真空氧等离子体表面改性涤纶织物研究

采用真空氧等离子体对涤纶织物进行表面改性,探讨不同处理压强、处理时间下织物润湿性能和分散染料染色性能的变化。使用X射线光电子能谱技术研究了织物表面处理前后化学组成及元素含量的变化,利用扫描电子显微镜表征了处理后织物表面形貌的变化。结果表明:真空氧等离子体处理后的涤纶织物表面氧元素的含量从24.1%上升到40.7%,表面粗糙程度提高;同时织物的润湿性能提高,润湿时间由1680s下降到51s;等离子体处理后涤纶织物的分散染料染色性能改善,其表面深度值由12.3增加为15.6,透湿量由2941g/(m~2·d)增加为3282g/(m~2·d)。     

涤纶超细纤维染整加工及助剂

涤纶超细纤维织物是正在发展中的一类高附加价值的织物,本文就国内对这类织物的前处理,染色和后整理的加工作了较为详细的阐述,并介绍了国外用于涤纶超细纤维染整加工过程中的各类助剂。     

碱-等离子体处理涤纶织物的时效性研究

将涤纶织物分别进行30,60,90℃的碱处理后再进行等离子体处理,探讨了碱预处理对等离子体处理效果的时效性的影响;测定处理后纤维的润湿、芯吸和染色等性能以及放置过程中的性能变化,并对纤维的微观形态及其表面化学成分进行了表征。结果表明:经碱-等离子体联合处理后,涤纶织物的润湿、芯吸和染色等性能的提高较经单独等离子体处理更显著,且在放置过程中织物性能的衰减较单独等离子体处理减缓;碱预处理使等离子体处理的时效性得到改善。     

涤纶超细纤维染整加工及助剂

涤纶超细纤维织物是正在发展听一类高中价值的织物，本文就国内对这类织物的前处理，染色和后事理的加工作了较为详细的阐述，并介绍了国外用于涤纶超细纤维染整加工过程的各类助剂。     

超临界二氧化碳中分散红277的涤纶织物染色

采用分散红 277 在超临界二氧化碳(scCO₂)中对涤纶织物进行染色,采用控制变量法,设置 18 组染色实验,分析单一染色工艺条件对染色结果的影响,得出最佳染色时间为 60 min、染色温度为 120 ℃、染色压力为 30 MPa。最优染色条件下获得的涤纶织物的色深值(K/S)为 7.24、固色率为93.5%;染色后涤纶织物的耐日晒色牢度为 5 级,耐皂洗色牢度为 4～5 级,耐摩擦色牢度为 2 级;染色后的涤纶织物在自然光源下呈现桃红色,在紫外光源下织物呈橙红色荧光。     

异形涤纶织物染色加工

异形涤纶织物(指仿丝绸)的染色加工与普通涤纶织物基本相同。其工艺流程:漂白→脱氯煮炼→脱水→中间堆置→柔软处理→干燥→染色(或荧光增白)→还原清洗→干燥→整理定型。 关于染色加工的注意事项分述如下:     

超临界CO_2中分散红54在涤纶织物中的扩散研究

超临界CO2染色技术是一种新型的绿色环保染色技术,超临界CO2中分散染料在涤纶织物中的扩散性能是超临界CO2染色技术的一个重要基础。为了研究超临界CO2中分散染料在涤纶织物中的扩散性能,研究采用"卷层法",在温度70~110℃,压力16~24 MPa下,选用分散红54在自行研制的超临界CO2染色装置中对涤纶织物进行超临界CO2染色扩散实验。实验结果表明,染料在涤纶织物中的扩散过程是一边上染纤维一边向纤维内部扩散的过程,所建立的染色—扩散模型成功地描述了这一过程。随着温度的升高,染色速率系数与扩散系数之比随之增大,随着压力的升高,两者之比先升后降。     

青黛在涤纶织物上染色性能的研究

采用天然染料青黛对涤纶织物进行染色,研究了各因素对染色效果的影响.结果表明:pH值4～5,温度120～130℃,时间30分钟,染色效果最好.载体可实现青黛对涤纶在100℃下的低温染色.青黛对涤纶染色后具有较高的水洗牢度和摩擦牢度.     

分散染料热熔染色互拼性能试验

近年来,随着涤纶纤维工业的迅速发展,涤纶及其混纺织物印染加工的任务越来越重。热熔染色是目前广泛采用的涤纶及其混纺织物的染色工艺,其工艺简单,劳动生产率高,产品质量易于控制和较为稳定,特别适于大批量连续性生产,但对染料的要求较高。在涤纶及其混纺织物的染色和印花中,常常需要选择不     

海岛型涤纶超细纤维仿麂皮织物生产实践

介绍了海岛型涤纶超细纤维仿麂皮织物染整工艺,重点分析前处理、染色等关键加工工序,给出具体工艺参数.     

