简述消能减震结构的抗震设计方法

介绍了消能减震结构体系的基本原理和基本思想,阐述了结构中消能装置的布置方法及消能减震结构抗震设计要点,以促进消能减震技术的发展,为消能减震体系在工程结构中的应用提供参考。     

消能减震技术提高既有建筑结构抗震性能的设计应用

厦门海沧区某新近竣工办公建筑拟改造为教育建筑,抗震设防类别由标准设防类改为重点设防类。项目采用加设黏滞阻尼器进行消能减震加固,运用STAWE和SAUSG结构分析软件,对减震加固结构层间位移角、楼层剪力、能量分布、结构构件损伤等抗震性能对比分析,验证了消能减震加固技术能明显改善抗震性能,降低抗震构造措施要求。对比传统加固方式,运用消能减震技术,能有效耗散地震输入能量,且明显减少结构构件直接加固工作,具有良好的综合效益。本工程案例,对于类似抗震设防类别提高的加固工程,具有借鉴意义。     

潮汕星河大厦结构消能减震

结合潮汕星河大厦的工程概况,提出了星河大厦加层方案中需要解决的两个难题,详细地介绍了阻尼器的布置及安装,以促进结构消能减震技术的研究,从而推广消能减震技术在工程中的应用。     

消能减震技术在工程结构抗震加固中的应用研究

一直以来,地震灾害给各国人民带来了沉重的生命财产损失,本文探讨消能减震技术在工程结构抗震加固中的应用,希望对相关工作有所帮助。     

工程结构消能减震体系的基本原理与应用

介绍了工程结构消能减震体系的基本原理，对消能器的选择、数量确定方法及布置作了分析探讨，结合实际算例，提出了结构消能减震控制技术的良好应用效果。     

框架-摇摆消能桁架减震体系抗震性能分析

提出了框架-摇摆消能桁架这一新型摇摆结构体系,摇摆消能桁架是由抗弯刚度较大的型钢或组合截面的立杆通过水平连杆和消能斜撑相连而成,消能桁架与框架主体采用铰结连接。利用通用有限元软件SAP2000对比分析了框架与摇摆消能桁架在不同地震强度影响下体系的弹塑性地震响应和层间变形特征,结果表明,摇摆消能桁架可以减轻结构地震响应,使结构各层层间变形趋于均匀。同时研究了耗能元件与主体结构在不同水平地震时耗散地震能量的性能,摇摆消能桁架可以在地震强度不大时就可以发挥耗能功能保护主体结构。研究结果表明,摇摆消能桁架在减轻震害保护建筑方面具有优势,具有一定应用前景。     

浅谈消能减震技术在工程结构抗震加固中的应用

文章主要论述了消能减震技术在现代工程结构抗震加固中的应用,并通过算例介绍了减震结构的振型分解反应谱分析方法,供工程设计人员参考.     

新型消能减震复合墙板性能分析研究

针对传统复合墙板强度低在地震作用易产生破坏的问题,提出一种新型预制装配式消能减震复合墙板,介绍其构造和特点。采用ABAQUS软件建立了新型消能减震复合墙板的简化有限元模型,对其进行了拟静力往复荷载作用下的数值仿真分析,分析了新型预制装配式消能减震复合墙板的耗能能力,延性及刚度退化,并与传统复合墙板进行了对比。结果表明:新型预制装配式消能减震复合墙板滞回曲线饱满,试件在大变形作用下未出现明显的塑性区,具有良好的延性、变形能力和耗能能力,在地震作用下能较好的保护主体结构,避免主体结构发生较大破坏,提高结构在地震作用下的安全性。     

消能减震技术在建筑抗震加固中的应用探讨

地震灾害对建筑物的影响极大,如何使建筑物满足抗震设计要求,提高建筑物的抗震能力,是建筑结构抗震领域的专家、学者不断探索的问题。本文就消能减震技术在建筑抗震加固中的应用,进行了理论上的分析和探讨。     

消能减震技术在结构抗震加固中的研究与应用进展

消能减震技术可为结构提供附加阻尼,消能减震装置在结构中充当保险丝功能,阻尼器为抗震第一道防线,其相对于传统抗震加固技术而言具有很大优势,主要有减震效果好,施工周期短,经济成本低等优点。介绍了消能减震的原理、消能阻尼器的类型和消能减震结构的设计方法,分析了消能减震技术在结构抗震加固中的设计思路、安装部位以及具体工程实例,对消能减震技术的前景进行了展望。     

