基于Berkeley DB煤矿安全实时数据库设计

煤矿安全问题一直是困扰我国煤炭企业发展的难题,随着3G技术的快速发展和普及,这一难题有了新的解决方案——3G终端下井,随之而来的是对后台信息处理的实时性提出更高的要求。本文介绍了基于Berkeley DB煤矿安全实时数据库的设计方法并对关键问题提出了解决方案。该系统对煤矿井下实时信息进行处理,在实际应用中该数据库在可靠性,处理能力等各方面都有良好表现。     

Google home: Experience, support and re-experience of social home activities

Ambient intelligence research is about ubiquitous computing and about social and intelligent properties of computer-supported environments. These properties aim at providing inhabitants or visitors of ambient intelligence environments with support in their activities. Activities include interactions between inhabitants and between inhabitants and (semi-) autonomous agents, including mobile robots, virtual humans and other smart objects in the environment. Providing real-time support requires understanding of behavior and activities. Clearly, being able to provide real-time support also allows us to provide off-line support, that is, intelligent off-line retrieval, summarizing, browsing and even replay, possibly in a transformed way, of stored information. Real-time remote access to these computer-supported environments also allows participation in activities and such participation as well can profit from the real-time capturing and interpretation of behavior and activities performed and supported by ambient intelligence technology. In this paper, we illustrate and support these observations by looking at results obtained in several European and US projects, in particular projects on smart environments, whether they are smart meetings or lecture rooms, smart offices or intelligently monitored events in public spaces. In particular, we look at the augmented multi-party interaction (AMI) project in which we are involved and we try to sketch a framework in which we can transform research results from the meeting context to the home environment context.     

Teaching and learning in the wireless classroom

Wireless networks now support Web browsing, e-mail, real-time chat, and access to remote computing resources. With the increasing use of small portable computers, this emerging communications infrastructure will enable many new Internet applications. Two innovative projects at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington are currently exploring how educators can use portable handheld computers with wireless Internet access to improve teaching and learning in both local and wide area network environments     

Adding intelligent agents to existing EI frameworks

The global marketplace and the Internet have served as catalysts for enterprise integration (EI), both within a company and between a company and its suppliers and partners. EI software architectures, or frameworks, are often built on top of standard middleware and typically lack the ability to function in dynamic environments where flexibility, adaptability, and knowledge management are crucial. Furthermore, they do not scale well to wide-area enterprises that extend across organizational boundaries. These frameworks nevertheless offer a cost-effective basis for resource management, user coordination, knowledge exchange, and information extraction in a virtual enterprise. The paper considers how, by incorporating agents with their inherently distributed characteristics of autonomy, reasoning or intelligence, and goal-driven behavior, existing EI frameworks can be enhanced to support adaptive virtual enterprises     

Supporting virtual enterprise systems using agent coordination

Open environments like the Internet or corporate intranets enable a large number of interested enterprises to access, filter, process and present information on an as-needed basis. These environments support modern applications, such as virtual enterprises and interorganisational workflow management systems, which involve a number of heterogeneous resources, services and processes. However, any execution of a virtual enterprise system would yield to disjoining and error-prone behaviour without appropriate techniques to coordinate the various business processes. This paper reports on the design and implementation of a flexible agent-based framework for supporting the coordination of virtual enterprises and workflow management systems. The paper also shows how an agent coordination infrastructure, which is explained by social constraints, can impact on the engineering of highly dynamic virtual enterprises and workflow management systems by presenting a simple case study.     

