强化AB法的脱氮除磷功能研究

针对AB法的运行特点及在脱氮除磷方面的局限性，采用了外加碳源，间歇曝气等措施来强化AB法的脱氮除磷功能，小试结果表明，仅利用厂内碳源（即将A段部分污泥回流到间歇曝气池）仍不能实现满意的除磷效果，同时从厂外引入碳源（投加乙酸钠或引入高浓度啤酒废水）则系统的脱氮除磷效果将有较大的改善。     

AB法及其除磷脱氮的探讨

介绍了AB的工艺流程并对AB法中的除磷、脱氮进行了探讨。     

污水处理厂AB法工艺改造方案的探讨

针对某污水处理厂AB法工艺改造的目标,分析了AB法工艺的局限性,结合该污水处理厂AB法工程的现有设施,从技术上探讨了4种具有脱氮除磷功能的工艺改造方案的可行性,并得到了适合于该污水处理厂AB法工艺改造的方案.     

乌鲁木齐河东污水厂的脱氮除磷运行效果分析

对乌鲁木齐河东污水处理厂AB工艺的实际脱氮除磷效果进行了监测分析。结果表明：AB工艺处理鸟鲁木齐城市污水的除磷效果优于脱氮效果，对TP的去除率平均为80％；A段对TN的去除率平均为44．7％，经过B段后NH4^＋—N含量升高，使AB工艺对TN的总去除率降至35．7％左右。A段厌氧污泥进入B段可以取得稳定的除磷效果，去除率平均为96．2％；B段污泥进入A段对AB工艺的脱氮除磷效果没有产生明显影响。B段出现NH4^＋-N升高的主要原因是该段的水力停留时间未达到硝化所需时间的要求。     

生物脱氮除磷工艺技术和发展趋势研究

系统地概述了废水生物脱氮除磷的机理,分析了城市污水生物脱氮除磷的成熟工艺技术,阐明A2/O系列、SBR系列和氧化沟系列的工艺流程和脱氮除磷的作用,探讨了城市污水生物脱氮除磷技术在碳源需求、短程生物脱氮和反硝化聚磷菌等方面的发展趋势.     

生物脱氮除磷工艺技术和发展趋势研究

系统地概述了废水生物脱氮除磷的机理,分析了城市污水生物脱氮除磷的成熟工艺技术,阐明A2／O系列、SBR系列和氧化沟系列的工艺流程和脱氮除磷的作用,探讨了城市污水生物脱氮除磷技术在碳源需求、短程生物脱氮和反硝化聚磷菌等方面的发展趋势。     

从微生物学探讨生物除磷脱氮机理

从微生物学探讨生物除磷脱氮机理陈欣燕程晓如陈忠正（武汉工业大学）从微生物学方面探讨生物除磷脱氮法的机理，将有助于采取合理措施提高生物除磷脱氮的效率。生物除磷脱氮系统只有一个污泥系统，同时存在着分解有机物的异养菌群、反硝化菌群及硝化菌群，混合的微生物菌...     

生物滤池脱氮除磷研究进展

主要介绍了近年来国内外在生物滤池脱氮除磷方面的研究进展,具体阐述了生物滤池硝化一反硝化工艺的影响因素、短程脱氮、除磷以及同步脱氮除磷方面的最新研究进展。同时指出,进一步改进与优化滤池工艺及提高生物滤池脱氮除磷效果是今后的重点研究内容。     

城市污水生物除磷脱氮机理研究探讨

目前，城市污水处理厂的处理对象包括BOD5、SS和氮、磷等营养物质。就脱氮与除磷而言，由于各自过程的要求不同，二者之间存在一定的矛盾关系。讨论了城市污水生物除磷脱氮的基本原理，综述了城市污水脱氮除磷机理方面的研究现状和进展。分析了脱氮与除磷二者之间的矛盾关系，在此基础之上对磷氮磷合并去除工艺进行了比较，并对以后开展这方面的研究提出了展望。     

污水处理生物脱氮除磷工艺新技术及发展趋势

系统地阐述了废水生物脱氮除磷的机理,介绍了城市污水生物脱氮除磷新工艺,探讨了城市污水生物脱氮除磷技术的发展趋势,以促进生物脱氮除磷工艺在污水处理行业的推广应用。     

新型UniFed SBR生物除磷脱氮工艺

介绍了新型UniFed SBR工艺的运行方式、在除磷脱氮方面的特点及其在实际污水处理厂的应用实例.其特点是在SBR运行周期的沉淀和排水阶段,将进水均匀地引入沉淀污泥层,以取得反硝化和厌氧放磷所需的适宜条件.与复杂的连续流生物脱氮除磷工艺相比,该工艺采用单池运行,不需物理分区和污泥回流即可达到较高的除磷脱氮效率,还可减少基建投资.     

