Effects of helium addition to Ar-Xe mixtures in high-pressureatomic-transition xenon lasers

The output energy and spectral distribution of the atomic-transition xenon laser have been investigated with ternary mixtures based on Ar-Xe to explore kinetic issues and to enhance particular lines of the xenon laser pumped by an e-beam and e-beam sustained discharge. Addition of helium into the Ar-Xe mixtures increased the 2.03 μm line energy by a factor of 3-5 while suppressing the 1.73-μm line even during single-line oscillation. The maximum output energy obtained at 2.03 μm was 1.2 J/L and the intrinsic efficiency was ~1%. Effects of neon or krypton addition have also been studied with e-beam sustained discharge pumping     

A 170 J electron beam pumped XeF(C→A) laser

A pulse output energy of 170 J has been achieved from an XeF(C→A) laser system, pumped by a pair of counterpropagating, three-meter-long electron beams. This represents a record for all types of pumping, for this excimer system. Energy was extracted from a volume of ~100 L, using a free-running stable oscillator. No evidence of laser oscillations on the competing XeF(B→X) transition was observed. Within the extraction volume the laser gas was pumped at a rate of 140 kW/cm³ (time average value), for a period of 1.7 μs. The optical cavity was folded, giving a gain length of 6 m. The optical pulse duration was 0.8 μs (full width at half maximum), and the observed flux buildup time of ~1 μs was consistent with modeling and a measurement of the net gain. The specific output energy was 1.7 J/L which is comparable to that achieved in previous, small scale experiments at somewhat higher pump rate. The results confirm the volumetric scalability of the electron beam pumped XeF(C→A) laser system to high output energy per pulse, and the feasibility of operating this system at a low electron beam pump rate which relaxes constraints on the design of the electron gun and pulse power subsystems in a high output energy device. Means for extending the laser pulse duration and increasing the output energy of the specific test device are discussed. An output energy of ~1000 J is projected for an optimized gas cell width, for full size resonator mirrors, and with injection     

Performance characteristics of an injection-controlledelectron-beam pumped XeF(C→A) laser system

Characteristics of an injection-controlled electron-beam pumped XeF(C→A) laser are investigated with emphasis on efficient wideband tuning and scaling issues. Using a quasi-CW dye laser as an injection source, data are obtained that describe the laser characteristics over a wide parameter range. A high-Z electron-beam backscattering reflector inside the laser reaction cell improved the electron-beam energy deposition by 40%, resulting in an increase of the amplified laser output by more than a factor of four. Efficient and continuous wavelength tuning between 470 and 500 nm is achieved with an output energy density of ~1 J/l, and an intrinsic efficiency of ~1% throughout the entire tuning region     

CO2laser excited by a long pulse capacitively coupled discharge

A CO2TEA laser is excited by a preionized discharge through dielectric electrodes with single pulse durations of 100-300 ns (FWHM). For constant input energy, output energy and efficiency are found to increase with pulse duration giving rise to a maximum enhancement of approximately 20 percent over the range tested. An output comparable to metallic electrode devices was obtained. Optimum performance was achieved for a total circuit inductance on the order of 2μH.     

腔内光强增强型凹面光栅选支CO2 激光器研究

文中介绍了一种适用于腔内光化学反应的腔内光强增强型凹面光栅选支连续CO2激光器的设计及实验参数。由于光腔较长和增益较大，在00^01—10^00和00^01—02^00振转跃迁谱带分别有53条和49条谱线激光输出。得到00^01—10^00跃迁的最低增益线10p（56）输出功率2．5W，腔内功率约166．7W，腔内最大功率（10p（20）支线）为520．3W。     

Efficient pulsed first-overtone CO laser operating within thespectral range of 2.5-4.2 μm

