基于超材料构建的PCB通信信道芯片无线互连通信研究

提出了一种基于蘑菇型电磁超材料构建的PCB(Printed Circuit Board)的芯片间/芯片内射频通信设计模型.该设计用单极子天线模拟芯片管脚,利用PCB介质作为通信信道,并填充一层超材料吸收多径传播中部分电磁波,降低天线回波损耗和改善天线之间相关度.分析电磁波在PCB介质内传播途径及超材料对其影响.对发射天线输入频率为20GHz不归零伪随机二进制信号,接收天线输出信号的眼图清晰端正.从频域和时域结果分析表明芯片-PCB无线互连可行,而且超材料能够明显改善通信信道而提高信号传输质量.     

一种低剖面可重构全向圆极化天线的设计

本文提出了一种低剖面极化可重构全向圆极化天线。该天线由一个1×4偶极子阵列天线和一个单极子天线组成,通过设计可重构馈电网络来激励这两部分子天线,可产生左右旋可切换的全向圆极化波。设计的馈电网络主要由一单刀双掷开关电路和一紧凑二阶3 dB耦合器组成,从而可输出幅度相等、相位差可在±90°间切换的两路信号。将馈电网络的两输出端口分别与水平极化的偶极子阵列天线和垂直极化的单极子天线相连,便可使天线在左旋圆极化(LHCP)和右旋圆极化(RHCP)两种辐射状态之间切换。设计的天线总体截面积为59.9×59.9×πmm²,天线厚度为0.058λ₀。测试结果表明,该天线在左右旋圆极化状态下的阻抗带宽(|S₁₁|<-10 dB)分别为21.5%(2.24～2.78 GHz)和19.4%(2.32～2.81 GHz)。全向左右旋圆极化状态的重叠轴比带宽(AR<3 dB)约为7%(2.44～2.62 GHz)。天线的最高增益为-0.9 dB,水平面增益波动小于1.3 dB。     

具有超宽带RCS减缩特性的天线设计

该文设计了两种人工磁导体(AMC)单元,在8～20 GHz的超宽频带内,两种AMC结构能够实现180°±37° 的反射相位差,将这两种单元组成棋盘结构时,能够实现入射电磁波的散射场相消,从而在超宽的频带内实现棋盘表面法向雷达散射截面(RCS)的显著减缩。同时,利用超表面天线的概念,设计馈电网络,将设计的AMC结构用做天线,仿真发现在9.08～10.30 GHz的范围内,天线的S₁₁小于–10 dB,可以实现天线的有效辐射。实测结果和仿真吻合较好,因此该文的棋盘结构可以实现具有RCS减缩特性的天线设计。     

一种小型化超宽带MIMO天线设计

提出了一种基于槽天线的小型化、高隔离度的超宽带(Ultra Wideband, UWB)多入多出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)天线.该MIMO天线由两个槽天线单元构成, 为了增加天线阻抗带宽, 每个槽天线单元由末端带有圆形贴片的微带线和末端为圆形的槽线两部分耦合馈电.采用在地板上开槽和方向图分集方法, 减少地板表面波和空中电磁波影响, 达到提高天线隔离度的目的.数值仿真和实验结果表明:该天线在3.1~11 GHz频段内满足端口反射系数|S₁₁| < -10 dB, 隔离度|S₁₂|在7~11 GHz频段内小于-25 dB, 在3.1~7 GHz频段内小于-16 dB, 并根据仿真和测试S参数计算了包络相关系数.     

0.9GHz和2.4GHz 双频段 SiGe HBT 低噪声放大器的设计

This paper presents design and implementation of a dual-band LNA using a 0.35μm SiGe HBT process for 0.9 GHz GSM and 2.4 GHz WLAN applications.PCB layout parasitic effects have a vital effect on circuit performance and are accounted for using electro-magnetic（EM） simulation.Design considerations of noise decoupling, input/output impedance matching,and current reuse are described in detail.At 0.9/2.4 GHz,gain and noise figure are 13/16 dB and 4.2/3.9 dB,respectively.Both S₁₁ and S₂₂ are below -10 dB.Power dissipation is 40 mW at 3.5 V supply.     