Web Service在企业集成中的安全应用

随着企业应用的需求越来越复杂,在复杂的企业环境下处理基于SOAP消息的安全信息是需要解决的实际问题。具体分析Web服务(Web Service)在企业环境下的安全机制,以及这种方式下如何安全处理SOAP消息。以一个税务部门信息服务平台为例分析了采用安全的Web Service的企业应用集成方案,实践证明此方式可以达到比较好的安全性能要求。     

企事业过程工程环境EPMS的资源组织结构研究与实现

分析了目前企事业过程工程环境资源组织结构现状，给出了将EPMS的单层资源组织结构扩展为多层资源组织结构的原理及实现，对其它的过程工程环境具有一定的借鉴作用。     

Sustaining interoperability of networked liquid-sensing enterprises: A complex systems perspective

The emerging Liquid-Sensing Enterprise (LSE) concept provides manufacturing industrial networks with the required enablers to seamless interoperate and sustain its interoperability along the operational life cycle. Actually, the actual domain of enterprise information systems interoperability prospects the need for a new paradigm able to manage the network dynamics, facilitating adaptation along the lifecycle of an enterprise and the LSE network. The theory of complex systems provides a set of heuristics that can be applied to support the formalization of the LSE industrial network and its dynamics, demonstrating how they can be enabled and at the same time controlled to keep the overall level of interoperability stable. Hence, today there is technology suitable to implement such systems, capable to realize the LSE real, digital and virtual worlds. However, isolated, this technology cannot deliver the requirements for a self-sustainable LSE network. The authors propose a novel metaphor from complexity as a framework to model and implement the mechanism for sustaining interoperability in such networked environments. They identify the motivations for sustaining interoperability of networked liquid-sensing enterprises, having complex and adaptive systems as a vehicle to model and understand the relationships between enterprises and enterprise information systems in networked environments. Then, existing technology such as model-driven interoperability, agent-based or service oriented architectures, and knowledge management, is proposed to detail the conceptual solution for the sustainability of interoperability. An instantiation of the concept proposed is presented, which details the prototypal application elaborated in a real manufacturing scenario, implemented and validated during the European Project Factories of the Future IMAGINE.     

Mighty MESs; state-of-the-art and future manufacturing execution systems

This article intends to answer what manufacturing execution systems (MES) are and describe their relationship with other information systems. It summarizes the features of those significant MESs being used today and discusses their limitations and where they should evolve in order to accommodate customer needs for faster real-time response, the expanded functionality, and increased complexity, as well as computing technologies and research areas that support such evolution. The main message is that it is essential for a semiconductor manufacturer to invest into advanced MESs to keep them competitive in the severely intensified global marketplace. As an MES is deployed on the shop floor in a manufacturing enterprise, the manufacturing process becomes information driven, contributing to both overall productivity and the financial viability of the manufacturing enterprise. Lastly, recognizing that MES deployments are not restricted to the semiconductor industry, the advancements could be applied with little or no refinement to other automated manufacturing environments.     

CIMOSA: enterprise engineering and integration

Enterprises are rather complex systems which have to be managed for their internal affairs, but more importantly for the many relations to the different environments in which they are operating. Today, these environments are changing much more rapidly and the need for relevant information becomes of paramount importance in the decision making processes at all levels of enterprise management. Fluctuations in market demands, technology evolution and changing regulations require very flexible enterprise operations, capable of reacting to those changes. These reactions must be based on relevant and up-to-date information which must be supported by new decision support technology. The challenges in decision support concern the identification of relevant information, easy access and intelligent use of this information. Building and maintaining the enterprise knowledge base and enabling its efficient use for decision support are major tasks of enterprise engineering. Enterprise integration and its subsequent operation in the global environment of customers, suppliers and regulatory bodies will heavily depend on the availability and the continuous extension of this knowledge base. Enterprise modelling will play an important role in creating the knowledge base and in using it for enterprise integration and operational decision support. The paper discusses enterprise engineering as an enterprise life-cycle oriented discipline for identification, design, and implementation of enterprises and their continuous evolution. Current problems in the field are identified and initiatives are presented.     

