德国低收入家庭及公务员的住房保障政策

实现“住有所居”并不是要求做到人人有房产,德国城市住房自有率不到20％,80％以上的家庭靠租房居住。德国通过推动住房建设、实施住房保障政策,解决低收入家庭及公务员的住房问题。     

宁波北仑区中低收入家庭住房现状研究

住房问题是尤其是中低收入家庭的住房问题是一个事关社会安全与稳定的问题,为城镇中低收入家庭提供住房保障是解决该阶层住房问题的基本途径。本文立足北仑地区的实际情况,通过对区内中低收入家庭住房现状进行阐述与分析,期望为我区住房保障建设提出建议与措施。     

拓展城市中低收入家庭住房保障路径探析

国家有关部委和各地政府纷纷出台了被认同为以经济适用房、廉租房为主要形式的城市住房保障制度,以保障城市中低收入家庭的住房权利,维护社会公平和稳定。然而,这一旨在维护社会公平的住房政策却出现了诸多问题,不断成为社会争议的焦点。     

上海市中低收入家庭的住房承受能力与城市居住问题

针对目前上海中低收入家庭面临的居住困难,运用统计分析与理论分析相结合的方法,对城市居住结构中存在的问题进行了剖析,并提出了相应的建议,对我国大型城市面临的相关问题也有借鉴意义。     

住房保障司司长侯淅珉:加快解决城市低收入家庭住房困难

住房和城乡建设部主要职责的第一项就是"承担保障城镇低收入家庭住房的责任.拟订住房保障相关政策并指导实施.拟订廉租住房规划及政策,会同有关部门做好中央廉租住房资金安排,监督地方组织实施.编制住房保障发展规划和年度计划并监督实施."     

新住房保障政策让成都低收入家庭安居乐业

胡锦涛同志在中共中央十七大报告的第八部分提出“努力使全体人民学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居。”同时还提出：“健全廉租房制度，加快解决城市低收入家庭住房困难。”这是在全国党代表大会报告中首次专门提及住房保障制度，更是第一次谈到保障方式和保障对象，足以证明党中央对“安居”这一民生问题的高度重视，体现了党中央“以民为本”的思想，     

创新住房公积金制度，重点向中低收入家庭倾斜

调整制度设计,让住房公积金在住房保障中发挥更大作用。 只有住房公积金增值收益的使用不脱离住房保障的宗旨,始终围绕全社会的住房保障事业来展开,住房公积金制度才会呈现更加持久和旺盛的生命力。     

日本的公共住宅政策及住房保障制度

二次世界大战后,随着曰本经济的发展,日本政府逐渐认识到需确立长期住宅供给体制的必要性.经过几十年的不断实践和发展完善,日本逐渐形成了符合其基本国情、重视中低收入家庭的住房改善及住房保障制度和完善的住房发展规划.在解决中低收入阶层的居住需求方面取得了显著成绩,积累了宝贵的经验.     

建立三级住房保障体系实现低收入家庭应保尽保

高度重视,把解决群众住房困难作为一项重要的政府职能来抓北京市近年来通过实施经济适用住房政策,解决了19万户居民住房;全面     

住房保障规模主要影响因素分析

在社会主义市场经济的背景下,我国政府的住房政策应有三大任务:宏观调控、市场监管和住房保障.政府在具体落实住房保障这一大任务时,就是为了弥补住房市场的不足,为中低收入家庭提供基本的住房保障.     

Florida's Planning Requirements and Affordability for Low-Income Households

Growth management states in the USA, such as Florida, Oregon, and Washington, require their local jurisdictions to plan for an adequate supply of housing for all current and future residents, including low-income households. This research uses regression analysis to test the relationship between the strength of local comprehensive plans toward affordable housing and subsequent changes in housing affordability for low-income households. Semi-structured interviews with local planners about their perceptions of the efficacy of local plans provide insight into the quantitative findings. The initial plans passed after Florida's Growth Management Act were not associated with subsequent changes in housing affordability, but more recent plans were. Planners in a number of jurisdictions indicated that Florida's planning mandate increased awareness among public officials of affordable housing issues and the tools available to address them, despite the state's weak oversight.     

加拿大多伦多市低收入者住房保障政策

加拿大多伦多市具有较多的低收入者,加拿大为解决这些居民的住房问题,制定了一系列住房保障政策。文章详述了加拿大多伦多市的几种建房援助计划,以供我国政府解决低收入者的住房问题提供参考。     

中低收入者住宅的有效节能设计途径

文章主要从住区规划和建筑设计的角度，阐述了中低收入者住宅节能的必要性、研究策略及技术措施，旨在为今后的经济适用房设计和建设提供有效和简易经济的节能措施。     

住宅政策与创新

住宅政策改革关系到亿万城市居民的切身利益,在中国改革开放进程中有着举足轻重的地位.在经济全球化趋势继续增强的背景下,城市发展面临新的机遇和挑战.公共管理者需要从政策创新的视角对住宅改革政策深入探讨,以保持和发展改革的成果,并对未来国家公共政策的走向作出选择.     

