双视角下多特征信息融合的步态识别

针对步态识别研究中单视角识别率低、多视角算法复杂等问题,开展了双视角下的步态识别研究.考察正面视角人体的轮廓特征和侧面视角人体行走的动态特征,利用多视角步态信息互补性强的特点,分别从正面视角和侧面视角获取步态序列,预处理得到单连通人体轮廓图形,然后对正面视角提取Procrustes均值形状,侧面视角计算动作能量图(AEI)并经二维局部保留映射(2D LPP)降维,最后将2个视角下的识别结果进行融合从而获得最终的识别结果.在中科院自动化所的DatasetB数据库上进行了实验,获得了较高的识别率,达到了预期的识别效果.     

基于多视角自步学习的人体动作识别方法

自步学习的动作识别方法采用课程学习的思路,忽略了不同视角动作特征对课程的影响,对多分类的人体两维视频复杂动作识别无法取得满意效果。针对上述问题,提出一种多视角自步学习算法。选取5个视角并提取Trajectory、HOG、HOF、MBHx和MBHy作为各自视角下的特征信息,利用自步学习算法学习得出对应视角下的动作分类课程,使用线性规划增强方法将不同视角下的课程进行融合,得出更适合解决多类复杂动作识别问题的综合课程。实验结果表明,相比单一视角自步学习方法和多视角支持向量机方法,该方法提高了多类复杂动作识别的效率和准确率,具有更高的可操作性和更广泛的应用前景。     

基于隐马尔可夫模型的多摄像头人体对象的目标识别

在非重叠多摄像机系统的人体对象目标识别中,针对基于单幅图片的识别算法不能较好处理对象表观和视角变化的问题,提出基于人体图像序列的算法。该算法用隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)融合多幅图片的特征,先考虑人体结构的约束,将人体图像在垂直方向上划分为多个相等的图像区域;然后采用多层阈值分割算法提取区域代表性颜色特征(SRC)和标准差特征(SSV);再用每个人体对象的多幅图片提取的特征数据集训练该对象的连续密度HMM;最后利用训练的模型实现人体对象的目标识别。该方法在两个公开数据集上进行的实验都获得了较高的识别率,提高了对摄像头视角变化、低分辨率的鲁棒性,且简单易实现。     

基于Transformer的人体动作识别

为实现人体动作的精准识别,判断人体行为,提出基于Transformer的人体动作识别方法。以注意力机制神经网络为基础,引入Transformer框架,构建人体动作识别网络模型;该模型利用注意力机制提取视频中关键信息特征,同时依据Transformer模块提取动作帧的时间特征,将提取的两种特征融合后输入分类器中,经由模型的分类器完成动作分类识别。测试结果表明,该方法具有较好的应用效果,能够精准识别视频图像中的人体动作情况,判断人体行为。     

基于多区域分割的步态表示与识别算法研究

提出了一种基于多区域分割的步态表示方法,将视频中的目标人体区域部分按人体结构特点划分为多个子区,每个子区通过连接人体重心的椭圆进行拟和,建立多连接椭圆的人体结构模型,预处理阶段引入一个归一化过程以实现对各种视角下的步态序列进行表示.识别过程将模型参数作为步态特征,并引入了一定的融合机制对特征进行选择和融合.实验表明,该算法对于多个视角下的步态序列均具有较好的识别性能.     

一种面向加密流量的网络应用识别方法

为实现网络流量的有效管控,提出一种基于安全套接层(SSL)协议交互字段与多输入最大化单输出隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)的加密应用并行识别方法.将来自客户端或者服务器的单向数据流SSL协议交互阶段的字段作为HMM模型的观测序列,并对所有待识别的加密应用建立HMM模型形成指纹库.在此基础上,利用前向算法计算未知观测序列被识别为HMM模型的概率,选取概率最大HMM模型所对应的加密应用作为识别结果.实验结果表明,与传统应用识别方法相比,该方法对典型加密应用具有更好的识别效果及鲁棒性.     

局部特征与全局特征结合的HMM静态手势识别

针对静态手势识别问题,提出了一种综合考虑局部形状与全局轮廓的隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)静态手势识别算法。该算法提取局部形状熵特征与上层轮廓特征分别作为训练数据训练每类手势的HMM参数。测试时,先凭借局部形状熵特征得出初步识别结果,然后根据初步识别结果的模糊性,附加与局部特征互补的上层轮廓特征进行再识别,得出最终识别结果。实验结果表明,该算法对于形状差异占主导地位的手势库有很好的效果,并且将静态手势的空间序列模拟成时间序列使得静态手势识别具有空间尺度不变性;同时该算法合理控制特征维数,一定程度上弱化了HMM训练时间长的弊端,加快了识别的速度。     

一种基于DSmT和HMM的序列飞机目标识别算法

针对姿态多变化的飞机自动目标识别中的低识别率问题, 提出了一种基于DSmT (Dezert-Smarandache theory)与隐马尔可夫模型(Hidden Markov model, HMM)的飞机多特征序列信息融合识别算法(Multiple features and sequential information fusion, MFSIF). 其创新性在于将单幅图像的多特征信息融合识别和序列图像信息融合识别进行有机结合.首先, 对图像进行二值化预处理, 并提取目标的Hu矩和轮廓局部奇异值特征; 然后, 利用概率神经网络(Probabilistic neural networks, PNN)构造基本信度赋值(Basic belief assignment, BBA); 接着, 利用DSmT对该图像的不同特征进行融合,从而获得HMM的观察值序列;再接着, 利用隐马尔可夫模型对飞机序列信息融合, 计算观察值序列与各隐马尔可夫模型之间的相似度, 从而实现姿态多变化的飞机目标自动识别;最后, 通过仿真实验, 验证了该算法在飞机姿态发生较大变化时, 依然可以获得较高的正确识别率,同时在实时性方面也可以满足飞机目标识别的要求. 另外, 在飞机序列发生连续遮挡帧数τ ≤ 6的情况下, 也具有较高的飞机目标正确识别率.     

多特征的双人交互动作识别算法研究

运动特征的选择直接影响基于整体的双人交互动作识别算法的识别效果。单一的特征因其适应范围不同,受到人体的外观、环境、摄像机设置等因素的影响,识别效果往往不太理想。在研究双人交互动作的表征与识别的基础上,充分考虑不同特征的优缺点,提出了一种结合局部的光流特征、局部的剪影特征以及HOG(histogram of oriented gradient)特征的混合特征,使用帧帧最近邻分类器获得3个特征的识别概率,最终通过加权融合3个特征的识别概率实现交互行为的识别。实验结果表明,对于UT-interaction数据库,该算法得到了较为理想的识别结果,混合特征可将识别率提高到91.7%。     

共享转换矩阵的胶囊网络及其融合视角特征的跨视角步态识别

步态识别具有非接触性、非侵犯性、易感知等优势,然而,在跨视角的步态识别中,行人的轮廓会随人的视角的变化而不同,从而影响步态识别的性能。为此,提出了共享转换矩阵的胶囊网络及其改进的动态路由算法,从而减少了网络训练参数。在此基础上,通过融合视角特征,利用Triplet损失与Margin损失提出了融合视角特征的跨视角步态识别模型。在CASIA-B数据集上的实验结果表明,使用共享转换矩阵的胶囊网络提取步态特征是有效的,在正常行走、携带背包、穿戴外套条件下,所提融合视角特征的模型在识别准确率上比基于卷积神经网络的跨视角步态识别方法提高了4.13%,且对跨较大视角的步态识别具有更好的性能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。