蔬菜中硝酸盐与亚硝酸盐检测方法的研究进展

综述了亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的检测方法,指出了各检测方法的优劣及其应用前景,对于监控蔬菜生产加工中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的含量,检测蔬菜产品的品质等具有参考意义。     

蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的污染

综述了硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的危害、污染来源、蔬菜中的污染现状、蔬菜中硝酸盐积累机理及控制措施。     

蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的污染

综述了硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的危害、污染来源、蔬菜中的污染现状、蔬菜中硝酸盐积累机理及控制措施。     

蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量分析与评价

通过对7种蔬菜不同处理的硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐含量进行分析,探讨其在蔬菜中的变化情况,为人们合理食用蔬菜提供科学依据。     

蔬菜中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐提取与测定的研究

目的:研究蔬菜中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐对保障人类健康具有重要意义.方法:本实验选择用简便、高效的超声波提取技术提取蔬菜中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐,用紫外分光光度法测定其含量.结果:研究表明,利用紫外分光光度法同时测定蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量的方法简单、快速、选择性好.结论:硝酸盐测定的相对误差在-2.52％～1.14％之间,亚硝酸盐测定的相对误差在1.98％～4.26％之间,符合定量测定要求.     

蔬菜中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐检测技术研究进展

硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐广泛存在于人们的生活中,人体外源性硝酸盐的摄入大多来自蔬菜。硝酸盐对人体没有直接危害,但它可以在人体内的酶和微生物的作用下转化为有毒的亚硝酸盐,使血液的输氧能力下降,导致高铁血红高蛋白症。蔬菜在人们的日常膳食中占据重要的地位,检测蔬菜中的硝酸盐含量具有重要的现实意义。本研究对蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的检测技术进展进行了概述和比较,以期为蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的检测及快速检测技术的发展提供基础参考。     

蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的测定及含量分析

采用超声提取、活性炭柱脱色和微孔膜过滤等步骤对蔬菜进行预处理,离子色谱法测定蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量。探讨不同贮藏条件下4种蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量的变化情况。结果表明:无论常温贮藏还是低温贮藏,贮藏7d内,4种蔬菜中硝酸盐含量变化基本上是呈下降趋势,亚硝酸盐含量均呈现先急剧上升后近于平稳的趋势,但常温贮藏的亚硝酸盐含量高于低温贮藏,除韭菜外,其它蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量均低于限量标准4mg/kg。     

蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐检测方法的研究进展

硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐主要通过蔬菜食用进入人体,亚硝酸盐是一种有毒物质,人食用后会在体内产生致癌性 的亚硝胺。光谱法、色谱法、快速检测法是目前检测蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的主要方法。本文在对上述方法进行 介绍并比较的基础上,对蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐检测方法的研究进展进行了概述与展望。     

蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的分析

介绍了近几年来比色法、电极法、紫外法、离子色谱法等对蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的分析进展,并对今后的发展作了展望。     

贮存条件对蔬菜及其食品中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐含量的影响

对不同温度、容器等贮存条件下蔬菜及菜汤中NO3-和NO2-含量状况的研究。结果表明:不论是在新鲜蔬菜还是菜汤中,这两种有害物质的含量均随贮存温度的升高而相应增加,且含盐菜汤中的含量高于无盐菜汤;在同种温度条件下,3种不同质地容器贮存的菜汤中NO3-特别是NO2-的含量差异较大,均为铝容器>不锈钢容器>铁容器。     

不同生长发育阶段三种野菜中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐及Vc的含量

测定菜蕨、刺苋、苣荬菜等3种野菜不同发育阶段叶中的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和Vc的含量,实验结果分析可知:提琴头期、幼叶期、成熟叶期的菜蕨和幼苗期、营养生长期、果期的苣荬菜为一级蔬菜,可生食、盐渍和熟食;半成熟叶期的菜蕨、初花期的苣荬菜为二级蔬菜,不可生食,可盐渍和熟食;盛花期的苣荬菜,幼苗期、营养生长期、初花期和果期的刺苋属于三级蔬菜,不可生食、盐渍,可熟食;初果期(盛花期)的刺苋属于四级蔬菜,应避免食用或限量熟食。     

Changes in nitrate and nitrite content of four vegetables during storage at refrigerated and ambient temperatures

The nitrate and nitrite contents of four kinds of vegetables (spinach, crown daisy, organic Chinese spinach and organic non-heading Chinese cabbage) in Taiwan were determined during storage at both refrigerated (5 ± 1°C) and ambient temperatures (22 ± 1°C) for 7 days. During storage at ambient temperature, nitrate levels in the vegetables dropped significantly from the third day while nitrite levels increased dramatically from the fourth day of storage. However, refrigerated storage did not lead to changes in nitrate and nitrite levels in the vegetables over 7 days.     