Output characteristics of a single-pulse e-beam controlled discharge laser operating on the first-overtone (FO) transitions (Δν=2) of CO molecules have been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Various sets of dielectric mirrors with high reflectivity in the range of the overtone spectrum have been used for the laser resonator. Multiwavelength lasing has been obtained in the wide spectral range of 2.5-4.1 μm on vibrational transitions from 6→4 up to 37→35. A maximum output efficiency of 11%, the highest ever published for a FO CO laser, has been experimentally obtained for the broad-band multiline FO CO laser. Maximum specific output energy is 50 J/1 Amagat. FO CO lasing was observed within a predischarge gas temperature range of 100-220 K. Spectral characteristics of the overtone laser operating on a selected set of vibrational bands have been analyzed theoretically. Theoretical calculations based on the experimental data predict that multiline FO CO laser efficiency can be increased up to 20%. Experiments with a single-pulse FO CO laser using a diffraction grating as a frequency-selective element demonstrated the feasibility of developing a frequency-tunable single-line FO CO laser. Tunable FO CO lasing on wavelengths from 2.7 up to 4.2 μm corresponding to vibrational transitions from 13→11 up to 38→ 36 was obtained. The maximum specific output energy came up to 2.8 J/1 Amagat, with single-line output efficiency being up to 0.6%     

无热电恒温的小型重频二极管抽运板条激光器

为了研制一种能在-40℃～+65℃环境下适用于机载吊舱的小型风冷重频二极管抽运Nd∶YAG板条激光器,克服采用热电恒温二极管抽运源的一系列问题,采用了无热电恒温二极管抽运源的方法,并进行了实验验证。结果表明,该激光器能在-40℃～+65℃环境下,以20Hz～30Hz脉冲重复频率稳定可靠的工作,激光输出能量100mJ～150mJ,激光脉宽6ns～7ns,激光束散角经4倍天线扩束后约1mrad。该激光器能适用于多种机载或车载激光测距/指示仪。     

Output energy enhancement of discharge-pumped XeF(B to X) lasers with the two-component halogen donor mixtures

The effect of using a two-component halogen donor mixture was studied in a discharge-pumped XeF (B to X) laser using low-pressure (>     

Laser diode-pumped holmium-doped fluorozirconate glass fiber laserin the green (λ~544-549 nm): power conversion efficiency, pumpacceptance bandwidth, and excited-state kinetics

The green (544-549 nm) Ho-doped fluorozirconate (ZBLAN) glass fiber laser, pumped in the red (λ~6;15 nm) by a high-power (~30 mW) InGaAlP laser diode or a ring dye-laser, has been characterized with regard to power conversion efficiency, fiber core-diameter and length, cavity output coupling, and pump acceptance bandwidth. Fibers doped with ~1200 ppm (by weight) of Ho and having core diameters of 1.7, 3, and 11 μm, and lengths ranging from 12.5 to 86 cm, have been studied in Fabry-Perot resonators having output couplings ranging from 1.545 to 96%. For a 1.7-μm core-diameter fiber, 21 cm in length, the threshold-launched pump power for the diode-pumped fiber laser is 1.9 and 3.5 mW for cavity output couplings of 1.5% and 24%, respectively. These values are the lowest for any upconversion-pumped fiber laser reported to date. Also, the noise and threshold-pumping power properties of the diode-pumped fiber laser are superior to those for its dye-laser-pumped counterpart. The highest laser slope efficiency (>22% with respect to launched pump power) was measured for a 3-μm core-diameter fiber and a cavity output coupling of 24%. The spectral interval over which the launched threshold pump power for this laser is <10 mW is almost 20 nm (637-656 nm). Studies of the fiber laser waveform as a function of pump power reveal competition for population between the ⁵S² and ⁵F₄ states and among the Stark sublevels of the ⁵F₄ manifold. Also, measurements of the output power on individual laser lines of the ⁵F₄, ⁵S₂→ ⁵I₈ (ground) transitions of Ho³⁺:ZBLAN as a function of pump power demonstrate the existence of a loss mechanism at the fiber laser wavelength, presumably due to absorption from ground or the ⁵I_y, ⁶S₂ or ⁵F₄ excited states of the ion     

用于白癜风治疗的308nm XeCl准分子激光系统

研制了一台用于白癜风治疗的308nm XeCl准分子激光系统。根据准分子激光器脉冲式放电的特点,设计了推挽式脉冲开关电源。实验研究了激光器脉冲重复频率、工作电压、气体寿命对激光输出能量的影响,并检测了激光输出脉冲能量的稳定性。通过自动反馈控制系统调整激光头放电工作电压实现输出激光能量的稳定。激光采用扩展型紫外液芯光纤传导,得到均匀性良好的治疗光斑,液芯光纤对308nm激光的传输效率约为70%。激光器脉冲重复频率1～200Hz,工作电压18～25kV,输出能量不稳定度小于4%。经光纤输出用于治疗的有效光斑直径22mm,脉冲能量密度2～3mJ/cm2。     

