孔径径向扫描白光散斑干涉法的研究

提出了一种用于动态研究的新方法-孔径径向扫描白光散斑干涉法,介绍了两孔和直三孔径向扫描器.该方法是一种非接触式的用于动态测量的白光散斑法.分析了孔径径向扫描白光散斑干涉法的基本原理,给出了白光散斑全场滤波分析的平均光强解析式和实验结果.该方法的优点是利用散斑的调频技术能在一张白光散斑图上记录物体的连续动态变形的信息,在全场滤波分时,能将物体动态变形的信息方便地提取出来,得到清晰的全场白光散斑条纹图.直三孔径向扫描法能得到物体在x方向、y方向和45°方向上的变形信息.在实时全场滤波分析观察时,将滤波孔连续地沿径向扫描,可观察到物体连续动态变形的全过程,从而为物体的动态研究提供了一种新方法.     

用于测振的电子散斑剪切干涉术

电子散斑剪切干涉术作为一种高精度全场测量技术,已被广泛应用于无损检测(NDT)、应变分析、振动检测和流场分析等领域．主要分析了电子散斑剪切干涉术在振动检测领域的应用,分析了它利用时间平均法检测振动的原理,并为实现物面振动的大面积检测进行了电子散斑剪切干涉仪光学结构的参数设计,一次可以检测大小为669 mm×502mm的矩形物面．利用计算机模拟产生随机高斯相关表面的高度分布函数及振动散斑剪切条纹图．结果表明电子散斑剪切干涉术用于振动检测．     

数字散斑干涉在振动测量中的应用

在动态测试领域中,数字散斑干涉技术常用到的相位处理方法有时问平均法和空间载波相移法.空间载波相移法因其简单性和实用性,被应用于双脉冲散斑干涉测量中.     

白光散斑法用于混凝土结构变形检验

将ＷＬＳＩ技术横向放大率Ｍ作为可变量，建立由此引起的误差关系，因此，在实际工程测量中可以充分利用成象系统景深扩大测量范围，以２ｍ长砼梁一次成象加以验证，首次获得砼结构的全场变位分布图。     

数字散斑干涉测量流体温度场中的图象处理方法

本文介绍了一种适用于数字散斑干涉测量流体温度场的计算机图象处理方法，主要介绍了以傅立叶变换为基础的低通滤波法在去除散斑图象噪声中的应用，从而提高了散斑干涉图的信噪比，获得了与光学干涉相似的干涉图象。将此法运用于酒精灯火焰散斑干涉图的后续处理上，取得了较好的效果，具有较高的运行效率。     

剪切电子散斑干涉术中消偏振效应的研究

就散射光的偏振性对剪切电子散斑干涉术中的影响进行了研究，文中给出了理论分析及实验结果，得出了消偏振效应不改变计量条纹调制度，但降低光能利用率的结论。     

全视场外差白光干涉测量技术

为了解决传统白光干涉测量技术中对线性位移机构的位移精度要求过高的问题,本文提出了一种全视场外差白光干涉测量技术。该技术主要通过使用存在差频的白光干涉信号作为光源来实现在大扫描步长和低扫描精度条件下相干峰位置的高精度检测。本文首先建立了白光外差干涉的数学模型,再根据数学模型提供的光强信号特性提出了整体系统设计方案,然后对测量方案的可行性进行了实验验证。最后针对多种误差对算法计算精度的影响进行了理论分析和数据对比。误差分析的结果表明:白光外差干涉测量技术提供更高的测量精度和更好的抗干扰性能,有效地降低了传统白光干涉测量对线性位移机构精度的严苛依赖,为光学自由曲面检测技术提供了更多的可选解决方案。     

相移数字散斑干涉计量系统

本建立了一套相移激光数字散斑干涉自动测量系统,运用一系列的图象处理方法,实现了高精度的自动测量,显地提高了数字散斑干涉计量技术的可靠性、实用性及自动化程度。该计量系统被应用于变形、振动等参数的测量中,取得了较为理想的结果。     

频闪白光干涉技术

频闪白光干涉技术（SWLI）能够对被测系统进行动态模式的重建和表征,在微机电系统（MEMS）或微光机电系统（MOEMS）等振动样品测量中具有很高的实用性。传统频闪方法不能预先检测或分析具有单个振动激励源的微结构,而频闪白光干涉技术则解决了这一问题。为了全面了解这一新开发的技术,本文介绍了理论、技术方法和该技术各种应用的实验结果及分析。该技术为MEMS、MOEMS甚至微纳尺度生物体动态行为的重建和分析提供了一种有效的方法。实验结果和分析表明所开发的技术在实际应用中具有良好的可行性和准确性。     

Study of coherence by speckle interferometry

A simple method for studying the time-dependent coherence of laser radiation by speckle interferometry is proposed and tested by experiment. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 7, pp. 25–26, July, 2006.     

白光干涉测量法中蝠翼效应的模拟分析

为探索白光干涉仪在测量矩形台阶时的蝠翼效应误差,建立白光干涉虚拟测量模型.在模型中,考虑白光光源带宽和干涉物镜数值孔径以及圆孔衍射模型的影响,分析蝠翼效应与真实台阶高度、光源中心波长之间的关系.模拟结果表明当台阶高度差是λ0/4的奇数倍时会出现蝠翼效应,且越接近λ0/4的奇数倍,蝠翼效应越显著.关于对蝠翼误差的补偿,分...     

