盐辅助分散液液微萃取结合气相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测啤酒中N-二甲基亚硝胺

目的建立盐辅助分散液液微萃取(salt assisted dispersi ble liquid-liquid microextraction, SADLLME)气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, GC-MS/MS)检测啤酒中N-二甲基亚硝胺(N-dimethylnitrosamine, NDMA)的分析方法。方法取30 mL啤酒于50 mL的离心管中,加入浓度为1μg/mL的NDMA-d6甲醇溶液50μL,硫酸钠3 g,振荡溶解,快速打入二氯甲烷600μL,振荡1 min,离心,弃去上清液,取下层有机相,上机检测。结果方法在考察浓度为1～100μg/L的范围内线性良好,相关系数大于0.998;添加回收率为97.7%～104.8%,相对标准偏差为4.07%～8.46%;检出限为0.03μg/L,定量限为0.10μg/L。实际样品检测显示,啤酒样品中均检出含有NDMA,但含量远低于国际限量5μg/L,处于较安全水平。结论该方法具有样品处理简便、快速、成本低廉,方法检出限极低,准确度高,可满足啤酒中NDMA检测的需要。     

饱和盐辅助-分散液液微萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法快速筛查啤酒中氨基甲酸乙酯与9种挥发性亚硝胺

目的 建立饱和盐辅助-分散液液微萃取快速样品前处理,气相色谱-串联质谱法检测啤酒中氨基甲酸乙酯和9种挥发性亚硝胺包括N-亚硝基二甲胺、N-亚硝基二正丙胺、N-亚硝基二乙胺、N-亚硝基哌啶、N-亚硝基吡咯烷、N-亚硝基吗啉、N-亚硝基甲乙胺、N-亚硝基二丁胺和N-亚硝基二苯胺的新方法。方法 样品经甲醇提取,加入稳定同位素标记的目标物定量,在饱和碳酸钠辅助萃取下,猛力注入二氯甲烷进行SSA-DLLME,离心,取下层有机相进样,多反应监测（multiple reaction monitoring,MRM）模式进行GC-MS/MS检测,内标法定量。结果 该方法在考察的浓度范围内线性良好（r2＞0.997）,方法检出限（limits of detection,LODs）为0.10~0.34 μg/L,定量限（limits of quantitative,LOQs）为0.34~1.15 μg/L;3水平（1、5、10 μg/L）加标回收率为81.93%~119.84%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSDs)为 0.57%~13.04% (n=8)。结论 该方法样品处理极为简便、快捷,检出限低且准确度好,可满足啤酒中EC和9种挥发性亚硝胺快速筛查检测的需要。     

氢氧化钡处理-分散液液微萃取结合气相色谱-串联质谱法测定肉制品中9种N-亚硝胺

目的 建立氢氧化钡碱溶液-分散液液微萃取结合气相色谱-串联质谱法(gaschromatography-tandem massspectrometry,GC-MS/MS)同时测定肉制品中9种N-亚硝胺类化合物的分析方法。方法 肉制品样品在80℃水浴中经氢氧化钡碱溶液皂化,去除油脂干扰,进一步将N-亚硝胺提取到水溶液中,再加入甲醇(分散剂)和二氯甲烷(萃取剂)进行高效萃取富集,在多反应监测模式下分析,稳定同位素内标法定量。对影响萃取效率的因素进行考察,如样品提取步骤中的皂化条件,无机盐、萃取剂和分散剂的种类及体积等。通过优化色谱、质谱参数和前处理条件,获得最佳检测结果。结果 除了N-亚硝基二甲胺(N-nitrosodimethylamine, NDMA)的线性范围为2.5～50.0 ng,其他8种N-亚硝胺类化合物在1.0～50.0 ng范围内线性关系良好, 9种N-亚硝胺类化合物的相关系数(r2)范围为0.9954～0.9999,方法检出限和定量限分别为0.1～0.2μg/kg和0.2～0.5μg/kg。在火腿、五香鸡肉和牛肉样品中分别进行0.5、5.0μg/kg浓度水平的加标实验,所有...     

