联合利华肥皂废水的混凝沉淀实验研究

通过对上海联合利华肥皂厂生产废水的混凝沉淀实验研究，确定了该废水混凝沉淀最适宜的混凝剂种类、最佳的混凝反应运行条件及最优的药剂投加量。经最优投药量实验比较可知，采用无机混凝剂与有机絮凝剂复合运用的方法，不仅能节省混凝剂的投加量及工程运行等费用，而且能在很大程度上提高水的混凝沉淀处理效果。     

混凝沉淀法处理立德粉生产废水

某立德粉厂生产过程中排放大量含硫废水，长期以来该厂未经处理直接通过渗坑排放，由于硫化物超标对周围环境和地下水资源造成了严重污染。因此通过实验研究制定了切实可行的治理方案，使废水达标排放。介绍了混凝沉淀法处理立德粉生产废水的工艺和运行情况。通过实验研究选定了合理有效的混凝剂及处理工艺。     

混凝对环氧树脂废水预处理效果的研究

环氧树脂生产废水,具有高CODCr、高含盐量,属于难生物降解有机废水。文章选定聚合氯化铝铁为混凝剂,通过单因素实验探讨了温度、pH值以及混凝剂投加量对混凝处理效果的影响。结果表明,在温度为40℃、pH=7以及混凝剂投加量为80 mg/L的条件下,混凝预处理环氧树脂生产废水有最佳效果,CODCr去除率可达41%以上,对浊度的去除率可达96%以上。     

混凝沉淀法处理立德粉生产废水

介绍了混凝沉淀法处理立德粉生产废水的工艺和运行情况。通过实验研究选定了合理有效的混凝剂及处理工艺。运行结果表明:该工艺具有运行稳定、操作简单、处理效果良好、运行成本低等优点。处理后出水达到国家综合排放标准要求。     

纳米改性混凝剂的研制与应用探讨

为提高混凝剂的混凝效果，本试验以绿矾为原料，自制固体与溶胶态的纳米α-FeOOH，与常用混凝剂硫酸铝和聚合氯化铝充分混合，得到纳米改性混凝剂，应用于造纸黑液处理。试验发现，纳米材料以溶胶态形式添加的混凝效果比固态形式的效果好；其废水的CODCr去除率比常用混凝剂提高10％～30％。     

化学混凝法处理造纸废水的研究

研究了洛阳市龙翔造纸厂的生产废水进行混凝处理时所需要的最佳混凝剂。实验结果表明：PAC作为混凝剂,PAM作为助凝剂联合处理该废水时,能够取得较好的去浊率和CODCr去除率,并且相对其他几种混凝剂经济费用更少;PAC＋PAM作为最佳混凝剂时,PAC和PAM的投加量分别为133、16.6mg/L,充分混凝沉淀20min后,去浊率可达99.7%,CODCr去除率可达46.0%,取得了较好的去除效果。     

硫化印染染料生产废水处理的初探

采用自行制备的具有Al/Si（1.5）和Fe/Si（2.0）的两类新型无机高分子混凝剂聚硅酸氯化铝（PSAFC）和聚硅酸硫酸铁（PSAFS）,对硫化印染生产废水进行处理,考察了混凝剂投量对混凝效果的影响。实验结果表明：氯化物型（PSAFC）和硫酸盐型（PSAFS）混凝剂对印染废水的色度、浊度、CODCr均有良好的去除效果,且PSAFS的混凝效果略优于PSAFC。     

治理明胶生产废水污染研究进展

本文参考有关文献，详细论述了废水处理技术在明胶生产废水治理中的应用与发展，在分析明废水污染现状，废水水质特性的基础上，从混凝，生物处理，清洁生产，超滤膜处理，污泥处理，蛋白质回收，环境健康研究几个方面综述了迄今为止围绕明胶生产废水治理所开展的有关研究工作和治理技术。     

庆大霉素原料药生产废水治理技术

庆大霉素原料药生产废水是高浓度、高悬浮物的发酵有机废水。针对难以进行固液分离，治理难度大的问题，开发出一套简单易操作的固液分离技术。该技术可以大幅降低庆大霉素发酵废水的治理难度，节约废水治理投资50％，降低运行费用60％。对于已建有处理设施的企业，容易与现有工程衔接，主要设备企业均有，该技术解决了此类废水治理的难题。     

ZW130混凝剂处理造纸废水

本文针对废纸造纸厂产生的废水，试用了不同混凝药剂的处理效果，并合成了一种处理造纸废水的专用混凝剂ZW130，该混凝剂与有机高分子絮凝剂配合使用，能达到比目前市场上常见的Al2(SO4)3、聚合氯化铝（ＰＡＣ）、聚合硫酸铁（ＰＦＳ）等混凝剂的处理效果好，药剂费用低。本文试验了该混凝剂的使用条件，并和其它几组混凝药剂处理效果做了对比实验。     

底座连接口特征参数对显示器后壳注塑质量的影响分析

在Moldflow分析软件的基础上,对显示器后壳进行仿真研究,以翘曲变形量为质量指标,结合控制变量法进行单因素变动实验,保持注射工艺参数不变,研究显示器后壳底座连接口对制品翘曲变形的影响.对数据进行图表分析,结果表明显示器后壳尺寸定位68.58 cm(27英寸)时,底座连接口选用圆形,连接口位置距离底边26 mm,尺寸...     

