4032 ppi High‐resolution OLED microdisplay

A 0.5‐inch Ultra Extended Graphics Array (UXGA) organic light‐emitting diodes microdisplay has been developed with 6.3 μm pixel pitch. Not only 4032 ppi high resolution but high frame rate, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, and high luminance have been achieved. This newly developed organic light‐emitting diodes microdisplay is suitable for Near‐to‐Eye display applications, especially electronic viewfinders.     

Current manufacturing technologies for TFT‐LCDs

Abstract— TFT‐LCD panels for notebook‐PC applications requires a thin and light form factor, low power consumption, and good display quality, whereas the desktop monitor has different requirements such as large panel size, wide viewing angle, high resolution, brightness, etc. However, for the fifth‐generation of mass production, current panel technologies have to improve in order to cope with these requirements. In this article, various approaches to the manufacturing technologies of next‐generation TFT‐LCDs are discussed.     

High‐resolution autostereoscopic 3‐D projection display with a space‐dividing iris‐plane shutter

Abstract— A high‐resolution autostereoscopic 3‐D projection display with a polarization‐control space dividing the iris‐plane liquid‐crystal shutter is proposed. The polarization‐control iris‐plane shutter can control the direction of stereo images without reducing the image quality of the microdis‐play. This autostereoscopic 3‐D projection display is 2‐D/3‐D switchable and has a high resolution and high luminance. In addition, it has no cross‐talk between the left and right viewing zones, a simple structure, and the capability to show multi‐view images.     

ALIS method for high‐resolution color PDPs

This paper describes the Alternate Lighting of Surfaces (ALIS) method as a promising drive technology which can lead to high‐resolution plasma‐display panels (PDPs). This technology provides a resolution of more than 1000 scanning lines without lowering luminance, thus enabling the essential requirements of HDTV. Moreover, it allows the number of scanning electrodes to be halved in comparison with the conventional method, as well as the circuit scale to be minimized due to the use of the single scanning drive. The ALIS method is expected to be a key technology that will help PDPs penetrate the TV market.     

Discharge efficiency of a 25‐in. high‐resolution SMPDP

Abstract— A novel round subpixel and triangle‐arrangement shadow‐mask plasma‐display panel (SMPDP) suitable for high‐resolution displays has been investigated. The discharge efficiency of this high‐resolution SMPDP and the AC coplanar PDP (ACCPDP) has been calculated separately. The variance of the discharge efficiency with pressure and xenon content will be reported. Results indicate that the SMPDP can reach a higher efficiency for high‐resolution displays than conventional ACCPDPs.     

Voltage‐programming method with transimpedance‐feedback technique for threshold voltage and mobility compensations in large‐area high‐resolution AMOLED displays

Abstract— A voltage‐programming method with transimpedance‐feedback control technique is proposed for compensating threshold voltage and mobility variations of driving thin‐film transistors (TFTs) in large‐area high‐resolution polycrystalline‐silicon (poly‐Si) active‐matrix organic light‐emitting‐diode (AMOLED) displays. Those electrical characteristic variations of TFTs throughout a large‐area high‐resolution panel result in picture‐quality non‐uniformity of AMOLED displays. The simulation and experimental results of the proposed method show that the maximum emission‐current error for 30‐in. full‐high‐definition television (HDTV) applications is less than 1.9% when the mobility variation and the threshold‐voltage variation are ±12.5% and ±0.3 V, respectively. The proposed method is the best programming method for large‐area high‐resolution AMOLEDs among the published methods.     

Pixel‐level data‐line multiplexing for low‐cost/high‐resolution AMLCDs

Abstract— We propose a novel data‐line multiplexing technique for low‐cost/high‐resolution active‐matrix liquid‐crystal displays (AMLCDs). This scheme reduces the number of data lines and driver chips required by one‐half without enormous multiplexing circuits. Another advantage of applying this technique is the reduction in power consumption. We demonstrated the technical feasibility of this method with application prototypes up to 15‐in. SXGA+ (1400 × 1050 pixels) AMLCDs with amorphous‐silicon (a‐Si) thin‐film‐transistor (TFT) technology. In this paper, we provide an explanation of the addressing mechanism in detail and clarify the feasibility with further technical discussion.     