盐辅助分散液液微萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法检测葡萄酒中的氨基甲酸乙酯

目的建立了盐辅助分散液液微萃取(salt-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction,SADLLME),稳定同位素稀释,气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)检测葡萄酒中氨基甲酸乙酯(ethyl carbamate,EC)的方法。方法取30 mL葡萄酒于50 mL离心管中,加入浓度为10μg/mL的EC-d5溶液100μL和硫酸钠3 g,震荡溶解,注射针快速打入700μL二氯甲烷,震荡1 min,离心,取下层有机相,经DB-INNWAX UI色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)分离,多重反应监测方式进行质谱检测。结果方法在验证浓度范围内(5～1500 ng/mL),线性良好,r~2=0.9988,检出限为0.73μg/L,定量限为2.18μg/L,回收率为91.5%～97.8%,相对标准偏差为2.55%～5.26%。对市场上3个品牌红葡萄酒进行检测,EC含量为6.82～15.3μg/L。结论该方法样品处理简便、快速,相对绿色,定性、定量可靠,能够满足葡萄酒中EC风险监测的需要。     

液液萃取-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定奶嘴中12种N-亚硝胺释放量

目的建立液液萃取-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定奶嘴中12种N-亚硝胺释放量的分析方法。方法样品经人工唾液提取,采用HP-INNOWax色谱柱进行分离,采用分流进样的方式对样品进行上机分析。结果在浓度25~150μg/L内12种N-亚硝胺的线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.995。12种N-亚硝胺的检出限为2μg/kg,定量限为5μg/kg。方法回收率在94.44%~103.93%之间,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)在1.39%~2.73%之间。结论该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于奶嘴中12种N-亚硝胺的测定。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定传统腌菜中的N-亚硝胺

建立了气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)快速测定腌制蔬菜中N-亚硝胺含量的分析方法。采用固相萃取(SPE)结合GC/MS检测了N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)、N-二乙基亚硝胺(NDEA),考察了样品不同提取方法、不同固相萃取洗脱剂配比对分离效果的影响。结果表明,固相萃取相较于超声萃取,回收率高且峰图干净,而固相萃取中选用90%的甲醇水溶液作为洗脱剂,不仅回收率均可达90%以上,同时也减少了有机溶剂的使用量,优化后两种N-亚硝胺的线性范围均为0.1~10.0 mg/L;相关系数分别达到0.994和0.999;检出限为0.02 mg/L;回收率为90%~112%;相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于2.3%,重现性良好。该方法前处理简便、快速,易于操作,适合各类腌制蔬菜中N-亚硝胺的检测。     

氢氧化钡处理-活性炭柱固相萃取/GC-MS/MS检测腌制蔬菜中7种挥发性N-亚硝胺

建立氢氧化钡处理,活性炭柱固相萃取,气相色谱-串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)检测腌制蔬菜中挥发性N-亚硝胺的新方法。将10 g腌制蔬菜样品加入N-二甲基亚硝胺-d6和N-二丙基亚硝胺-d14内标于50 mL离心管中,经80℃密闭处理1h,离心分离,活性炭柱固相萃取,以DB-1701柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)气相色谱分离,串联质谱多重反应监测模式进行检测。结果表明,本法可实现对批量腌制蔬菜样本中7种N-亚硝胺的检测,其中N-二丙基亚硝胺(NDPA)的检出限和定量限分别≤0.08 ng/g和≤0.2 ng/g,N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)等其它6种N-亚硝胺检出限和定量限分别≤0.04 ng/g和≤0.1 ng/g;考察质量浓度范围内(1～100 ng/mL),线性良好,R2≥0.9993;0.1,1.0和5.0 ng/g三水平的加标回收率为82.1%～125.6%,相对标准偏差为0.10%～11.8%。对超市腌制蔬菜的抽样(n=46)监测表明,NDMA、N-亚硝基吗啉(NMOR)和N-亚硝基吡咯烷(NPYR)检出率为100%,N-二乙基亚硝胺(NDEA)、NDPA、N-亚硝基哌啶(NPIP)的检出率为71%～88%,N-甲乙基亚硝胺(NMEA)未检出;除NPYR含量较高,最高值为4.71 ng/g外,其它N-亚硝胺含量均在1 ng/g以下;腌制蔬菜中N-亚硝胺处于较安全水平。     

