。