Seismic behavior of highly irregular structures with multiple passive energy dissipation system: Case study of a single‐column elevated station

This paper presents a case study of the layout strategy for a multiple passive energy dissipation (MPED) system and its influence on the seismic behavior of highly irregular structures. The investigated structure is a single‐column elevated station in a cantilevered structure form, which is unique and characterized by uneven mass and stiffness distributions in both elevation and plane. To improve seismic resistances of the focused structure, the MPED system composed of multiple types of passive energy dissipation (PED) devices targeting different vulnerabilities is devised. In addition, a high‐fidelity and efficient numerical model is developed to assess the structural seismic performance, by leveraging the secondary development based on proprietary finite‐element analysis package MARC.MSC. The fiber beam–column elements are employed to simulate the composite members under complex loading conditions, and spring elements incorporated with cyclic hardening property are developed to simulate the PED devices. Nonlinear static and time history analysis are conducted for the key substructures and whole structure. The results demonstrate that the MPED system can effectively improve the stiffness, strength, and ductility of the structure and significantly reduce its global responses. A comprehensive evaluation indicates that the MPED system is beneficial for the members directly equipped with PED devices, but the benefits are limited for unprotected members that require special attentions in design to avoid secondary damage. Through this study, valid analysis tools and suggestions are provided for the design of high‐irregular structures with MPED system.     

独柱式长悬臂高架车站地震安全性探讨

分析了独柱式长悬臂高架车站在抗震概念设计方面存在的不足,指出了当前设计方法存在的问题。通过对重庆地区两个高架车站的计算,证明此类结构的墩柱不考虑抗震设计的做法欠妥。鉴于墩柱在车站结构中的重要地位和它接近静定结构的受力状态,建议适度提高其抗震设计标准。     

上海中心大厦结构抗震分析简化模型及地震耗能分析

以结构高度为632 m的上海中心大厦结构为工程背景,建立其二维非线性简化分析模型,提出主要构件的简化分析方法,并与上海中心大厦结构精细有限元分析模型的模态、静力和弹塑性时程分析结果进行比较,对简化分析模型的准确性进行验证。结果表明:建立的简化分析模型能较好地反映上海中心大厦的基本动力特性,近似反映结构的地震响应。以FEMA P695推荐的22组远场地震动记录为基本输入,基于简化模型的弹塑性时程分析结果,分析不同地震强度下上海中心大厦结构不同构件对塑性滞回耗能的贡献及其总耗能沿高度的分布。分析表明:由于高阶振型影响显著,上海中心大厦结构的总塑性耗能主要集中在结构上部的4个区段,且伸臂桁架是主要的塑性耗能构件。本研究可为进一步完善超高层建筑结构抗震设计理论提供参考。     

加强层结构和消能减震结构地震反应对比分析

以某超高层建筑为例,对比分析了加强层结构和带粘滞阻尼器的消能减震结构的地震时程反应,结果表明:消能减震结构的位移反应明显小于加强层结构,在地震作用下,消能减震结构能有效地减小结构的基底剪力,粘滞阻尼器消耗了大量输入到结构中的能量,有效地保护了主体结构.     

预压弹簧自恢复耗能支撑子结构抗震性能研究

对预压弹簧自恢复耗能支撑进行了低周往复加载试验及数值模拟分析,结果表明,二者滞回曲线吻合较好,自恢复耗能支撑具有稳定的旗形滞回特性、良好的耗能能力和复位能力。对自恢复耗能支撑分别通过刚接和铰接与结构组成的支撑子结构进行了抗震性能数值模拟分析。结果表明：铰接支撑子结构具有更好延性、更稳定旗形滞回性能、更高承载力,对自身残余变形具有更好的控制能力;刚接支撑受力性能受连接板传递弯矩影响较大,铰接支撑耗能能力是刚接支撑的1.4~2.3倍,对结构的耗能贡献比刚接支撑提高了34%~40%,铰接支撑最大残余变形为刚接支撑的25.5%,基本消除了残余变形。     