双频带柔性人工磁导体结构研究

人工磁导体能够减小人体生物组织对人体通信天线性能的影响。根据等效电路模型以及软件优化仿真明确3*3人工磁导体结构单元形状和尺寸参数。结合人体手臂生物组织模型进行仿真,以0.05 mm 厚度聚酰亚胺为基底材料、铜为导电材料,加工制作正方形人工磁导体结构辐射单元和天线并在人体手臂进行实测。仿真与测试结果表明辐射单元结构尺寸设计为S1 =24 mm,S2 =23 mm,S3 = 12 mm,S4 = 7 mm,能够确保天线工作在2.45GHz 和5.80 GHz 双频段,将人体SAR值在2.45 GHz 时降低了86%,在5.8 GHz 降低了64%,AMC 结构和天线相距5 mm 时,实测天线回波损耗S11参数曲线与理论结果相符,可以满足双频带安全人体通信的应用需求。     

A 3.4-3.6 GHz power amplifier in an InGaP/GaAs HBT

This paper presents a 3.4-3.6 GHz power amplifier（PA） designed and implemented in InGaP/GaAs HBT technology.By optimizing the off-chip output matching network and designing an extra input-matching circuit on the PCB,several problems are resolved,such as resonant frequency point migration,worse matching and lower gain caused by parasitics inside and outside of the chip.Under V_cc = 4.3 V and V_bias = 3.3 V,a P_1dB of 27.1 dBm has been measured at 3.4 GHz with a PAE of 25.8%,the 2nd and 3rd harmonics are -64 dBc and -51 dBc,respectively. In addition,this PA shows a linear gain more than 28 dB with S₁₁<-12.4dB and S₂₂<-7.4 dB in 3.4-3.6 GHz band.     

60GHz 毫米波在芯片无线互连中的传播特性研究

研究了60GHz 毫米波在芯片无线互连特定场景下的电磁传播问题。应用完整电磁理论,以单极阵子为研究对象在收发天线正对、非正对两种情形中,对径向分量在完整电磁波中的作用进行理论分析及数值仿真。数值仿真结果表明:当收发天线间距小于3 倍波长时,径向分量对完整电磁波有一定的贡献;当收发天线间距大于3 倍波长时,可应用传统远场分析进行近似处理。此外,在HFSS 中对特定的芯片间无线互连场景进行了建模及电磁仿真:当天线两端到PCB 介质板的距离约小于0. 7 ~ 0. 8mm 时,PCB 介质板对电磁波的反射会对天线造成一定的频偏,该频偏随着天线到PCB 介质板的距离的增大而减小;当天线两端到PCB 介质板的距离约大于0. 7 ~ 0. 8mm 时,基本不会造成频偏。这为60GHz 毫米波在芯片间无线互连中的应用提供了电磁传播的理论依据。     

新型小尺寸带引向器波纹开眼对拓型Vivaldi天线

基于传统对拓型Vivaldi天线, 提出一种新型小尺寸对拓型Vivaldi天线.采用波纹、开眼和引向器等结构来展宽天线的工作带宽, 并分别对这三种结构对带宽的影响进行了分析.利用HFSS仿真优化得到的结构参数, 分别在两种介质材料上, 加工并测试了带引向器波纹开眼对拓型Vivaldi天线, 实测与仿真结果吻合.仿真与测试结果表明:两种介质上的天线工作频带均包含3~20 GHz, 尺寸仅为42.56 mm×40.16 mm×0.813 mm, 带内回波损耗S₁₁低于-10 dB, 带内增益均大于3 dBi, 最大增益达7.3 dBi, 交叉极化均小于-15 dB, 50%以上的频带交叉极化小于-20 dB, 最小可达-25 dB, 天线具有稳定的方向图, 良好的波形保真度, 是一种宽波束天线.     