Synchronized reference updating technique for electronic speckle interferometry

In this paper, a video-based speckle interferometric method using a continuous reference updating technique is presented. Unlike conventional ESPI techniques, this methodsynchronizes the optical interferometric detection system with the acoustic stressing of the test object, and includes continuous renewal of the reference image. It is shown that the susceptibility of the method to environmental noise caused by vibration, temperature gradients, or thermal currents is substantially lower than that of conventional techniques. The application of this technique to the detection of defects in adhesively bonded structures is demonstrated.     

Analysis of loaded mandible behaviour using speckle pattern interferometry

Orthognatic surgeons have a requirement for the measurement of stress distribution within the human lower jaw, in order to aid and improve surgical procedures. Validation of finite element modelling data describing mandible behaviour which has previously been attempted using holographic interferometry. Electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI), a whole field non-contact optical technique has been applied to the study of a dry human mandible under load. This technique improves over previous methods by generating discrete quantitative displacement and strain components. The optical analysis of a dry mandible is described, with the results viewed in 'real time' as progressively greater forces were applied on the lower border of the chin, in the upwards (impact) direction with biting boundary conditions included in the experimental model. This has shown that the bone tissue holding the front teeth transmits the forces impacting on the chin, which are absorbed by the basal bone of the mandible.     

Study of adaptive elliptical ideal low-pass filters used for denoising of digital speckle interferograms obtained in phase-shifting digital speckle pattern interferometry

Ideal low-pass filtering methods were studied in detail and adaptive elliptical ideal low-pass filters proposed for the first time. The proposed adaptive elliptical ideal low-pass filters can be used effectively for denoising of digital speckle interferograms obtained in phase-shifting digital speckle pattern interferometry. The shape of adaptive elliptical ideal low-pass filters is determined according to the spectrum distribution of interference fringes by using the adaptive method. Theoretical analysis, simulation calculation, and experimental results are presented, and are in good agreement.     

Electronic speckle pattern interferometry on a microscopic scale

An electronic speckle pattern interferometer that incorporates a commercial, long-working-distance microscope is described which provides new opportunities to perform nondestructive inspection for applications in fields such as microelectronics. The long-working-distance microscrope was attached directly to the CCD camera to form a compact, portable system with a field of view that was variable over several mm in width. Alignment was greatly simplified because the skewed Michelson interferometer configuration used a speckled reference beam imaged from a diffusely reflecting reference surface that was positioned adjacent to the test object. To demonstrate the performance of the micro-ESPI instrument, fringe patterns were recorded for the quasi-static cantilever deflection of a 1 mm-wide interconnect clip from an electronics socket.     

Random speckle modulation technique for laser interferometry

In spite of its obvious advantages over conventional contact and immersion techniques, laser interferometry has not yet become a practical tool in ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation since its sensitivity is insufficient in most practical applications. Part of the problem is that the maximum signal-to-noise ratio often cited in scientific publications and manufacturers' specifications cannot be maintained on ordinary diffusely reflecting surfaces. Although these surfaces reflect a fair amount (5–50%) of the incident laser light, this energy is randomly distributed among a large number of bright speckles. Unless the detector happens to see one of these bright speckles, the interferometer's signal-to-noise ratio will be much lower than the optimum. This adverse effect is almost completely eliminated by the suggested random speckle modulation technique. The conventional interferometric technique was modified to assure random occurrence of a few very bright speckles and to move the whole speckle pattern around at an appropriate speed. Random but frequent bright flashes detected from the surface of the specimen resulted. The bright periods are 0.1 ms or longer, sufficient to trigger the ultrasonic pulser and detect the transmitted signals before the flash subsides. As much as 5–10 times improvement of the optical sensitivity was achieved by this novel approach and close to maximum signal-to-noise ratio was maintained everywhere on the surface of a diffuse object.     

Denoising in digital speckle pattern interferometry using fast discrete curvelet transform

In digital speckle pattern interferometry, the denoising of speckle fringe patterns is of vital importance for quantitative extraction of phase distribution. A filtering method of fast discrete curvelet transform based on weighted average thresholding technique is proposed in this paper for noise removal in speckle fringe patterns. Both computer-simulated and experimental digital speckle pattern interferometry fringe patterns are adopted to evaluate the performance of the proposed filtering method. In addition, a widely used and representative filtering method, windowed Fourier filter, is introduced for making a comparison and validation in the image processing effect, and the parameter of peak signal noise ratio is also used for assessment of denoising effect. It is shown from the filtered results that the filtering method of fast discrete curvelet transform is effecitve to remove speckle noises and simultaneously preserve fringe structure information.     

Improved white-light interferometry on rough surfaces by statistically independent speckle patterns

White-light interferometry (WLI) on rough surfaces is based on interference from individual speckles. The measurement uncertainty of WLI is limited by a random shift of these individual interference patterns. The statistical error in each measurement point depends on the brightness of the corresponding speckle: a dark speckle yields a larger error than a bright speckle. In this paper, a novel method is presented to reduce the measurement uncertainty significantly: by sequentially switching the direction of the illumination, the camera sees several independent speckle patterns in sequence. From each pattern, the brightest speckles are selected to eventually calculate an accurate height map. This height map displays no outliers, and the measured surface roughness is close to the stylus measurements.