Frequency-tunable optically pumped carbon monoxide laser

Single-line frequency-tunable lasing was observed in an optically pumped, repetitively pulsed, room-temperature CO laser for the first time. The R(0) and R(7) ro-vibrational transitions in the (2,0) overtone of CO at 2.3 μm were optically pumped with a high-energy optical parametric oscillator. Single-line lasing was observed on (2,1) P(2)-P(17) transitions and R(0)-R(11) transitions (covering wavelengths within the range 4.6-4.9 μm) when using a diffraction grating as the spectrally selective reflector of the laser resonator. The observed CO laser pulse lengths were ~10^-7 s with peak power up to 10⁴ W. The influence of CO pressure, the addition of buffer gas (He, Ar), Q-factor of the laser resonator, and the pump pulse energy on CO laser pulse temporal characteristics and output energy spectral distribution was studied experimentally     

Nd:Y2O3透明陶瓷4F3/2-4I11/2跃迁光谱及高效激光输出

报道了采用真空烧结法结合热等静压技术制备的Nd:Y₂O₃透明陶瓷的荧光光谱特性及相关激光输出。通过与Nd:YAG透明陶瓷的荧光光谱对比,表明Nd:Y₂O₃透明陶瓷的4F_3/2-4I_11/2跃迁光谱存在着多个增益相当的谱线,这更有利于实现同时双波长段激光振荡;不同斯塔克子跃迁光谱的离散特性有利于通过腔镜镀膜控制不同波长损耗,获得丰富的1.0~1.1 μm波段激光。利用简单的平平两镜腔结构完成进一步的实验,通过选择的输出镜片镀膜获得了输出功率3.62 W、转换效率40.4%的1074.6 nm和1078.8 nm的双波长输出和输出功率1.7 W、转换效率19.4%的1130.3 nm波长输出。     

High repetition rate, wide-aperture KrF lasers for subpicosecondamplification

A high repetition rate, wide-aperture KrF laser with a magnetic switch has been developed. A dynamic response and a core loss of several magnetic materials were measured, resulting in a loss as low as 0.45 J/pulse for a voltage risetime of ~100 ns. A maximum output energy of 2.5 J in 20 ns (FWHM) was obtained with a total efficiency of 2.5% at 20 Hz. The cross section of the output beam was 65×50 mm². Spectral, spatial, and temporal profiles of gain and absorption coefficients were also measured, resulting in a peak gain of 8.5%/cm. An output energy of 410 mJ was extracted in 280 fs with two beams by using this laser as an amplifier     

低强度氦氖激光照射对小鼠胸腺细胞体外增殖的影响

目的 :研究低强度氦氖激光对体外培养的BALB/c小鼠胸腺细胞增殖的影响。方法 :采用MTT法检测不同功率密度、不同照射时间对不同起始培养密度小鼠胸腺细胞的增殖作用。结果 :低强度氦氖激光对小鼠胸腺细胞的增值有促进作用 ,当照射功率密度为 3.32 5mW /cm2 、照射时间 1～ 5分钟、起始细胞培养密度 2× 10 6个 /ml时效果最佳。结论 :低强度氦氖激光对小鼠胸腺细胞的增值有促进作用 ,促进小鼠胸腺细胞体外增殖的最佳条件为功率密度 3.32 5mW/cm2 、照射时间 1～ 5分钟、起始细胞培养密度 2× 10 6个 /ml,而照射时间超过 2 0min均会使细胞增殖受抑     

Diode-pumped ytterbium-doped Sr5(PO4)3F laser performance

The performance of the first diode-pumped Yb³⁺-doped Sr ₅(PO₄)₃F (Yb:S-FAP) solid-state laser is discussed. An InGaAs diode array has been fabricated that has suitable specifications for pumping a 3×3×30 mm Yb:S-FAP rod. The saturation fluence for diode pumping was deduced to be 5.5 J/cm ² for the particular 2.8 kW peak power diode array utilized in our studies. This is 2.5× higher than the intrinsic 2.2 J/cm ² saturation fluence as is attributed to the 6.5 nm bandwidth of our diode pump array. The small signal gain is consistent with the previously measured emission cross section of 6.0×10^-20 cm², obtained from a narrowband-laser pumped gain experiment. Up to 1.7 J/cm³ of stored energy density was achieved in a 6×6×44 mm Yb:S-FAP amplifier rod. In a free running configuration, diode-pumped slope efficiencies up to 43% (laser output energy/absorbed pump energy) were observed with output energies up to ~0.5 J per 1 ms pulse. When the rod was mounted in a copper block for cooling, 13 W of average power was produced with power supply limited operation at 70 Hz with 500 μs pulses     