冷藏对蔬菜中亚硝酸盐及硝酸盐含量的影响

目的 探索冰箱冷藏(4℃)条件下蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量随时间的变化,对冷藏食品的安全性进行评价.方法 分别采用重氮偶合分光光度法和麝香草酚分光光度法对生菜、菠菜、油麦菜及苦苣4种常用蔬菜在冷藏条件下其亚硝酸盐及硝酸盐的含量变化进行测定.结果 1～4d内,生菜、苦苣中的亚硝酸盐含量随着时间的延长逐渐增加;菠菜、油麦菜中亚硝酸盐含量分别在第2天和第3天达到最大,之后逐渐降低,而菠菜中亚硝酸盐含量在第4天又出现上升趋势.4种蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量4d中最大值仅为0.419 4 mg/kg(生菜),均＜4 mg/kg的限量值.苦苣和油麦菜中硝酸盐含量在1～4d内逐渐上升.菠菜中硝酸盐含量第2天达到418.48 mg/kg,之后又降低至20.83 mg/kg.生菜中硝酸盐含量在第3天达到最大值317.26 mg/kg,之后逐渐下降,但均在安全范围内(432 mg/kg).结论 在4℃下冷藏4d后,4种常见蔬菜均可安全食用.可见,冷藏能有效减缓亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐含量的升高.     

Nitrate and nitrite content in organically cultivated vegetables

The nitrate and nitrite content of leaf vegetables (Swiss chard, sea beet, spinach and cabbage), “inflorescence” vegetables (cauliflower) and fruit vegetables (eggplant and vegetable marrow) grown with organic fertilizers have been determined by a modified cadmium–Griess method. Samples were purchased from organic food stores as well as collected directly from an organic farm in Madrid (Spain). Nitrate levels were much higher in the leaf vegetables (especially Swiss chard species; average over the different samples and species of 2778.6 ± 1474.7 mg kg^{? 1}) than in inflorescence or fruit products (mean values between 50.2 ± 52.6 and 183.9 ± 233.6 mg kg^{? 1}). Following Swiss chard species, spinach (1349.8 ± 1045.5 mg kg^{? 1}) showed the highest nitrate content, and nitrite was found above the limit of detection in some samples only (spinach, 4.6 ± 1.0 mg kg^{? 1}; sea beet, 4.2 ± 0.7 mg kg^{? 1} and Swiss chard, 1.2 ± 0.4 mg kg^{? 1}). Some vegetables (spinach, cabbage and eggplant) had lower nitrate content in the samples harvested in summer, showing the influence of climatic conditions on the nitrate levels in a plant. The samples taken directly from the organic farm, with the exception of eggplant, had higher or slightly higher average nitrate values than samples purchased in the organic food stores, ranging from 117 to 1077%.     

蔬菜在冷藏条件下亚硝酸盐含量的变化

将常见的5种蔬菜于相同冷藏条件下储存11天,每2天测定1次亚硝酸盐含量,观察其变化规律。结果发现,虽然不同蔬菜在相同冷藏条件下产生的亚硝酸盐含量不同,但都遵循冷藏时间越长亚硝酸盐的含量就越高这个规律。     

Nitrate and nitrite in fresh vegetables from queensland

Vegetables were collected near peak harvest from the main production regions in Queensland and were analysed for residues of nitrate and nitrite. A small sample of hydroponic produce was also included in the survey. Nitrite-N from 1 to 4 mg kg^-1 was found only in dwarf beans and in lettuces. Levels of nitrate in potatoes, cabbages and beets were higher than those reported in other surveys and exceeded threshold limits set in one other country. The median nitrate-N concentration measured in hydroponic lettuce (465 mg kg^-1 nitrate-N) was more than twice the median concentration for field-grown lettuce. Poor correlation between total N and nitrate in vegetables raises doubts about the use of total N alone as an indicator of N status.     

不同利用方式对几种叶菜亚硝酸盐含量的影响

以卷心菜、菠菜和荠菜三种叶菜为实验材料,研究了不同贮藏条件、烹饪方法和熟菜保存方式对亚硝酸盐含量的影响。结果表明,无论常温还是低温贮藏,在贮藏的5d内,三种叶菜亚硝酸盐含量均呈现先增后降低的趋势,但常温贮藏的含量高于低温贮藏,两者均<4mg/kg。不同烹饪加工对三种蔬菜的亚硝酸盐含量影响显著,煮制和炒制的亚硝酸盐降幅分别为52%～61%和27%～49%,而烤制增加亚硝酸盐含量,荠菜增加最多,达20.8%。不同条件下保存的熟菜,菜体亚硝酸盐含量随时间呈增长趋势;低温下保存48h,仅烤菠菜处理的亚硝酸盐达到4mg/kg,而常温保存24h后,大部分处理超过了4mg/kg,参照食用标准,低温保存的熟制叶菜食用安全期可达48h,常温保存的为8～16h。