QuEChERS-气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法测定水产干制品中9种N-亚硝胺类化合物

建立了同时检测干制水产品中9种N-亚硝胺类化合物的气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)方法。采用QuEChERS(quick,easy,cheap,effective,rugged and safe)的前处理方法,样品经乙腈提取后,使用增强型脂质去除产品(Bond Elut EMR-Lipid)基质分散净化,以聚乙二醇石英毛细管柱HP-INNO-WAX(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)分离化合物,GC-MS/MS采用多反应监测模式(MRM)检测,外标法定量。结果表明,9种N-亚硝胺类化合物在0.30～50.00μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R~2)大于0.999,方法的检出限为0.3μg/kg,定量限为1.0μg/kg。对鱿鱼、虾干、蚝干和干贝4种基质分别添加1.00μg/kg、4.00μg/kg和10.00μg/kg 3个质量浓度进行加标回收试验,9种N-亚硝胺化合物的回收率为80.41%～113.73%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.34%～11.80%(n=6)。市售干制水产品N-二甲基亚硝胺、N-二乙基亚硝胺、N-二丁基亚硝胺、N-亚硝基吡咯烷和N-二苯基亚硝胺均有不同程度的检出。该方法前处理过程简单,节省成本,灵敏度高,稳定性好,定性准确,可快速同时对水产干制品中9种N-亚硝胺类化合物进行定性和定量分析。     

QuEChERS-VADLLME-内标法-GCMS/MS快速测定铁皮石斛中的农药残留

建立QuEChERS-涡流辅助分散液-液微萃取(vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction,VADLLME)-内标法-GC-MS/MS快速测定铁皮石斛中的农药残留。样品经乙腈溶液提取,旋涡超声后,滤液经N-丙基乙二胺(N- propyl ethylenediamine,PSA)吸附剂、C18吸附剂净化,净化后滤液过滤膜后取1 mL乙腈作为分散剂,加水4 mL,用0.1 mL四氯化碳萃取,涡旋混匀,形成乳浊液经离心后吸取下层萃取液,吹干后加外环氧七氯内标,再加正己烷定容,采用气相色谱-串联质谱仪(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,GC-MS/MS)测定。试验对萃取、富集和净化等影响因素进行优化。试验条件优化后,各农药的富集倍数可达47倍~106倍,检出限为0.353 μg/kg^1.14 μg/kg,线性范围为0.002 mg/kg^0.5 mg/kg,相关系数为0.990 5~0.999 9,平均加标回收率为77.5 %~97.7 %,相对标准偏差0.6 %~8.4 %。     

分散液液微萃取/气相色谱-串联质谱技术联用快速测定酱油中糠醛类物质

建立了分散液液微萃取/气相色谱-串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)测定酱油中糠醛、5-甲基糠醛、5-羟甲基糠醛的方法。样品经乙腈提取,提取液进一步进行分散液液微萃取(DLLME)处理,然后用GC-MS/MS多反应监测模式(MRM)进行测定。3种糠醛物质在0.002～10 mg/L范围内均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数R≥0.999;检出限(S/N=3)为0.005～0.01 mg/kg,加标回收率为87.6%～100.2%。该法简便、快速、可靠、灵敏度高,适用于酱油中糠醛类物质的测定。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press