Pixel structures using the negative feedback method for high‐resolution active matrix organic light‐emitting diode displays

Novel two pixel structures are proposed for high‐resolution active matrix organic light‐emitting diode displays. The proposed two pixels (pixel structures A and B) use the negative feedback method for high‐resolution displays that requires to have small‐sized storage capacitance. The proposed pixel structures A and B improve the luminance uniformity by reducing the voltage distortion in the storage capacitor. However, the proposed pixel structure A is vulnerable to the organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) degradation because the anode voltage of the OLED affects the emission current. In order to compensate the OLED degradation, the proposed pixel structure B stores the turn‐on voltage of OLEDs in the storage capacitor. The simulation results show that the emission current error of the proposed pixel structure B is improved by four times in comparison with the proposed pixel structure A when the OLED turn‐on voltage increases by 0.1 V. Also, the emission current error of the proposed pixel structure B when the threshold voltage of driving thin‐film transistors varies from ?2.2 to ?1.8 V is from ?0.69 least significant bit (LSB) to 0.13 LSB, which shows the excellent luminance uniformity. The proposed pixels are designed for 5.5‐in. full high‐definition displays.     

A 470 × 235‐ppi poly‐Si TFT‐LCD for high‐resolution 2‐D and 3‐D autostereoscopic displays

Abstract— We have developed a 470 × 235‐ppi poly‐Si TFT‐LCD with a novel pixel arrangement, called HDDP (horizontally double‐density pixels), for high‐resolution 2‐D and 3‐D autostereoscopic displays. 3‐D image quality is especially high in a lenticular‐lens‐equipped 3‐D mode because both the horizontal and vertical resolutions are high, and because these resolutions are equal. 3‐D and 2‐D images can be displayed simultaneously in the same picture. In addition, 3‐D images can be displayed anywhere and 2‐D characters can be made to appear at different depths with perfect legibility. No switching of 2‐D/3‐D modes is necessary, and the design's thin and uncomplicated structure makes it especially suitable for mobile terminals.     

Vertically integrated,double stack oxide TFT layers for high‐resolution AMOLED backplane

We developed a novel vertically integrated, double stack oxide thin‐film transistor (TFT) backplane for high‐resolution organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) displays. The first TFT layer is bulk‐accumulation mode, and the second TFT layer is a single gate with back‐channel etched structure. The extracted mobilities and threshold voltages are higher than 10 cm²/Vs and 0 ~ 1 V, respectively. Both TFTs are found to be extremely stable under the bias and temperature stress. The gate driver with width of 530 μm and a pitch of 18.6 μm was developed, exhibiting well shifted signal up to the last stage of 900 stages without output degradation, which could be used for 1360 ppi TFT backplane.     

Ultra‐high‐resolution 1058‐ppi OLED displays with 2.78‐in size using CAAC‐IGZO FETs with tandem OLED device and single OLED device

We fabricated new 2.78‐in 1058‐ppi organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) displays. The displays used OLED devices with a tandem structure and a single structure and a field effect transistor (FET) using c‐axis aligned crystalline In–Ga–Zn–O (CAAC‐IGZO) for an active layer and employing the 1.5‐µm rule over a glass substrate. Even in the displays with such high resolution exceeding 1000 ppi, crosstalk that was observed in the lower luminance region was suppressed. The displays achieved high color reproducibility and reduced viewing angle dependence.     

Toward high‐resolution,inkjet‐printed,quantum dot light‐emitting diodes for next‐generation displays

We have investigated the possibility of fabricating quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) using inkjet printing technology, which is the most attractive method for the full‐color patterning of QLED displays. By controlling the quantum dot (QD) ink formulation and inkjet printing condition, we successfully patterned QLED pixels in the 60‐in ultrahigh definition TV format, which has a resolution of 73 pixels per inch. The inkjet‐printed QLEDs exhibited a maximum luminance of 2500 cd/m². Although the performance of inkjet‐printed QLEDs is low compared with that of QLEDs fabricated using the spin‐coating process, our results clearly indicate that the inkjet printing technology is suitable for patterning QD emissive layers to realize high‐resolution, full‐color QLED displays.     

High‐resolution 360 Video Foveated Stitching for Real‐time VR

In virtual reality (VR) applications, the contents are usually generated by creating a 360° Video panorama of a real‐world scene. Although many capture devices are being released, getting high‐resolution panoramas and displaying a virtual world in real‐time remains challenging due to its computationally demanding nature. In this paper, we propose a real‐time 360° Video foveated stitching framework, that renders the entire scene in different level of detail, aiming to create a high‐resolution panoramic Video in real‐time that can be streamed directly to the client. Our foveated stitching algorithm takes Videos from multiple cameras as input, combined with measurements of human visual attention (i.e. the acuity map and the saliency map), can greatly reduce the number of pixels to be processed. We further parallelize the algorithm using GPU to achieve a responsive interface and validate our results via a user study. Our system accelerates graphics computation by a factor of 6 on a Google Cardboard display.     