光栅选线TEA CO2激光快速调谐实验研究

研制了一种新型的采用直驱交流伺服电机的光栅选线TEA CO2激光器快速调谐系统,进行了一系列实验研究,包括系统调试实验、单脉冲运转调谐实验和快速调谐实验。实验共得到85条调谐输出谱线，单脉冲能量超过10 J的有18条谱线；在动态快速触发情况下，分别在60 ms和20 ms内实现了整个CO2激光光谱范围任意两条谱线和同一个跃迁带内相邻两条谱线的快速调谐输出。该方法可应用于高功率、大范围可调谐TEA CO2激光器的快速调谐，对高功率高重复频率可调谐TEA CO2激光器研制中的快速调谐输出设计具有较高的参考价值。     

A two-wavelength, passively self-injection locked, CW Ti3+:Al2O3 laser

We have demonstrated that passive self-injection control is very effective in a CW Ti³⁺:Al₂O₃ laser to produce high efficiency (η~15%), narrow-line, two-wavelength emission. Light reinjection is achieved with an original high-resolution two-wavelength selector combining an interference wedge and a grazing incidence grating. The device operates outside the main nonselective laser cavity; thus avoiding insertion losses and optical damage problems. A 1.5 W, background free, total output power has been obtained simultaneously at two narrow laser lines (fwhm: 8 pm), independently tunable over 50 mn. The two laser lines can be emitted in a single beam or in two separated beams. Self-injection wavelength control has been demonstrated both for linear and for ring laser cavities. In the latter case, unidirectional behavior is also obtained in the same way. Single-step (5s²S_1/2-5P²P_1/2,3/2 ) and two-step (5s²S_1/2-5p²P_3/2-5d² D_3/2,5/2) excitation of atomic rubidium vapor has been performed with our original laser device     

100 J侧面滑闪预电离TE CO2激光器

提出了一种新型侧面滑闪放电技术,为TE CO2激光器均匀放电提供高效、均匀的紫外预电离。采用这种技术,成功实现5.5 cm电极间距的高气压CO2均匀放电,放电截面达27.5 cm2。放电体积为5.5 cm×5 cm×90 cm的单元模块采用V(CO2)∶V(N2)∶V(He)=1∶1∶4的混合气体在60 kPa的气压下,获得了53 J的激光脉冲输出,激光比输出能量达3.46×10-4J/(L.Pa)。采用简单的谐振腔,利用两个相同的单元模块串联实现了103 J的激光输出。实验表明双模块器件存在很强的激光脉冲能量增强效应,双模块串联输出的激光能量比单模块激光能量的两倍还大15%。     

Linearly polarized polarization-maintaining Er3+-doped fluoride fiber laser in the mid-infrared

We demonstrated the ~2.8-μm and ~3.5-μm linearly polarized continuous wave (CW) laser outputs from a polarization-maintaining (PM) Er3+-doped fluoride fiber laser. By introducing a film polarizer into the cavity to select the laser polarization orientation, the ~2.8-μm linearly polarized CW laser with a high polarization extinction ratio (PER) of ~23 dB and maximum output power of 2.37 W was achieved under double-end pumping at 976 nm. By adding another 1981-nm pump source simultaneously, the ~3.5-μm linearly polarized CW laser was also obtained, giving higher PER of ~27 dB and maximum output power of 307 mW which is only limited by the available power of 1981-nm pump. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a mid-infrared linearly polarized CW PM fiber laser in the >2.5-μm mid-infrared region. This work not only opens up opportunities for some new mid-infrared applications, but also provides a promising platform for developing high-stability and versatile mid-infrared laser sources.     

Iron diiodide photodissociation laser

Lasing on 11 transitions of neutral iron (six of which have not been reported previously) is observed when iron diiodide (FeI2) is photodissociated at 193 nm (ArF laser). The lasing wavelengths span the visible spectrum, extending from 466 to 794 nm. Although the maximum laser energy output ofsim1 muJ (all lines) occurs at ∼825 K, stimulated emission is observed for temperatures as low as 720 K.