共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Lee J Wu J Ryu JH Liu Z Meitl M Zhang YW Huang Y Rogers JA 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,8(12):1851-1856
Notched islands on a thin elastomeric substrate serve as a platform for dual-junction GaInP/GaAs solar cells with microscale dimensions and ultrathin forms for stretchable photovoltaic modules. These designs allow for a high degree of stretchability and areal coverage, and they provide a natural form of strain-limiting behavior, helping to avoid destructive effects of extreme deformations. 相似文献
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Stretchable energy storage and conversion devices (ESCDs) are attracting intensive attention due to their promising and potential applications in realistic consumer products, ranging from portable electronics, bio‐integrated devices, space satellites, and electric vehicles to buildings with arbitrarily shaped surfaces. Material synthesis and structural design are core in the development of highly stretchable supercapacitors, batteries, and solar cells for practical applications. This review provides a brief summary of research development on the stretchable ESCDs in the past decade, from structural design strategies to novel materials synthesis. The focuses are on the fundamental insights of mechanical characteristics of materials and structures on the performance of the stretchable ESCDs, as well as challenges for their practical applications. Finally, some of the important directions in the areas of material synthesis and structural design facing the stretchable ESCDs are discussed. 相似文献
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Li Nian Ke Gao Yufeng Jiang Qikun Rong Xiaowen Hu Dong Yuan Feng Liu Xiaobin Peng Thomas P. Russell Guofu Zhou 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2017,29(29)
High‐efficiency small‐molecule‐based organic photovoltaics (SM‐OPVs) using two electron donors (p ‐DTS(FBTTh2)2 and ZnP) with distinctively different absorption and structural features are reported. Such a combination works well and synergically improves device short‐circuit current density (J sc) to 17.99 mA cm?2 and fill factor (FF) to 77.19%, yielding a milestone efficiency of 11%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest power conversion efficiency reported for SM‐OPVs to date and the first time to combine high J sc over 17 mA cm?2 and high FF over 77% into one SM‐OPV. The strategy of using multicomponent materials, with a selecting role of balancing varied electronic and structural necessities can be an important route to further developing higher performance devices. This development is important, which broadens the dimension and versatility of existing materials without much chemistry input. 相似文献
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Peng Zhang Jiang Wu Ting Zhang Yafei Wang Detao Liu Hao Chen Long Ji Chunhua Liu Waseem Ahmad Zhi David Chen Shibin Li 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(3)
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have developed rapidly over the past few years, and the power conversion efficiency of PSCs has exceeded 20%. Such high performance can be attributed to the unique properties of perovskite materials, such as high absorption over the visible range and long diffusion length. Due to the different diffusion lengths of holes and electrons, electron transporting materials (ETMs) used in PSCs play a critical role in PSCs performance. As an alternative to TiO2 ETM, ZnO materials have similar physical properties to TiO2 but with much higher electron mobility. In addition, there are many simple and facile methods to fabricate ZnO nanomaterials with low cost and energy consumption. This review focuses on recent developments in the use of ZnO ETM for PSCs. The fabrication methods of ZnO materials are briefly introduced. The influence of different ZnO ETMs on performance of PSCs is then reviewed. The limitations of ZnO ETM‐based PSCs and some solutions to these challenges are also discussed. The review provides a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the influence of different ZnO ETMs on PSCs performance and potentially motivates further development of PSCs by extending the knowledge of ZnO‐based PSCs to TiO2‐based PSCs. 相似文献
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The efficiency of organic solar cells can benefit from multijunction device architectures, in which energy losses are substantially reduced. Herein, recent developments in the field of solution‐processed multijunction organic solar cells are described. Recently, various strategies have been investigated and implemented to improve the performance of these devices. Next to developing new materials and processing methods for the photoactive and interconnecting layers, specific layers or stacks are designed to increase light absorption and improve the photocurrent by utilizing optical interference effects. These activities have resulted in power conversion efficiencies that approach those of modern thin film photovoltaic technologies. Multijunction cells require more elaborate and intricate characterization procedures to establish their efficiency correctly and a critical view on the results and new insights in this matter are discussed. Application of multijunction cells in photoelectrochemical water splitting and upscaling toward a commercial technology is briefly addressed. 相似文献
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Key aspects of Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) have been reviewed in this tutorial. Issues pertaining to the choice of materials, fabrication processes, photophysical mechanisms, device characterization, morphology of active layers and manufacturing are discussed. Special emphasis has been given to recent developments in large-area modules. Current strategies in enhancing the performance using external optical engineering approaches have also been highlighted. OPVs as a technology combine low weight, flexibility, low cost, good form factor and high-throughput processing; making them a promising PV technology for the future. 相似文献
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《Small Methods》2018,2(7)
Flexible and stretchable solar cells have attracted much attention in both the academic and industrial communities due to their huge application potential in many areas, such as buildings, decoration, transportation, fashion, and portable and wearable electronics. In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as the most promising photovoltaic technology, simultaneously offering high efficiency, light weight, low cost, low‐temperature and solution‐processing ability, and material flexibility, which are essential for flexible and stretchable applications. Here, a detailed review is presented on the development of flexible and stretchable PSCs, in terms of the choices of active, interfacial, conductive, and substrate materials, as well as device structures. First, some fundamental principles of PSCs regarding their suitability for flexible and stretchable applications are introduced. Then, the developments and evolving methods of several important materials of flexible devices, including flexible and stretchable substrates, electrodes, and interfacial layers, are summarized. The design of the device structure, which is directly related to the performance in flexibility and stretchability, is also discussed. Finally, conclusions are presented and some promising research directions for flexible and stretchable PSCs in the future are highlighted. 相似文献