三沟式氧化沟工艺数学模拟的反应器构建方法

为研究三沟式氧化沟工艺的数学模拟方法,提出了两种反应器构建方案,即用串联的完全混合反应器体现推流与混合特性的A方案和用序批式反应器体现序批特性的B方案。静态模拟结果表明,两方案对COD及总磷的平均去除率的模拟值与实测值的差值均小于1%,模拟结果与实测结果基本吻合;但A方案对氨氮与总氮的平均去除率的模拟值和实测值的差值均大于10%,模拟效果较差,而B方案对氨氮与总氮的平均去除率的模拟值和实测值的差值分别为0.6%和2.3%,模拟效果较好。采用B方案对三沟式氧化沟工艺进行动态模拟,结果表明对COD、总磷、氨氮和总氮的平均去除率的模拟值与实测值分别仅相差0.2%、1.7%、1.3%和0.6%,模拟结果与实测结果基本吻合,再次证明了B方案模拟三沟式氧化沟工艺的可行性。     

交替式缺氧/厌氧膜生物反应器的脱氮除磷效能

开发出一种交替式缺氧／厌氧膜生物反应器（AAAM）的脱氮除磷工艺。该工艺由一个交替的缺氧／厌氧反应区扣一个连续曝气的好氧区组成，通过改变好氧区回流混合液的流向使缺氧和厌氧环境在两个单独的反应器（A和B）内交替形成，以实现同步缺氧反硝化、厌氧释磷及反硝化聚磷菌的部分吸磷过程。中空纤维微滤膜置于好氧区，该区采用连续曝气方式实现硝化、过量吸磷及对膜污染的控制。试验结果表明：AAAM工艺能够高效去除营养物，对COD、总氮、总磷的平均去除率分别为93％、67．4％和94．1％。     

MAP法处理高氨氮废水的影响因素研究

采用磷酸铵镁沉淀法处理高氨氮废水,考察了pH、反应温度、反应时间以及镁盐和磷盐沉淀剂与氨氮的配比等因素对去除氨氮的影响.结果表明,在pH值为10、Mg:N:P(物质的量之比)=1.1:1.0:1.3、温度为18～30 ℃的条件下,自动搅拌、反应并沉淀20 min,氨氮浓度可由1 000 mg/L降到76 mg/L,去除率高达92.4%,为后续生化处理奠定了基础.     

Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphate removal in aerobic granular sludge reactors operated at different temperatures

The main biological conversions taking place in two lab-scale aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactors were evaluated. Reactors were operated at different temperatures (20 and 30 °C) and accomplished simultaneous COD, nitrogen and phosphate removal. Nitrogen and phosphate conversions were linked to the microbial community structure as assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Anoxic tests were performed to evaluate the contribution of anoxic phosphate uptake to the overall phosphate removal and to clarify the denitrification pathway. Complete nitrification/denitrification and phosphate removal were achieved in both systems. A considerable fraction of the phosphate removal was coupled to denitrification (denitrifying dephosphatation). From the results obtained in anoxic batch experiments dosing either nitrite or nitrate, denitrification was proposed to proceed mainly via the nitrate pathway. Denitrifying glycogen-accumulating organisms (DGAOs) were observed to be the main organisms responsible for the reduction of nitrate to nitrite. A significant fraction of the nitrite was further reduced to nitrogen gas while being used as electron acceptor by denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAO clade II) for anoxic phosphate uptake.     