Pretreatment of silk fabric surface with amino compounds for ink jet printing

This research studied pretreatments of silk fabric with amino compounds for ink jet printing. The pre-treating solutions were serine, glycine, aspartic acid, sericin, chitosan, and a commercial pre-treating chemical called Sanfix 555. Both untreated and treated fabrics were printed with in-house formulated pigmented inks and later steamed to fix the ink on the fabric surface. The pretreatments containing the amino compounds improved hydrophilicity of the silk fabric with the exception of chitosan. The color gamut from sericin, chitosan, and Sanfix 555 pretreatments was wider than that from the amino acid pretreatments. The chroma of the cyan color was most improved. The fabric, after pretreatment with sericin, showed a significant improvement in dry crock fastness while wet crock fastness was improved by serine and glycine. The chitosan slightly improved both dry and wet crock fastness. Wash fastness of all pretreated and printed fabrics including untreated and the printed fabrics was excellent because the pigmented ink was formulated with pigment and binder. Bending stiffness of the silk fabrics after chitosan pretreatment was significantly higher than those with other pretreatments. The ink penetration in sericin and chitosan padded layers was shallower than those for amino acids, enhancing ink deposition on the fabric surface. The amino compound pretreatments held and fixed additional ink on the fabric surfaces resulting in a wider color gamut of the inks.     

Application of silk sericin to polyester fabric

Sericin powder was prepared from a boiled solution of silk cocoons through salting-out with ammonium sulfate. The obtained sericin powder was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray, ultraviolet (UV) absorption, and nitrogen content measurements. The aqueous sericin solution was applied onto the polyester fabric (pretreated with NaOH) along with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent with a pad–dry–cure method. The processing conditions of the crosslinking agent were optimized. The presence of sericin was confirmed by the estimation of the nitrogen content and amino groups on the treated fabric. The dyeability of the treated fabric with acid and reactive dyes was studied. The performance properties, such as the moisture content, UV absorption, antistatic, crease recovery, and bending length, of the treated fabric were tested. The FTIR, X-ray, UV absorption, and nitrogen content results confirmed the purity of the sericin powder obtained with the salting-out method. The amino acid content, nitrogen content, and Kubelka Monk function (K/S) values of the sericin-treated fabric increased with an increase in the concentration of sericin in the padding liquor. The K/S value of the dyed samples was found to be linearly correlated with the number of amino groups present on the samples. There was a noticeable improvement in the moisture content and antistatic and UV absorption properties of the sericin-treated fabrics. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

A novel method of modifying poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabric using supercritical carbon dioxide

For the modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric, a type of epoxy compound, glycerol polyglycidyl ether (GPE), was impregnated as a cross‐linking agent into PET fabric by means of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂), then, a series of immobilization processes were implemented, including the pad‐dry‐cure process and the solution process to finish the GPE‐PET fabric with natural functional agents (sericin, collagen, or chitosan). Chloroform was found to be an effective cosolvent, as evidenced by the mass transfer of GPE to PET during the treatment with scCO₂. Chemical analyses by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that GPE can penetrate the surface of the PET fabric in scCO₂ pretreatment process, and natural functional agents (sericin, collagen, or chitosan) can also be immobilized on the surface of the GPE‐PET fabric especially for the method of pad‐dry‐cure. The nitrogen content in the modified PET fabrics was calculated accurately and confirmed by combustion analysis. The modified PET fabric displayed improvements in surface wettability, moisturization efficiency, and antibacterial characteristics against S. aureus, which demonstrated that the feasibility of this design for immobilizing natural functional agents (sericin, collagen, or chitosan) onto the surface of the PET fabric. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Silk/Rayon Webs and Nonwoven Fabrics: Fabrication,Structural Characteristics,and Properties

Silk is a naturally occurring material and has been widely used in biomedical and cosmetic applications owing to its unique properties, including blood compatibility, excellent cytocompatibility, and a low inflammatory response in the body. A natural silk nonwoven fabric with good mechanical properties was recently developed using the binding property of sericin. In this study, silk/rayon composite nonwoven fabrics were developed to increase productivity and decrease production costs, and the effect of the silk/rayon composition on the structure and properties of the fabric was examined. The crystalline structure of silk and rayon was maintained in the fabric. As the silk content increased, the porosity and moisture regain of the silk/rayon web and nonwoven fabric decreased. As the silk content increased, the maximum stress of the web and nonwoven fabric increased, and the elongation decreased. Furthermore, the silk/rayon web exhibited the highest values of maximum stress and elongation at ~200 °C. Regardless of the silk/rayon composition, all silk/rayon nonwoven fabrics showed good cytocompatibility. Thus, the silk/rayon fabric is a promising material for cosmetic and biomedical applications owing to its diverse properties and high cell viability.     