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Saimeng Li;Mengyuan Gao;Kangkang Zhou;Xin Li;Kaihu Xian;Wenchao Zhao;Yu Chen;Chunyong He;Long Ye; 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2024,36(8):2307278
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have potential for applications in wearable electronics. Except for high power conversion efficiency (PCE), excellent tensile properties and mechanical stability are required for achieving high-performance wearable OSCs, while the present metrics barely meet the stretchable requirements. Herein, this work proposes a facile and low-cost strategy for constructing intrinsically stretchable OSCs by introducing a readily accessible polymer elastomer as a diluent for all-polymer photovoltaic blends. Remarkably, record-high stretchability with a fracture strain of up to 1000% and mechanical stability with elastic recovery >90% under cyclic tensile tests are realized in the OSCs active layers for the first time. Specifically, the tensile properties of best-performing all-polymer photovoltaic blends are increased by up to 250 times after blending. Previously unattainable performance metrics (fracture strain >50% and PCE >10%) are achieved simultaneously for the resulting photovoltaic films. Furthermore, an overall evaluation parameter y is proposed for the efficiency-cost- stretchability balance of photovoltaic blend films. The y value of dilute-absorber system is two orders of magnitude greater than those of prior state-of-the-art systems. Additionally, intrinsically stretchable devices are prepared to showcase the mechanical stability. Overall, this work offers a new avenue for constructing and comprehensively evaluating intrinsically stretchable organic electronic films. 相似文献
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Munkhbayar Batmunkh Yu Lin Zhong Huijun Zhao 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(31):2000631
Perovskite-based solar cells have attracted great attention due to their low cost and high photovoltaic (PV) performance. In addition to their success in the PV sector, there has been growing interest in employing perovskites in energy-efficient smart windows and other building technologies owing to their large absorption coefficient and color tunability. The major challenge lies in integrating perovskite materials into windows and building facades and combining them with added functionalities while maintaining their remarkable power conversion efficiencies. Herein, advances that have been made in the application of perovskites to building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) in four areas are highlighted: semitransparent windows, colorful wall facades, electrochromic windows, and thermochromic windows. In addition, the opportunities and challenges of this cutting-edge research area and important roadmaps for the future use of perovskites in BIPVs are discussed. 相似文献
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Meng Li Wei-Wei Zuo Antonio Gaetano Ricciardulli Ying-Guo Yang Yan-Hua Liu Qiong Wang Kai-Li Wang Gui-Xiang Li Michael Saliba Diego Di Girolamo Antonio Abate Zhao-Kui Wang 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(38):2003422
The rapid development of Internet of Things mobile terminals has accelerated the market's demand for portable mobile power supplies and flexible wearable devices. Here, an embedded metal-mesh transparent conductive electrode (TCE) is prepared on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) using a novel selective electrodeposition process combined with inverted film-processing methods. This embedded nickel (Ni)-mesh flexible TCE shows excellent photoelectric performance (sheet resistance of ≈0.2–0.5 Ω sq−1 at high transmittance of ≈85–87%) and mechanical durability. The PET/Ni-mesh/polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS PH1000) hybrid electrode is used as a transparent electrode for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which exhibit excellent electric properties and remarkable environmental and mechanical stability. A power conversion efficiency of 17.3% is obtained, which is the highest efficiency for a PSC based on flexible transparent metal electrodes to date. For perovskite crystals that require harsh growth conditions, their mechanical stability and environmental stability on flexible transparent embedded metal substrates are studied and improved. The resulting flexible device retains 76% of the original efficiency after 2000 bending cycles. The results of this work provide a step improvement in flexible PSCs. 相似文献
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Vanira Trifiletti Norberto Manfredi Andrea Listorti Davide Altamura Cinzia Giannini Silvia Colella Giuseppe Gigli Aurora Rizzo 《Advanced Materials Interfaces》2016,3(22)
Hybrid halide perovskite solar cells generally show differences in the power output depending on the voltage sweep direction, an undesired phenomenon termed hysteresis. Although the causes of this behavior have not yet been univocally determined, commonly, hysteresis heavily affects solar cells based on flat TiO2 as electron extracting layer. Herein, it is shown how perovskite material quality has a preeminent impact on hysteresis, and how combined deposition and post‐deposition engineered manufacturing could lead to highly efficient and hysteresis‐less solar cells, notwithstanding a planar TiO2‐based layout. This methodology relies on solvent engineering during the casting process, leading to an ultra‐flat, uniform, and thick film ensuring an optimal interface connection with the charge‐extracting layer combined with post‐deposition thermal and vacuum treatments, which merge the crystalline domains and cure the defects at the grain boundaries. This method allows obtaining perovskite active layer with superior optical properties, explaining the ideal device behavior and performances, therefore, a simple optimization of perovskite processing conditions can efficiently stem hysteresis targeting different device layouts. Power conversion efficiency of 15.4% and reduced hysteresis are achieved. 相似文献
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S. Cassette S. L. Delage E. Chartier D. Floriot M. A. Poisson J. C. Garcia C. Grattepain J.Mimila Arroyo R. Plana S. W. Bland 《Materials Science and Engineering: B》2001,80(1-3):279-283
We report the result of investigation on hydrogen effects on GaInP/GaAs HBT structures originating from different MOCVD and CBE suppliers. It is demonstrated that hydrogen gives rise to initial unstable electrical behaviour by cross-examination of samples with and without hydrogen either intrinsically or by thermal-assisted removal. Annealing conditions to remove hydrogen have been optimized on the basis of SIMS analyses and Gummel plot characteristics to control eventual degradation of the junctions. It has been found that under particular doping and growth conditions, C2---H complexes can be formed. These defects appear more stable than C---H complexes which may explain the difficulty to remove hydrogen from some epitaxial layers. 相似文献