基于径流污染控制的生物滞留设施填料优化研究

为实现对径流污染的有效控制,对生物滞留设施种植土层之下的人工填料层组成优化进行了系统性研究,在静态条件下考察了9组填料对氮磷营养物的吸附性能。结果显示,蛭石和沸石对氨氮的吸附性能较好,对氨氮的吸附量分别为3.7和3.2 mg/g,并且粒径越小,吸附性能越好;蛭石和麦饭石对磷酸盐的去除效果较好,磷酸盐去除量分别为0.13和0.1 mg/g。由此筛选出对污染物净化效果较好的1~3 mm沸石和蛭石、2~3 mm麦饭石作为去除污染物的功能性填料。动态水力循环试验显示,相同体积的蛭石和沸石对氨氮的吸附效果接近,水力停留时间(HRT)为60 min时,对氨氮的去除率均接近100%,此时麦饭石对氨氮的去除率为93%。对磷酸盐吸附效果的优劣排序为蛭石>麦饭石>沸石,当HRT为60 min时,对磷酸盐的去除率分别为78.8%、53%和19.7%。填料掺混体积比为沸石∶蛭石∶麦饭石∶砂=3∶7∶1∶6的组合系统对氨氮、磷酸盐和COD的去除效果最好,且下覆5 cm砂层有利于降低出水颗粒物导致的浊度。在此填料配比条件下,当填料层厚度在30~50 cm之间时,对氮、磷和COD的综合去除效果最好。     

Potential phosphorus recovery in a WWTP with the BCFS process: interactions with the biological process

The BCFS process was developed to optimize the activity of denitrifying and P-removing bacteria. In this technology in combination with optimal operating conditions for biological nitrogen removal, chemical precipitation of phosphorus is used to ensure compliance with effluent standards regarding phosphorus. This work addresses the potential of the BCFS technology for phosphorus recovery and the interactions with the biological process. The TUD model calibrated for the Hardenberg WWTP was used. Nitrification was the biological process most influenced by the P stripper operation; however, further research is needed into the effect of limiting phosphate concentrations. Phosphate removal in the anaerobic reactor causes a decrease in the sludge poly-P content. The evaluation of the process operation under dynamic conditions showed that the P stripper use for phosphate recovery does not imply complicated control strategies. The use of the BCFS for phosphate recovery implies a change in the design philosophy not only to achieve the effluent requirements but also to maximize the anaerobic phosphate release and thereby recovery.     

污泥减量工艺:HA-A/A-MCO的好氧脱氮机制分析

针对污泥减量技术存在对氮、磷去除能力低的问题,开发了一种具有强化脱氮除磷功能并可实现污泥减量化的HA-A/A-MCO工艺。在该工艺取得同步脱氮除磷和污泥减量优异效果的条件下,采用其处理校园生活污水,当进水TN平均为47 mg/L时,出水TN为10.9 mg/L,系统的总脱氮率为76.8%,其中好氧脱氮量占总脱氮量的50%,缺氧脱氮量占26%;HA-A/A-MCO系统存在着在好氧条件下具有反硝化能力的菌属,对好氧脱氮有一定贡献,且DO浓度对其反硝化能力没有抑制作用;好氧池中的DO浓度梯度有利于在污泥絮体内形成缺氧环境,从而促进同步硝化反硝化(SND)的发生,但减小污泥絮体尺寸会削弱絮体内部缺氧区域比例、降低SND的脱氮效率。     

Soil aquifer treatment of artificial wastewater under saturated conditions

A 2000 mm long saturated laboratory soil column was used to simulate soil aquifer treatment under saturated conditions to assess the removal of chemical and biochemical oxygen demand (COD and BOD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen and phosphate, using high strength artificial wastewater. The removal rates were determined under a combination of constant hydraulic loading rates (HLR) and variable COD concentrations as well as variable HLR under a constant COD. Within the range of COD concentrations considered (42 mg L⁻¹-135 mg L⁻¹) it was found that at fixed hydraulic loading rate, a decrease in the influent concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen and phosphate improved their removal efficiencies. At the high COD concentrations applied residence times influenced the redox conditions in the soil column. Long residence times were detrimental to the removal process for COD, BOD and DOC as anoxic processes and sulphate reduction played an important role as electron acceptors. It was found that total COD mass loading within the range of 911 mg d⁻¹-1780 mg d⁻¹ applied as low COD wastewater infiltrated coupled with short residence times would provide better effluent quality than the same mass applied as a COD with higher concentration at long residence times. The opposite was true for organic nitrogen where relatively high concentrations coupled with long residence time gave better removal efficiency.