失配滤波器在数字脉压旁瓣抑制技术中的应用

通过使用加权迭代最小二乘法来设计失配滤波器，用于数字脉压旁瓣抑制技术中，并通过优化权系数，可以使得输出信号的旁瓣电平压得很低。份真结果表明，通过迭代，选择适当的权系数使得失配滤波器的输出具有较低的旁瓣电平，且峰值旁瓣电平比未优化前降低了6dB。     

一种改进窗函数非线性组合法的旁瓣抑制性能研究

为解决在雷达脉冲压缩过程中通过海明窗、汉宁窗等加权方式降低旁瓣而引起主瓣展宽、分辨率下降的问题,提出了一种以常用窗函数为基窗函数的改进窗函数非线性组合法。首先,相较于基窗函数,基于窗函数加权脉冲压缩的原理,证明窗函数线性组合法在主瓣展宽不变时可获得更好的旁瓣抑制能力;并在此基础上进一步证明改进的窗函数非线性组合法具有更优的旁瓣抑制能力。然后,通过对改进的窗函数非线性组合法在三角窗、汉宁窗、海明窗、布莱克曼窗等作为基窗函数时的脉冲压缩性能仿真与分析,验证了该方法使用不同基窗函数均可在主瓣展宽不变、信噪比损失增加低于0.5 dB的前提下,将峰值旁瓣相比凯塞窗降低4 dB以上、相比几种常用窗函数降低7 dB以上。最后,通过多目标的仿真实验验证,相比于不同的基窗函数,改进窗函数非线性组合法具有更优的弱小目标检测能力。     

COMPUTER SIMULATION FOR AN ULTRA-LOW RANGE SIDELOBE PULSE COMPRESSION SCHEME

A canceling range sidelobes scheme has been suggested by Yang Guangzheng, et al.,(1997) this technology is based on the fact that all sidelobe of group correlation function of ideal sets are zero. At first, this paper gives the best ideal sets (i. e. the best biphase code sets whose maximal sidelobe not more than 2) for all code length N≤12, which have been obtained from binary sequences by means of the best codes sieving method suggested by Yang Guangzheng, et al.(1997) Computer simulation for group correlation property of best ideal sets for code length N=12 on various conditions is made. Simulation result shows that the sidelobe level of best ideal set with no weighting is zero, under condition of zero-Doppler shift and has ultra-low sidelobe on Doppler up to 5kHz with no weighting and whose tolerance of phase and amplitude distortion is bigger too.     

一种改进的自适应波束形成技术研究

在阵列信号处理过程中,有限次快拍采样会使得到的自适应波束出现畸变的问题,此时,采用幅度加权来抑制副瓣的效果也不太理想。文中将分析一种基于协方差矩阵非线性变换的自适应波束形成技术,对接收数据协方差矩阵进行非线性变换,然后采用Capon法形成自适应波束。通过仿真,表明该方法具有良好的波束保形能力,信干噪比损失较小,波束经幅度加权后,副瓣高度可降低约10dB。     

Linear array antennas with the minimum root-mean-square sidelobe level

A technique for calculation of the excitation of linear array antennas that ensures the minimum weighted integral level of the sidelobe radiation is described. Different weighting functions are considered, including functions leading to the coincidence of the array radiation patterns with classical orthogonal polynomials. Applicability of this technique to sparse arrays synthesized on the basis of cyclic difference sets is estimated.     

切趾滤波旁瓣抑制技术在合成孔径雷达中的应用

线性调频SAR回波信号经过二维匹配滤波,所得到二维像具有较高的旁瓣电平,虽然通过幅度加权处理可以降低旁瓣电平,但是主瓣的分辨率会降低。该文针对这一问题,探讨了应用切趾滤波技术来抑制线性调频SAR图像的旁瓣电平的优点,并给出了具体的实现步骤。理论分析和仿真表明,在获得相同的峰值旁瓣电平下,与幅度加权旁瓣技术相比,切趾滤波技术可以保持原SAR图像的分辨率。最后,多目标SAR图像的仿真结果验证了切趾滤波技术的优越性。     