内装天线的微型芯片

日立公司现已开发的微型芯片，其内部嵌入了2．45GHZ的高频天线，形状为边长0．4mm的正方形，这是一种非接触式IC芯片。     

定向超宽带平面天线阵列设计

设计了一种超宽带（ultra-wideband, UWB）定向平面天线二元阵列。两个圆形单极子天线单元通过T 型功分馈电网络组成二元阵。天线在-10dB 以下回波损耗从2.98～10.96GHz,绝对阻抗带宽为7.98GHz,倍频程为3.68。天线增益在3GHz,6GHz 和9GHz 时,分别为3.54dB,5.03dB 和5.67dB。天线最终尺寸为28.4×67 mm2, 厚度为1mm。有效 实现了方向图定向性,可用于远距离地面宽带通信系统。     

应用于WLAN/WiMAX的三频单极子天线设计

设计了一种三频段L型单极子平面天线,通过3个L型单极子天线的组合,使其中一个单极子天线工作于3.5 GHz频段,较长一个单极子工作于2.4 GHz频段,较短一个单极子工作于5.8 GHz频段,该天线与其他三频段平面天线相比,结构更为简单。为数值分析和优化,在HFSS建立了该天线的电磁仿真模型,仿真结果表明,该三频段天线在其3个工作频段内的回波损耗都＜-10 dB,实现了2.4 GHz,3.5 GHz和5.8 GHz 三频段同时工作。该天线可在WLAN和WiMAX通信系统中得到良好的应用。     

一种宽带水平全向平面天线设计

为提高水平全向天线的带宽,设计了一种宽带水平全向平面天线.该天线由4只弧形偶极子天线组阵构成一个圆环,每只偶极子天线振子交错印刷在印制板的上下表面.将4只弧形偶极子远场方向图叠加组合为水平全向辐射方向图;在每只偶极子振子上开缝并在印制板边缘加载寄生贴片,增加天线的带宽.设计和加工制作一只天线样品,测试结果表明,该天线能...     

一种新型波束可控的口径耦合天线

设计一种基于人工电磁结构（AMC）的新型口径耦合天线。对加载了AMC 结构的口径耦合天线进行仿真。 根据仿真结果,天线的工作频率为5.5GHz,辐射的波束指向21°时增益为6.4dB。文中对天线的参数进行分析,波束 的偏移角度与AMC 结构的有关。将AMC 结构变为一排,天线波束可以指向11°。根据天线单元构造1×2 的子阵, 阵列天线具有更高的增益和带宽,并可以有波束的偏移。 天线子阵工作在5.5GHz 时天线的波束指向为26°,增益 8.47dB。     

An Equivalent Circuit Model for Broadband Modified Rectangular Microstrip-Fed Monopole Antenna

A new, simple equivalent circuit model for designing a multi-mode/broadband modified rectangular microstrip-fed monopole antennas using stepped cut at four corners (SCFC) method has been presented in this paper. The SCFC method is a method in which the four corners at the edges of the patch are cut for the purpose of designing the microstrip-fed monopole antenna. The design procedure of a single mode to a broadband microstrip-fed monopole antenna is explained in order to help understand more about the proposed equivalent circuit model and SCFC method. The computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio and advanced design system (ADS) software are used to design and simulate of the proposed microstrip-fed monopole antennas and their equivalent circuit model, respectively. The operating bandwidth of the broadband antenna with \(\hbox {S}_{11}< -10\) dB, covers the operating frequency range from 0.9 to 2.6 GHZ that it is suitable for GSM (0.9 GHz), WiFi (2.4 GHz) and LTE (2.6 GHz) applications. For the purpose of validating the simulated results, the antennas prototype has been fabricated and measured. The comparison of the measurement and simulation results shows that, there is a good agreement between them.     