Impregnation of silk sericin into polyester fibers using supercritical carbon dioxide

Silk sericin was impregnated into polyester fabric using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO₂) to overcome polyester hydrophobicity. The effects of sericin molecular weight, pH of sericin, solution and cosolvent types on sericin impregnation were investigated. Enzyme‐hydrolyzed, acid‐, based‐hydrolyzed sericin in SCCO₂, and a 30 kDa sericin in SCCO₂ modified with cosolvents such as water, methanol, 1‐propanol, and acetone; and a modifier: sodium hydroxide solution were used in this work. Impregnation of sericin in polyester was indicated by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR) and dyeing with acid dye. Degradation of polyester fibers during SCCO₂ process was indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methylene blue dyeing was used to realize carboxyl group in polyester. The results showed no impregnation of sericin into polyester by using SCCO₂ modified with cosolvents. However, sericin was impregnated into modified surface polyester since hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups were regenerated by alkaline hydrolysis. Samples impregnated with hydrolyzed sericin showed high color strength of Supranolechtbordeaux B acid dye. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Degumming of silk

Degumming of silk involves the cleavage of peptide bonds of sericin, either by hydrolytic or enzymatic methods, and the subsequent removal of sericin from the silk fibroin. Hydrolysis of sericin can be carried out under neutral, alkaline or acidic conditions to give four fractions, each having different properties. Boiling-off in alkaline soap solution is the most popular degumming method. There are many qualitative methods of assessing the extent of degumming; however, quantitative methods have yet to be developed. Degumming can be carried out on yarn or fabric, in manually or mechanically operated machines. Mechanisms of degumming remain to be investigated.     

Modification of cellulose fiber with silk sericin

Cellulose fiber surface was modified with silk sericin (or simply, sericin). Sericin fixation on cellulose was confirmed by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry–attenuated total reflectance (FTIR‐ATR). Sericin content in finished samples was estimated by dyeing treated fabrics with an acid dye, Supranol Bordeaux B, and determining K/S and L values of the dyed fabrics. The treated fabrics were tested for free formaldehyde content, crease recovery, tensile strength, electrical resistance, water retention, and biocidal activity. From ESEM and FTIR‐ATR results, it was found that sericin coated onto cotton surfaces as a film. Increasing sericin content in the finishing solution increased the amount of coated sericin, and a greater depth of color in dyed samples and reduced free formaldehyde content in treated samples were observed. The sericin content in samples was found to have a negligible influence on tensile strength and crease recovery angle. With increasing sericin content, electrical resistivity of the samples dramatically decreased and water retention increased, indicating that sericin‐treated fabrics may be comfortable to wear because of its maintenance of moisture balance with respect to human skin. Because cotton textile coated with sericin exhibited low formaldehyde content and no biocidal activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, the fabric may reduce skin irritation and disturbance of physiological skin flora arising from textile contact. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1421–1428, 2005     

Novel cross‐linked sericin films: Characterization and properties

In the present study, an attempt has been made to convert sericin into film form and further make it insoluble by forming sericin–aluminum metal complex using alum salt, which may lead to some extent of cross‐linking. After complex formation sericin becomes insoluble in warm water as well as thermal stability and tensile strength improves significantly with increasing alum content. Metal complexed sericin films show good antimicrobial property and both the pure and alum modified sericin (AM‐Sericin) films show a very good oil barrier property. But after complex formation moisture content and swelling percentage of sericin film decreases quite significantly with increasing aluminum concentration. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41400.     

丝胶生物吸附剂选择性去除废水中染料的评估(英文)

The silk sericin is the main residue in silk production and it is found to be a low cost and efficient biosorbent.In this study,sericin was characterized with various techniques including SEM(scanning electron microscope),XRD,N2 physisorption,FTIR(Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy) and XPS(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy).The nitrogen content of sericin was ca.8.5 mmol·g-1 according to elemental analysis.Dye adsorp-tion by sericin biosorbent was investigated with the acid yellow(AY),methylene blue(MB) and copper(II) phthalocyanine-3,4’4″4’″-tetrasulfonic acid(CuPc) dyes from water.Sericin displayed large capacity for AY and CuPc adsorption with adsorption capacities of respectively 3.1 and 0.35 mmol·g-1,but it did not adsorbed methylene blue dye.This selectivity is due to the basicity of amide groups in sericin biosorbents.     

Novel mucoadhesive polymer prepared by template polymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of silk sericin

A novel mucoadhesive polymer was prepared by template polymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of sericin for a transmucosal drug‐delivery (TMD) system. FTIR results indicated that a polymer complex was formed between poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and sericin through hydrogen bonding. The glass transition temperatures (T_g's) of sericin and PAA in the PAA/sericin polymer complex were inner‐shifted compared with the T_g's of sericin and PAA themselves. This may be due to the increased miscibility of PAA with sericin through hydrogen bonding. The dissolution rate of the PAA/sericin interpolymer complex was dependent on the pH. The mucoadhesive force of the PAA/sericin polymer complex was similar to that of a commercial product, Carbopol 971P NF. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 274–280, 2001