A 25‐in. SMPDP with fine pitch and high resolution

Abstract— A 25‐in. SMPDP with fine pitch and high resolution has recently been developed as a succession of the 34‐in. SMPDP, which had been exhibited at ASID '04. SMPDP was regarded as a hopeful low‐cost PDP solution. The new pitch size of 0.66 mm realized an SVGA resolution on this 25‐in. SMPDP, and it also promises HDTV‐resolution compatibility for a 42‐in. SMPDP. The discharge cell has been re‐designed and the delta‐type arrangement of discharge cells has been applied, which provides more display area and facilitates the panel fabrication as well. Other modifications, such as the bus‐electrode structure and the alternatives of the glass material for substrates, have been tested. A peak luminance of 500 cd/m² and a total power consumption of 100 W has been achieved for the 25‐in. SMPDP sample.     

A portable driving system for high‐resolution active matrix electrowetting display based on FPGA

How to display pictures and even videos on electrowetting displays (EWDs) still needs improvement. Therefore, we seek to develop a robust, portable and scalable system for the realization of high‐resolution EWDs. In this paper, a driving system for an 8 inch active matrix electrowetting display (AM‐EWD) based on a Field‐Programmable‐Gate‐Array (FPGA) is proposed, where the key components are an active matrix backplane, an FPGA driving waveform and driver integrated circuits (ICs). We successfully demonstrate an AM‐EWD with 1024×768 resolution and 16‐level gray‐scale realized by unique dynamic and asymmetric sub‐frame of FPGA. The whole system is just powered by a 3.7V 1100mAH lithium battery. Such a system has not been reported before, also well‐suited for transferring to a higher performance portable EWD in the future.     

High resolution photolithography for direct view active matrix organic light‐emitting diode augmented reality displays

High‐resolution RGB organic light‐emitting diode frontplane is a key enabler for direct‐view transparent augmented reality displays. In this paper, we demonstrate 1250 ppi passive displays and semi‐transparent active displays. Organic light‐emitting diode photolithography can provide pixel density above 1000 ppi while keeping effective emission area high because of high aperture ratio. Patterns with 2 μm line pitch were successfully transferred to emission layers, indicating possible further pixel density scaling. Lifetime after patterning, key parameter enabling industrialization, is above 150 h (T90 at 1000 nit).     

带通采样在高分辨率图像声纳中的应用

介绍了带通采样技术在高分辨率图像声纳中的应用;首先阐述了带通采样定理以及采样率的选取原则,然后从多波束图像声纳的原理出发,给出了基于带通采样的数字波束形成方法;仿真和湖上试验表明了这种方法的可行性以及工程实现的有效性。     

A multi‐resolution multi‐classifier system for speaker verification

This paper describes a Speaker Verification System based on the use of multi resolution classifiers in order to cope with performance degradation due to natural variations of the excitation source and of the vocal tract. The different resolution representations of the speaker are obtained by considering multiple frame lengths in the feature extraction process and from these representations a single Pseudo‐Multi Parallel Branch (P‐MPB) Hidden Markov Model is obtained. In the verification process, different resolution representations of the speech signal are classified by multiple P‐MPB systems: the final decision is obtained by means of different combination techniques. The system based on the Weighted Majority Vote technique considerably outperforms baseline systems: improvements are between 15% and 38%. The execution time of the verification process is also evaluated and it proves to be very acceptable, thus allowing the use of the approach for applications in real time systems.     

High‐efficiency phosphorescent OLED technology

Abstract— Universal Display Corp. (UDC), together with its academic partners at Princeton University and the University of Southern California, are developing high‐efficiency electrophosphorescent small‐molecule OLED devices, based on triplet emission. These device systems show good lifetimes, and are well suited for the commercialization of low‐power‐consumption full‐color active‐matrix OLED displays. In this paper we also show how these phosphorescent devices may be driven by low‐cost amorphous‐silicon backplanes, and discuss benefits that could be gained by employing bistable OLED pixels.     

Development of a 10.4‐in. UXGA display using low‐temperature poly‐Si technology

A new 10.4‐in.‐diagonal display with UXGA resolution (1600 H × 1200 V pixels) using low‐temperature polysilicon (poly‐Si) TFTs has been developed for notebook‐PC applications. The source drive technique uses integrated selector switches, which decreases the number of tape carrier packages (TCPs) for a poly‐Si TFT‐LCD and increases the connection pitch of the TCPs to the glass substrate. In this paper, we present a new display configuration and fabrication process.