企业集成信息参考模型的研究和设计

现有的大量企业“平台”均不能以理想方式应对企业的业务需求,如何设计集成的企业计算环境、实现“无界信息共享”已成了企业架构师需要面对的严峻挑战。建立了企业集成信息参考模型以帮助定位目前的问题,并对模型核心构件的相关特性进行了重点研究。作为企业体系结构建构过程中实际信息流的传递手段和知识库,参考模型为集成可用构件、现有系统平台及其它相关的体系结构资产提供通用的方法。     

基于ASPEN InfoPlus．21软件的实时数据库的实现

介绍了一个基于ASPEN InfoPlus，21软件建立起来的企业实时数据库系统实例，以一个分厂液化装置的现场实时数据采集为例，重点介绍了生产装置控制系统中过程数据的采集，以及如何将大型实时数据库与ERP系统有效集成，实现数据信息共享，搭建企业大型实时数据平台。     

Distributed computing power service coordination based on peer-to-peer grids architecture

As computational speed, storage capacity, and communication technologies steadily progress to the advanced levels, many business employments have utilized these improvements to aggregate distributed resources in various enterprise collaborating functionalities. Recently, grid computing has been identified as a critical technology by industry for enterprise computing and business-to-business computing. The concept of peer-to-peer (P2P) network is also evolving to an expanded usage in distributed networks for sharing the resources like the content files or real-time data for enterprise applications. Therefore, it is natural to include the grids and P2P to support environments that have features of both limiting case. In this paper, a new computing design – NaradaBrokering based Computing Power Services (NB-CPS) – has been applied to utilize the P2P grid to integrate the computational grids, distributed objects, P2P networks under the hybrid environment. In this study, the approach has been applied to analyze the robustness of digital watermark by filter bank selection and the performance can be improved in the aspect of speedup, stability and processing time. NB-CPS is not only suitable for executing computing works which are able to run in batches, but also be able to solve current issues in Web Services based Computing Power Service (WS-CPS) such as system resilience, fault tolerance, efficiency of job scheduling and the instability in congested network environment.     

Scheduling on-demand data broadcast in mixed-type request environments

In many on-demand broadcast environments, there can be a mix of requests, in which some of the requests have real-time constraints, while other requests have no time constraints associated with them. We refer to such environments as mixed-type environments. Existing strategies for on-demand data in broadcast systems typically only consider how to minimize the wait time of the requests, while scheduling strategies for real-time requests typically only consider how to minimize the number of deadlines missed. How to satisfy both of these constraints is a challenging problem whose solution can benefit many applications. In this paper, we present an on-demand broadcast cost model that is more general than existing broadcast cost models because it considers both response time and number of deadlines missed. An analysis of the system is presented as a Markov decision process to ascertain the feasibility of an optimal policy. We propose two scheduling strategies for mixed-type broadcast systems that are based on our cost model: maximum paid cost first and maximum value gained first. The simulation results show that both of our strategies always achieve the best result, when compared to existing broadcast strategies, for varying request arrival rates, real-time to non-real-time request ratios, missed deadline weight values, wait-time bounds on the non-real-time requests, and varying broadcast rates.     

Supporting the evolution and interoperability of organisational models with e-learning technologies

Models are instruments that allow agents to gain understanding and plan future steps required for being sustainable. Unfortunately, social, economical and ecological systems are in constant flux. The modelling process in a dynamic environment is a never ending, ongoing concern. As a theoretical lens for the analysis of enterprise sustainability the theory of Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) is used. This theory allows to capture dynamic aspects in models. Theoretical aspects of CASs are briefly introduced and used to analyse learning support for the active agents in the enterprise. A learning system is conceptualised. Support for enterprise models in general and the enterprises’ active agents in particular is discussed to show how to support getting along with the dynamics of the overall system. Interoperability is derived as a key property of the overall system. Interoperability requires system-parts to be independent, while supporting the overall system’s functionality. On the one hand multi-faced problems are independently analysed by active agents. On the other hand partial solutions realised by active agents need to be interoperable on the enterprise level. Taking a CAS point of view interoperability between system parts becomes a necessity, which, if not met, might bring the overall system to a halt. Requirements and properties for a support environment for organisations’ agents to keep pace with permanent changes in their environments are described. Technologies are presented that fit to the used theoretical point of view and support both: the individual evolution and learning of agents who update local models and the interoperability between models.     

