天山一号冰川红酵母BC-1发酵产类胡萝卜素培养条件优化

该文研究天山一号冰川红酵母BC-1发酵产类胡萝卜素的条件研究,通过研究影响类胡萝卜素产量的碳源、氮源、培养时间、维生素的添加量,初步得出最佳的单因素分别是碳源麦芽糖,氮源酵母粉,培养时间168h,维生素C添加量15g/L.然后根据这些单因素水平进行正交试验,最后得出晟佳培养基方案为:麦芽糖35g/L,酵母粉15g/L,培养时间168h,VC添加量为10g/L,在此条件下,类胡萝卜素最高产量可达10.08mg/L.     

高产角蛋白酶耐盐菌Bacillus sp.K-18的筛选及发酵特性研究

通过酪蛋白初筛、羊毛降解复筛,选出一株高效产角蛋白酶耐盐菌K-18,结合菌株的形态学观察和生理生化特性,鉴定该菌为Bacillus sp.。对其进行产酶发酵条件优化,得出最佳培养基配方为:葡萄糖5.9 g/L,胰蛋白胨10.1 g/L,最佳培养条件为:培养温度39℃,初始培养基pH值8,培养时间60 h,在此条件下,菌株发酵液角蛋白酶活力达到289.9 U/m L。该耐盐角蛋白酶在盐腌皮脱毛工业方面具有一定的应用前景。     

一株产蛋白酶不动杆菌的分离与酶学性质

以脱脂奶粉或羊毛粉为唯一碳氮源,从环境样品中筛选蛋白酶产生菌,首次获得一株高产蛋白酶的醋酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)E9,初步发酵优化显示,该菌株的最适发酵产酶温度35℃,培养基初始p H 6.0,接种量为质量分数4%,培养时间30 h;发酵培养基:蔗糖10 g/L,牛肉膏15 g/L,K_2HPO_4·3H_2O 7 g/L,KH_2PO_4 3 g/L,MgCl_2·6H_2O 1 g/L。酶学性质初步研究表明,不动杆菌E9所产的蛋白酶属于中性蛋白酶,最适作用温度50℃,最适pH 8.0,在p H5.0~8.0及40℃以下时具有良好的稳定性,酶反应动力学参数Km为7.067 mg/m L,Vmax为966.7μg/(m L·min)。     

枝孢菌AY-42产纤维素酶液态发酵优化

为提高枝孢菌AY-42纤维素酶的产量,通过单因素、响应面法优化其培养基成分及产酶条件。采用单因素试验确定了最适碳氮源分别为油菜秸秆粉和酵母粉。采用Plackett-Burman(PB)试验筛选出3个最显著的影响因素:MgSO₄·7H₂O、油菜秸秆粉、KH₂PO₄。进一步采用响应面优化后得到培养基组成:油菜秸秆粉12.5g/L,酵母粉2g/L,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.75g/L,NaCl 0.5g/L,KH₂PO₄5g/L,FeSO₄·7H₂O 0.01g/L。采用优化后的培养基优化培养条件,结果表明:最佳培养时间为3d,最佳接种量为5%,最适装液量为70mL,最适转速为200r/min,最佳培养温度为28℃。优化后CMC酶活提高到(4.20±0.06)IU,相比优化前酶活3.23IU提高了30.03%,产酶能力得到较大提升。该研究为枝孢菌应用于纤维素酶生产提供了一定理...     

链霉菌产磷脂酶D发酵培养基的优化

为得到产磷脂酶D的最优培养基组成,以一株分离至土壤的链霉菌为研究对象,以菌体浓度和酶活为测量指标,进行单因素和正交试验。以各种碳源、氮源为考察因素,分析各因素对产磷脂酶D的影响,确定最佳碳源和最佳氮源分别为玉米淀粉、大豆蛋白胨和酵母粉。在单因素试验的基础上进行正交试验,确定最佳碳源和氮源的配比。在正交试验结果基础上,通过单因素实验确定无机盐K2HPO4和MgSO4的添加量。最终确定其最佳配方为:玉米淀粉10 g/L,大豆蛋白胨10 g/L,酵母粉5 g/L,K2HPO42 g/L,MgSO40.3g/L。用该配方培养菌株24 h后,酶活达到最高为3.53 U/mL,是优化前的1.63倍,为产磷脂酶D链霉菌大规模发酵提供了依据。     