组合式消能减震墩柱试验与设计方法研究

对采用Q345GJ钢的可更换剪切型消能连梁展开循环加载试验研究。结果表明这种连梁具有稳定的滞回耗能特性和较好的变形能力,同级荷载下多次滞回加载基本不产生循环强化;极限超强系数大致在1.35~1.5之间,符合预期设计要求。基于这种消能连梁,提出并设计一种由消能件和钢管混凝土组成的组合式消能减震墩柱,并对其开展了试验研究。试验结果表明,本文所采用的设计方法可以保证墩柱实现预期的破坏模式,即连梁剪切变形与柱脚集中塑性铰;墩柱具有很强的耗能能力、延性和变形能力;柱脚屈服时墩顶位移角约为1/80,可以保证中等地震荷载作用下柱脚处于弹性状态。     

消能减震技术的工程应用与展望

阐述了消能减震的基本原理及优点，介绍了国内外消能减震技术的应用情况以及消能减震结构设计标准的发展，探讨了消能减震技术的研究趋向，展望了发展前景。     

Seismic performance of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls

In this paper, composite shear walls with different encased steel plates (flat, horizontal corrugated, and vertical corrugated) were tested and simulated by Abaqus to investigate the seismic behavior of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls (SPCSWs). The failure characteristics, deformation and energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness and bearing capacity of the structures under low‐frequency cyclic load were analyzed, and indexes of the seismic performance were obtained. The formulas of the shear‐bearing capacity of steel plate concrete composite shear walls are suggested, and the shear‐sharing ratio of each member is obtained. According to the obtained results, corrugated steel plates can bond with concrete well, and the bearing capacity of the vertical corrugated SPCSW are higher than that of the horizontal corrugated SPCSW. Compared with flat SPCSW, corrugated SPCSW has higher initial stiffness and lateral stiffness, better ductility and energy dissipation ability, and the degradation of bearing capacity and stiffness is slower. The shear‐sharing ratio of a steel plate is larger than that of reinforced concrete in the flat SPCSW and the vertical corrugated SPCSW, the shear force shared by steel plate and reinforced concrete in horizontal corrugated SPCSW is basically the same.     

PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究

为抑制地震荷载作用下梁柱节点剪切裂缝的形成和梁纵向钢筋的滑移,提高梁柱节点抗震性能,采用PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料替代普通混凝土是可选措施之一。设计8个梁柱节点试件,其中6个试件采用PVA-钢混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料,2个对比试件分别采用单掺PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料与普通混凝土,进行拟静力试验以研究混杂纤维的掺加对梁柱节点抗震性能的影响。通过改变纤维掺量,在循环往复荷载作用下,观测试件裂缝开展及破坏过程,研究其滞回性能、骨架曲线、延性性能及耗能能力。试验结果表明：纤维的掺加可有效抑制梁柱节点剪切裂缝的形成与发展,显著提高梁柱节点的承载能力、延性及耗能能力;混杂纤维增强水泥基复合材料梁柱节点在峰值荷载前后的抗震性能均优于单掺PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料梁柱节点。     

Seismic performance assessment of new dry‐assembled prefabricated composite shear wall system with beam‐only connection

Two types of prefabricated composite shear wall systems were proposed using modular and separated dry‐assembled ways, respectively. The seismic performance of four composite shear wall systems, two for the modular assembly way and two for the separated assembly way, was numerically evaluated including failure mode, loading and deformation capacities, hysteresis behavior, ductility, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation. The nonlinear numerical simulations were conducted based on plastic‐damage constitutive laws for both concrete and steel materials using ABAQUS platform, which were further verified by the experimental investigations. The results showed that the mechanical performance of the modular assembly system is superior than that of the separated assembly system. The former exhibited good bearing and deformation capacities: The peak force is enhanced by 50% on average, the ultimate drift ratio reaches an average value of 3.7%, and the ductility coefficient has an average value of 10.5. As for the same assembly way, the prefabricated system with inner steel plate appeared better seismic properties compared to that with outer steel plate. Furthermore, the modular assembly system behaved prominent energy dissipation capacity with plentiful hysteresis loops. The equivalent damping ratio of this system reaches 15.93% at the drift ratio of 2%, which is the limit drift ratio for normal buildings in rare earthquakes.