海量数据搜索

目前，信息化建设存在的问题是：数据信息利用不充分，大量的数据仅以物理状态被简单地存储着。同时由于无法实现海量数据的高效搜索，使得这些数据无法为企业的发展提供决策支持。如何突破海量数据存储和搜索的瓶颈，让数据为企业决策提供支持已经成为信息化建设的重点。通过数据“变革”使得数据能够更合理的存储、更高效的搜索，智能地使用企业的数据财产来制定出更好的商务决策，以提高企业的竞争力。     

Decision strategies and design of agent interactions in hierarchical manufacturing systems

Decisions in manufacturing planning environments involve various interdependent hierarchical levels, ranging from shop-floor operations over production planning to enterprise coordination. Distributed decision making across these hierarchies reduces the complexity compared to an otherwise monolithic planning approach. We develop a stochastic model with two decision makers (agents) and analyze their strategic interaction using game theory. The mutual influence between agents depends on organizational parameters, which, in a first case, agents themselves can regulate, and, in a second case, an organizational designer can control. The model provides managerial insights on how to achieve cooperation among self-interested agents and how decisions and preferences of agents can be aligned with the goals of the organization. Moreover, we investigate the degree and fidelity of information necessary for optimal decision making. The model is applied to a manufacturing enterprise context.     

Enterprise agility and the enabling role of information technology

In turbulent environments, enterprise agility, that is, the ability of firms to sense environmental change and respond readily, is an important determinant of firm success. We define and deconstruct enterprise agility, delineate enterprise agility from similar concepts in the business research literature, explore the underlying capabilities that support enterprise agility, explicate the enabling role of information technology (IT) and digital options, and propose a method for measuring enterprise agility. The concepts in this paper are offered as foundational building blocks for the overall research program on enterprise agility and the enabling role of IT.     

DCLM framework: understanding collaboration in open-ended tabletop learning environments

There is a growing understanding of the unique ways that tabletops support effective collaboration; however, this research mostly focuses on environments in which learners work towards a single shared goal. Underpinning this perspective, either implicitly or explicitly, is the theory that collaborative learning is a process of attaining convergent conceptual change. However, this model of collaboration may not apply to all scenarios where learners are working together. In particular, informal, open-ended exploratory environments support (and often promote) shared activities where the goal may not be for all participants to emerge with a single, shared understanding. There is increased interest in understanding the efficacy of designs that support (and encourage) learners to collaborate while seeking divergent goals, ideas, and conceptions. This paper advances a framework (Divergent Collaboration Learning Mechanisms - DCLM) for recognizing and coding collaboration and divergent learning in such environments. We apply the DCLM framework to an informal tabletop environment (Oztoc) as a means of highlighting how DCLM may reveal new productive interactions environments that support divergent forms of collaboration, mentorship, and learning. Analysis of participants’ interactions within Oztoc revealed that participants who have non-aligned goals can still productively collaborate, and in many cases can provide insight and feedback that would not be possible in shared-goal activities. We conclude with an examination of how open-ended exploratory environments can support communities of practice and legitimate peripheral participation, and the importance of divergent inquiry and divergent conceptual change across a range of learning environments.     

动态不确定环境下的决策：一种分层决策模型

本文提出一种智能体分层决策结构模型，试图通过分层决策技术有效地解决动态、不确定环境中的智能体的实时决策问题。本模型的高层采用BDI结构，以便为较长期任务的规划和推理提供充分的支持；模型的底层采用反应式结构，以保证对短期实时任务的及时响应。实验结果表明了这种分层模型在某些复杂任务领域中的有效性。