线性调频信号主瓣不展宽旁瓣抑制方法

以汉明窗为代表的加权方法在抑制线性调频信号的匹配滤波输出峰值旁瓣的同时展宽主瓣,致使距离分辨力下降。为兼顾旁瓣抑制和高距离分辨力的需求,该文提出一种新的主瓣不展宽旁瓣抑制方法。该方法首先将匹配滤波和加权处理的输出幅度进行归一化处理,然后逐点进行比较,再取各点对应的最小值作为最终的输出数据。该方法兼取了匹配滤波和加权处理的优点,其-3 dB主瓣展宽系数与匹配滤波相比仅为1,而旁瓣抑制性能和对应的加权处理相当。仿真结果和湖上试验验证了该方法的有效性。     

Design of high-performance all-fiber spectral filter with weightedcoupling

Narrow-band and low-sidelobe all-fiber spectral filters are achievable with directional couplers constructed with W-index and step-index fibers. The sidelobe levels can be reduced significantly by properly weighting the coupling strength along the device. We provide numerical simulations in which the different weighting functions are obtained via a variable intercore separation. With a Gaussian function weighting, -38 dB transfer response sidelobes have been obtained, which is more than 29 dB reduction over the uniform coupling case. Some design rules for obtaining filters with desired bandwidths and coupling lengths are also given. These results can be very useful in the design of high-performance all-fiber filters for wavelength multiplexing     

Ultralow sidelobe-level integrated acoustooptic tunable filtersusing tapered-gap surface acoustic wave directional couplers

We propose a new weighted-coupling scheme using tapered-gap surface acoustic wave directional couplers for realization of ultralow sidelobe-level integrated acoustooptic tunable filters (IAOTF's). Appropriate design analysis has been carried out for 30-mm-long filters operating at an optical wavelength of 1.55 μm in an X-cut Y-propagating LiNbO₃ substrate. New synthesized weighting functions have been used for the improvement of sidelobe level suppression over existing single-stage filters by as much as 27 dB. The -20 dB mainlobe width of the resulting IAOTF's varies from 2.7 to 3.9 nm only for the worst sidelobe levels ranging from -30.6 to -44.7 dB, respectively. It has also been shown that further suppression of sidelobe levels by 3-9 dB is possible if the filter is underdriven at 80% mode-conversion efficiency     

相控阵的两级子阵级加权方法研究

研究相控阵雷达的两级子阵级加权方法.其中第1级子阵级加权用于抑制差波束旁瓣,与Bayliss加权相比,降低了硬件成本与复杂度.第2级子阵级加权用于对和、差波束进行自适应干扰抑制.给出基于修正导向向量的方法,可有效抑制自适应方向图的旁瓣;且具有实现简单的优点,与基于预处理的方法相比有效降低了运算代价.采用修正导向向量与最优波束形成器的结合方法,提高了旁瓣抑制的灵活性;可在较好抑制旁瓣的同时,得到与最优波束形成器非常接近的SINR.仿真结果证明了所提出方法的有效性.     

An analytic nonlinear approach to sidelobe reduction

We propose an analytic technique for reducing sidelobe artifacts in synthetic aperture radar data. The technique, called leakage energy minimization (LEM), uses a spatially varying aperture function, the coefficients of which satisfy a simple optimality condition. The integrated sidelobe energy (or leakage energy) characterizing a given aperture weighting function is used as a metric for determining the likelihood of an aperture weighting. When applied to synthetic aperture radar data, the technique can effectively reduce sidelobe levels with negligible loss of resolution. The algorithm is computationally efficient, and its application requires no restrictions on the data sampling rate.     

子阵级相控阵差波束旁瓣抑制新方法

针对采用单脉冲技术的相控阵系统,在子阵级采用数字加权抑制差波束的旁瓣.利用遗传算法优化子阵级加权,构造了加权向量和方向图等两种适应度函数.对只使用一种适应度函数的常规遗传优化方法进行了改进,提出分阶段、多适应度函数的方法:将优化过程分为两个阶段,并分别使用加权向量和方向图参数作为适应度函数.改进方法提高了遗传优化的稳定...     