The role of the symmetry and the flexibility of the anion on the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ionic liquids☆

The transport properties of ionic liquids (ILs) are crucial properties in view of their applications in electrochem-ical devices. One of the most important advantages of ILs is that their chemical–physical properties and conse-quently their bulk performances can be well tuned by optimizing the chemical structures of their ions. This will require elucidating the structural features of the ions that fundamentally determine the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs. Here we showed for the first time that the“rigidity”, the order, and the compactness of the three-dimensional ionic networks generated by the anions and the cation head groups determine the formation and the sizes of the nanostructures in the apolar domains of ILs. We also found that the properties of ionic networks are governed by the conformational flexibility and the symmetry of the anion and/or the cation head group. The thermal stability of the nanostructures of ILs was shown to be con-trolled by the sensitivity of the conformational equilibrium of the anion to the change of temperature. We showed that the viscosity of ILs is strongly related to the symmetry and the flexibility of the constitute ions rather than to the size of the nanostructures of ILs. Therefore, the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs, especially the thermal stability of the nanostructures, can be fine-tuned by tailoring the symmetry and the conformational flexibility of the anion.     

浅谈设备的性能与操作对胎面压出质量的影响

简要介绍了胎面压出的工作原理及工艺过程，对设备的配置及操作对胎面压出质量的影响进行了分析，并对压出过程中常见的质量缺陷、造成的原因以及解决措施提出了自己的见解。     

Investigation of the effects of fatty acids on the compressive strength of the concrete and the grindability of the cement

In cement industry, a great energy consumption has been observed during grinding of clinker. To reduce this consumption, some waste products have been used as grinding aids.In this investigation, the effects of sunflower oil (SO), oleic acid (OA), stearic acid (SA), myristic acid (MA) and lauric acid (LA) on the fineness and strength of the cement have been examined. These aids were added into clinker in certain ratios based on the cement clinker weight and the grinding has been done for a definite time at the same condition.All of the fatty acids used increased the fineness as compared with the cement without the grinding additives. SO and OA decreased the strength significantly, LA decreased it to a lesser extent and SA increased it definitely according to the common cement. But MA did not alter the strength of the cement as much as SA. In addition, the covering of the balls influences the grinding of cement clinker unfavourably.     

煤粉流动性对GSP气化炉气力输送的影响研究

针对GSP气化装置煤粉气力输送在试车阶段出现的煤粉锁斗下料不畅、发料罐输送性能不佳等问题,从原料煤性质和工业装置的改进方面出发,通过煤粉的流动性参数的测量与研究,分析出现上述工程问题可能的内在原因,并提出工业装置改进方法,为保证GSP煤粉气力输送工业装置的正常运行提供解决办法。     

关于建立火炸药安全数据库的探讨

由反映火炸药及其制品的危险性能和用于对它们的生产、储运系统进行安全评价数学模型出发,探讨了如何建立一个全面、实用的火炸药安全评估数据库。通过对此数据库内容、数据表示方法、数据搜索方法以及建立步骤的讨论,明确了该数据库的使用对象和主要功能。     

The effect of the length of the oxyethylene chain on the conductivity of the polyurethaneurea electrolyte

Polyurethaneureas (PUU), which were synthesized from 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and 3,5-diaminobanzoic acid (DABA), were used as polyelectrolytes in this study. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to monitor the effect of the various kinds of PEG on the changes in morphology of PUU electrolytes corresponding to the concentration of lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) dopants. The results of DSC and FT-IR indicate the Li⁺ ions coordinate with the soft and hard segments. Additionally, the crystallinity of the PEG soft segment and the ordered hydrogen-bonded urea carbonyl groups decreased with increasing salt concentration. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) measurements show that the PUU electrolyte with the high phase separation degree has the high ionic conductivity. The hard-segment T_g and the soft-segment T_m influence the conductivity behavior of polyelectrolytes with increasing measurement temperature.     

Effect of the drafting force on the strength of the bottom of the spinneret

In spinning basalt fibres, the drafting force is in the same range as in spinning of glass fibres. The effect of the drafting force can not be considered in the calculation for the strength and rigidity of the bottom of the spinneret. __________ Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 47–50, September–October, 2007.