L/S双频段圆形阵列单脉冲抛物面天线

该文研究了一种以六单元圆形阵列作为照射器的单脉冲抛物面天线,这种天线具有实现宽频带跟踪的独特优点,其输出信号类似于圆波导单口径多模馈源,具有一个和波束,一个锥形差波束,并给出了没有接收机参与的情况下,将宽频带的和差两个通道变成单通道的途径。研制了一套L(1#61485;2GHz),S(2.2#61485;2.3GHz)宽频带双圆极化单通道单脉冲天线,对该天线的照射器、分波器、波束形成网络、单通道变换器等组件和馈源结构集成化设计进行比较详细的介绍。该馈源安装到一个3.2m的抛物面上,频率为1.1GHz,2.2GHz时,和波束增益分别为22.9dB,30.1dB;差波束零深为35dB,40dB。在L/S两个频段内跟踪稳定。     

应用于早期乳腺肿瘤探测的小型化超宽带天线

设计了两款可以应用于早期乳腺肿瘤超宽带微波检测技术的超宽带天线。两款天线均为平面单极天线,分别由叉形、三角形金属贴片和槽口金属接地板构成,采用微带线对其进行馈电。经过仿真优化,两款天线的-10 dB回波损耗频率覆盖范围分别为4～10 GHz和5～10 GHz,且在此带宽内具有良好的全向性。对叉形极子天线进行了实物测量,试验数据与仿真结果相吻合。两款天线体积小、结构简单、加工简便,能够较好地满足微波成像检测乳腺肿瘤技术中天线阵列的设计要求。     

79 GHz Slot Antennas Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW) in a Flexible Printed Circuit Board

The design, fabrication and characterization of 79 GHz slot antennas based on substrate integrated waveguides (SIW) are presented in this paper. All the prototypes are fabricated in a polyimide flex foil using printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication processes. A novel concept is used to minimize the leakage losses of the SIWs at millimeter wave frequencies. Different losses in the SIWs are analyzed. SIW-based single slot antenna, longitudinal and four-by-four slot array antennas are numerically and experimentally studied. Measurements of the antennas show approximately 4.7%, 5.4% and 10.7% impedance bandwidth (${rm S}_{11}=-10$ dB) with 2.8 dBi, 6.0 dBi and 11.0 dBi maximum antenna gain around 79 GHz, respectively. The measured results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.      

Design of Compact Quad-Band Notched UWB-MIMO Antenna

With quad-notched band characteristic, a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input-multiple-output antenna is proposed in the article. There are two identical monopole elements in the system. By inserting symmetrical L-shaped slots, complementary split-ring resonators) and C-shaped stubs in each element, four notched bands are achieved to filter 3.5 GHz WiMAX, 5.25 GHz lower WLAN, 5.8 GHz upper WLAN, and 7.5 GHz X-band. Without decoupling structures, the antennas were placed vertically to obtain high isolation. Results indicate that the antenna operates from 2.6 to 13 GHz except four rejected bands, and port isolation (S21) is better than ?25 dB, envelope correlation coefficient is below 0.002 in UWB spectrum frequency of 3.1–10.6 GHz.     

High-Efficiency Angled-Dipole Antennas for Millimeter-Wave Phased Array Applications

A high-efficiency microstrip-fed endfire angled-dipole antenna has been developed for millimeter-wave phased array applications. The antenna is built on both sides of a Teflon substrate (epsiv_r = 2.2) and this allows a wideband feed from the single-ended microstrip line to the differential dipole. The design results in wide radiation patterns for scanning purposes with a gain of around 2.5 dB at 20-26 GHz and a cross-polarization level of < -15 dB at 24 GHz. A mutual coupling of < -23 dB is measured between adjacent elements with 6.8 mm center-to center spacing (0.50-0.54 lambda₀ at 22-24 GHz). A variant of the angled-dipole antenna with a magnetic ground plane edge was also developed, and shows a measured gain of > 6 dB at 23.2-24.6 GHz and very low mutual coupling between elements (<-23 dB for a 6.8 mm spacing). Both antennas result in a radiation efficiency of > 93% when referenced to the microstrip line feed (including mismatch loss). The usefulness of these antennas as phased array radiators is demonstrated by several eight-element linear arrays at 22-24 GHz with scan angle up to 50 degrees. The application areas are in automotive radars and high data-rate communication systems.