基于泰勒分布线阵特殊旁瓣技术的研究

提出了基于泰勒加权分布线阵特殊旁瓣要求的设计方法,其波束图是由给定的旁瓣级要求来设计的泰勒分布波束图,在实际需要的特殊旁瓣要求上,设计满足了要求的最窄波束宽度波束图。给出了相应的参数设计,并证明该设计能在要求的最大旁瓣级上获得最大阵增益。借助计算机对线阵进行波束图设计。结果表明,使用该方法设计的波束图能满足特殊旁瓣要求和最大阵增益。     

基于窗函数的非均匀步进频信号设计

针对均匀步进频连续波信号脉冲压缩处理过程中加窗处理抑制旁瓣导致信噪比损失的问题,提出了一种基于窗函数的非均匀步进频信号设计方法。首先根据分辨率和最大作用距离要求设计了步进信号总带宽和步进脉冲数,然后根据旁瓣要求和选择的窗函数设计了非均匀频率步进,最后根据雷达作用范围设计了频率步进量化间隔。该步进频信号呈现中间脉冲步进频率间隔小,两边脉冲步进频率间隔大的特点,在非均匀傅里叶逆变换脉冲压缩处理过程中无须加窗处理即可获得较低旁瓣,避免了加窗处理导致的信噪比损失。点目标仿真结果和实测数据处理结果验证了该非均匀步进频信号设计方法的有效性。      

Comments on `Sidelobe suppression in low and high time-bandwidthproducts of linear FM pulse compression filters' [and reply]

For the original article see ibid., vol.MTT-35, no.9, p.807-11 (1987). K.M. El-Shennaway, et al. computed the sidelobe suppression of linear FM pulse compression filters using Hamming weighting functions. The commenter states that the authors' claim of achieving lower insertion loss in higher time-bandwidth products is wrong, and that the research is itself only a repetition of 20-year-old work. In replying the author maintains the validity of the original claim     

Constrained optimisation technique for general array patternsynthesis

A new technique for controlling the sidelobe level for general array pattern synthesis is presented. The basic idea is to introduce a weighting function to the performance index based on the integral of the power response over the sidelobe regions. This function more heavily weights the array power response further away from the mainlobe, so that in the minimisation of the integral of the weighted power response over the sidelobe regions, very low sidelobes can be achieved. The resulting beam pattern is highly directional. Numerical results show that the proposed technique is very effective for general array geometry sidelobe control design     

任意形状旁瓣波束形成技术研究

在自适应零陷形成的基础上,提出了一种自适应加权算法,用于任意阵型阵列构成具有任意形状旁瓣的波束图,并考虑基元方向性对波束图的影响.给出了实现自适应加权算法的三个步骤,预先设定所需旁瓣形状及旁瓣级,采用循环,最终使旁瓣与预设形状吻合.将该算法用于均匀线阵和抛物线阵,均得到期望的结果,并与道夫-切比雪夫加权作了相应比较.研究表明,基元的方向性对该算法波束形成的影响很小,新算法可以消除基元宽带方向性对波束的影响.     

切角阵副瓣电平遗传算法优化

天线低副瓣性能是相控阵雷达系统的一项重要指标。在高集成度的相控阵雷达系统中,受到空间尺寸的限制,天线阵面会进行切角处理。由于切角的存在,传统泰勒综合法幅度加权得到的远场方向图指标难以达到预期效果。本文对切角阵天线单元计分排序并选取部分单元幅度进行优化,减少了幅度分布优化变量,在约束天线增益的前提下对切角阵幅度分布进行遗传算法优化。暗室实测结果表明,与泰勒幅度加权相比,增益相同情况下阵列天线峰值副瓣电平降低3dB。     

只利用一种模拟加权的子阵级和差波束旁瓣抑制方法

对于采用单脉冲技术的子阵级相控阵雷达系统,需要同时对和、差波束的旁瓣进行抑制。该文研究阵元级只用一种模拟加权,同时结合子阵级数字加权的和、差波束旁瓣抑制方法。通过构造阵列的和、差输出通道,并对假想的位于和、差波束整个旁瓣区域内的干扰进行最优自适应滤波来确定模拟加权。为改善旁瓣抑制效果,子阵级进一步采用数字加权,以逼近常规的Taylor和Bayliss加权。该方法有效地降低了硬件成本与复杂性,并充分利用了数字处理的灵活性。本文纠正了有关文献中求解模拟加权表达式中的错误,并给出了正确形式。仿真结果证明了所提出方法的有效性。     

一种基于SER约束的OFDM系统旁瓣抑制算法

为了抑制正交频分复用(OFDM)系统旁瓣,将自适应功率分配与子载波加权旁瓣抑制算法相结合,提出了一种基于误符号率约束的旁瓣抑制新算法,并分析其全局凸性。为了降低该算法复杂度,采取减少参与旁瓣抑制子载波数的策略,设计了一种次优算法。仿真实验结果表明,同现有的子动波加权(SW)算法相比,新算法具有明显的性能优势,且在相移键控系统(PSK)中不用传递边信息。