Constructing Homeownership Policy: Social Constructions and the Design of the Low-Income Homeownership Policy Objective

This paper offers a new perspective to explain how and why the U.S. federal government pursued a policy agenda that from the early-1990s promoted homeownership as the preferred housing tenure of choice for low-income households. Using policy design theory (Schneider &; Ingram 1997 Schneider, A. L. and Ingram, H. M. 1997. Policy Design for Democracy, Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.  [Google Scholar]), this paper argues that the social constructions of homeownership, low-income households, and the private mortgage industry were instrumental in the development of policies to increase low-income homeownership. The benefits associated with homeownership, based on long-standing norms around success, stability, and the American Dream, justified government interventions to increase access to private mortgage markets for low-income households. This policy stance, however, did nothing to assist households with maintaining homeownership for the long term. The social constructions embedded in the rationales and implementation of these policies contributed to their failure to sustain homeownership and realize its benefits for low-income homeowners.     

新一轮房地产调控中的住房政策及其效果分析

为了解政府对住房市场宏观调控采取政策的执行效果,采用定性分析的方法对住房市场宏观调控中的金融、房贷和土地政策进行分析。在梳理总结各类政策的基础上,分析政策出台规律、政策实施效果以及造成市场现状的根源及深层次原因。结合政策特点和问题根源,提出相应的政策建议改善住房市场调控现状,建立住房市场宏观调控的长效机制。     

保障性住房融资中运用REITs 的探讨

目前我国保障性住房面临着资金瓶颈问题,这是制约保障性住房供给的重要因素之一,借鉴房地产投资信托基金（REITs）有助于解决这一问题。文章借鉴中国香港、美国和新加坡等国家的REITs 运作经验,探讨了在我国保障性住房建设中运用REITs 的可能性和条件,以及运作模式。在此基础上分析了在我国金融和房地产市场现状下发展保障性住房REITs 存在的问题,提出了相应的对策。     

北京市保障房规划设计初探

近年来,随着北京市加大在保障房建设中的力度,诸如如何实现保障房的最佳利用、如何满足不同层次不同年龄家庭日常居住需求等最新出现的难题就亟待解决。本文结合历年来北京住房保障建设经验,寻求应如何合理解决问题的方法。     

Rethinking Federal Housing Policy

Problem: Federal housing policy is made up of disparate programs that a) promote homeownership; b) assist low-income renters’ access to good-quality, affordable housing; and c) enforce the Fair Housing Act by combating residential discrimination. Some of these programs are ineffective, others have drifted from their initial purpose, and none are well coordinated with each other.

Purpose: We examine the trends, summarize the research evaluating the performance of these programs, and suggest steps to make them more effective and connected to each other.

Methods: We review the history of housing policy and programs and empirical studies of program effectiveness to identify a set of best principles and practices.

Results and conclusions: In the area of homeownership, we recommend that the federal government help the nation's housing markets quickly find bottom, privatize aspects of the secondary mortgage market, and move to eliminate the mortgage interest deduction and replace it with a 10-year homeownership tax credit. In the area of subsidized rental housing, we recommend that the current system of vouchers be regionalized (or alternatively, converted into an entitlement program that works through the income tax system), sell public housing projects to nonprofit sponsors where appropriate, and eliminate some of the rigidities in the Low Income Housing Tax Credit program. In the area of fair housing, we recommend that communities receiving Community Development Block Grants be required to implement inclusionary zoning programs.

Takeaway for practice: In general, we recommend that federal policy build on proven programs; focus on providing affordable housing for low- and moderate-income families and provide the funding to meet that goal; avoid grandiose and ideological ambitions and programs; use fewer and more coordinated programs; offer tax credits, not tax deductions; and promote residential filtering.

Research support: Partial funding support was provided by the National Science Foundation.     

城市不同收入家庭住房支付能力研究

住房支付能力度量方法分为比率法和剩余收入法.基于我国住房供应体系,构建了剩余收入法方法论框架,定义了住房支付能力、首付款支付能力、还款(或租金)支付能力等概念.并以2005年我国城市不同收入家庭为实例进行了分析,得出如下结论:低收入到中等收入家庭住房供应不足;低收入家庭对经济波动极为敏感,购房风险大于高收入家庭;低收入以下家庭住房保障有收入扶持和住房补贴两种方式;贷款期限延长,可支付购房家庭比例增加;降低住房面积可缓解我国城市土地开发压力,增加住房覆盖面,提高家庭住房支付能力.本文构建的剩余收入法方法论框架可用于研究不同城市不同收入家庭住房支付能力.