响应面法优化红曲霉固态发酵产Monacolin K工艺条件的研究

采用响应面分析方法,对红曲霉菌株(Monascus ruber GM A4)固态发酵产Monacolin K的工艺条件进行优化研究,提高产Monacolin K的浓度,运用单因子实验筛选出可溶性淀粉和酵母粉为最适碳源和氮源,确定发酵产Monacolin K的最佳培养时间为20天,初始含水量为40%以及添加前体乙酸钠浓度为1.2%,通过全因子实验,对影响产Monacolin K的4个重要因素进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的2个因子:初始含水量、乙酸钠。通过最陡爬坡逼近以上2个因子的最大响应区域后,采用Central Composite Design(CCD)响应面分析法,确定产Monacolin K最佳工艺条件为:可溶性淀粉40g/L,酵母粉30g/L,乙酸钠14.6g/L,初始含水量51.2%,32℃培养3天,再26℃培养17天。在此条件下,Monacolin K产量达到15.49mg/g,比优化前条件:葡萄糖30g/L,蛋白胨20g/L,酵母粉20g/L,乙酸钠12g/L,初始含水量40%所得到的Monacolin K浓度11.03mg/g提高了40.4%。     

重组大肠杆菌产谷氨酰胺转氨酶的发酵条件优化

以谷氨酰胺转氨酶生产菌株重组大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）/mtg为研究对象,对工程菌的发酵产酶条件进行了优化。首先通过单因素实验法,对培养基碳、氮源种类及浓度、培养温度、初始p H、装液量、接种量、诱导时机、诱导浓度、诱导温度及诱导时间进行了优化;随后采用Plackett-Burman设计从中筛选出3个关键影响因子:初始p H、培养温度及诱导温度;最后通过Box-Benhnken设计建立上述3个因子对谷氨酰胺转氨酶比酶活的响应面模型。结果表明,最佳发酵条件为:葡萄糖5 g/L,酵母粉28 g/L,蛋白胨14 g/L,培养温度34℃,初始p H7.0,装液量50 m L（250 m L三角瓶）,接种量5%,诱导时机4 h,IPTG浓度0.6 mmol/L,诱导温度25℃,诱导时间14 h。在该条件下,优化后的谷氨酰胺转氨酶比酶活达1.507 U/mg,为未优化前的1.56倍。      

解淀粉芽孢杆菌GSB a-1产凝乳酶培养基组成的优化

从甜酒曲中分离筛选得到1株解淀粉芽孢杆菌菌株GSBa-1,为了提高该菌株液态发酵产凝乳酶的能力,采用单因素实验和响应面法优化其产酶培养基组成。通过单因素实验分析了碳源、氮源、金属盐、磷源对菌株GSBa-1产凝乳酶的影响,并采用响应面法对产酶培养基中麦芽糖、蛋白胨和酵母浸粉含量3个主要因素的优化组合进行了定量研究,确定解淀粉芽孢杆菌GSBa-1产凝乳酶的优化培养基组成为:麦芽糖1.93 g/L、蛋白胨10.89 g/L、酵母浸粉2.15 g/L。在此优化培养基培养条件下,该菌株产凝乳酶活力可达(562.57±7.67)Su/m L,接近理论预测值537.10 Su/m L,且平均误差为4.53%。优化后解淀粉芽孢杆菌GSBa-1产凝乳酶活力比基础培养基提高了1.88倍。     

产氨基甲酸乙酯降解酶酵母菌的筛选鉴定及发酵条件优化

采用选择性培养基,从36株酵母菌中分离纯化得到4株(Y4、Y9、Y13、N6)产氨基甲酸乙酯降解酶酵母菌,通过ITS序列比对,均属于Pichia kudriavzevii。通过单因素试验和正交试验,对Y13菌株产EC水解酶的发酵条件进行优化。结果表明:最优条件是以10g/L麦芽糖为碳源;以30g/L酵母浸粉为氮源;接种量为6%;培养基中EC的底物浓度为5.00%,装液量为20%,初始pH为6,培养温度为28℃,培养时间为120h。     

Actinobacillus succinogenes NJ113利用豆饼粉为氮源发酵制备丁二酸

考察了不同廉价氮源对A.succinogenes NJ113发酵产酸的影响,结果显示豆饼粉效果较佳。考察A.succi-nogenes NJ113以豆饼粉为氮源发酵制备丁二酸对菌体生长和产酸的影响。结果表明,A.succinogenes NJ113能够利用豆饼粉作氮源发酵制备丁二酸。单独以豆饼粉为氮源时菌体最多能消耗50 g/L初糖。在3 L发酵罐上进行分别以15.53 g/L豆饼粉和10 g/L酵母粉为氮源对A.succinogenes NJ113进行发酵,其中以豆饼粉为氮源时丁二酸产量为35.20 g/L,收率为70.40%,与酵母粉发酵效果相当,副产物甲酸、乙酸浓度分别由9.49 g/L和6.27 g/L降至4.44 g/L和1.14 g/L,乳酸浓度由0.44 g/L增加至2.91 g/L,发酵时间由20 h延长至48 h。以葡萄糖为碳源时,豆饼粉最多能替代6 g/L酵母粉进行发酵,并且最多能消耗100 g/L初糖,丁二酸产量达71.30 g/L。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press