Partitioning rules for orchestrating mobile information systems

New mobile technologies such as Bluetooth or Wi-Fi suffer from many limitations and problems, especially when they are used in combination, whereas they are quite stable in small networks. The lack of specialised mobile middleware requires new methods in the design and execution of mobile information systems. We propose a two-phase approach to manage a mobile business process by partitioning a given workflow into several workflows, with each one governed by a controller. In the first phase, we introduce synchronisation tasks between different controllers. In the second phase, we create for each controller a local process view. Thanks to added tasks, the overall execution of all local workflows achieve the same result as the original one. The mobile scenario and the necessity for more automation lead us to choose the Business Process Execution Language for Web Services (BPEL4WS) as the language for the process definition.     

基于TLA的Web服务组合研究

随着以Web服务为基础的面向服务的体系结构的发展,如何有效地组合自治的、分布的、不同功能的Web服务以构建新的企业业务应用逐渐成为研究热点.简单介绍了Conversation模型的概念,利用该模型作为中介,将组合Web服务的BPEL描述转化为Conversation模型,再将Conversation模型转换为TLA表达式.并给出了具体的算法.     

A Web-based, Offline-able, and Personalized Runtime Environment for executing applications on mobile devices

An increasing number of people use cell phones daily. Users are not only capable of making phone calls, but can also install applications on their mobile phones. When creating mobile applications, developers usually encounter the cross-platform incompatibility problem (for example, iPhone applications cannot be executed on the Android platform). Moreover, because mobile Web browsers have increasingly supported more and more Web-related standards, Web applications are more possible to be executed on different platforms than mobile applications. However, the problem of Web application is that it cannot be executed in offline mode. This study proposes a Web-based platform for executing applications on mobile devices. This platform provides several services for developers such as offline service, content adaptation service, and synchronization service. With the help of the proposed platform, application developers can develop and publish offline Web applications easily with simplified external Web content and synchronization capability.     

面向移动设备的基于Web Service的图像处理技术

移动设备计算资源的有限性导致现有的基于集中式计算模式的图像处理软件很难运行在移动设备中。针对这一问题,提出了一种面向移动设备的基于Web Service的图像处理解决方案,该方案将图像处理任务分配给服务提供者,服务注册中心,服务请求者,由三方共同完成,从而降低了移动设备在图像处理时的资源消耗量。相比于传统的图像处理方式,基于Web Service的图像处理方式具有松散耦合,面向组件的优点;并且可以充分利用分布在异构网络上的计算资源,从而很好地解决了传统图像处理方式在移动设备上资源受限的瓶颈。     

移动网络中Web服务应用架构研究

提出一个应用于移动网络的Web服务交互通信体系架构,其将基于XML的系统通信的负担从移动客户转移到外部中间件上,该中间件像网关一样,使用快速的二进制协议以客户/服务器方式与移动设备进行轻量级通信,并同时负责解析对Web服务的请求。     

移动计算中基于Mobile Agent的Web Services订阅调用模型

在分析了移动环境的特点以及传统J2ME应用程序Web Services调用的问题之后,针对传统移动环境下调用Web Ser-vices存在的问题,提出了基于Mobile Agent并结合订阅的Web Services调用模型,讨论了该模型的原理以及方法,提出了简单消息通信模式,代理服务器和订阅机制以及移动代理迁移策略.最后,结合该改进模型在中石化胜利油田中的实际应用,总结了它适用于移动环境的几个特点,比较了改进模型与传统模型调用Web Services的效率,表明了其正确性和适用性.     

基于Web的手机信息管理平台的设计与实现

提出了一种通过Web方式来管理个人手机信息的管理平台解决方案,该平台采用了一种融合MD5和对称加密算法的混合加密技术实现单方加密多方解密的安全应用模型,保证了手机备份信息的安全存放。用户通过该平台不但可以轻松地实现个人手机信息的备份、恢复和整合,还可以随时随地获取自己备份的信息。     

面向LBS的移动空间信息服务研究

GIS技术、移动终端无线定位技术、空间信息无线传输技术、空间信息移动表现技术的不断发展,为移动空间信息服务的产生和发展提供了新的契机。在分析了移动空间信息服务概念和类型的基础上,提出了移动空间信息服务的体系结构和主要设计思想,最后讨论了实现移动空间信息服务的几个关键技术。     

基于SRP协议的Web服务移动agent访问控制研究*

针对Web服务安全问题中的访问控制,提出将移动agent引入Web服务的安全访问控制模型,基于SRP协议对Web服务附加了一个独立的访问控制代理层,实现了基于移动agent的Web服务访问控制模型,并对控制流程进行了描述。     

基于SRP协议的Web服务移动agent访问控制研究*

针对Web服务安全问题中的访问控制,提出将移动agent引入Web服务的安全访问控制模型,基于SRP协议对Web服务附加了一个独立的访问控制代理层,实现了基于移动agent的Web服务访问控制模型,并对控制流程进行了描述。     

基于Web服务和移动代理的移动客户端数据管理模型

在分析现有的移动数据库体系结构的基础上,将移动代理技术和Web服务以及语义信息引入到移动数据库,提出了一个客户端／移动代理黼服务／服务器4层体系结构以及基于此体系结构的移动客户端数据管理模型（MDM）。     

基于移动Agent和Web服务的分布式地理信息查找研究

提出并实现了一种基于移动Agent和Web服务进行分布式地理信息查找的系统框架。根据系统的查找策略移动Agent可以对分布于网络中的地理信息进行自主搜索,利用移动Agent和Web服务之间的交互可以允许多种类型的应用程序透明访问查找服务。     

Effects of mobile devices on K–12 students' achievement: a meta‐analysis

In this meta‐analytic study, we investigated the effects of mobile devices on student achievement in science, mathematics and reading in grades K–12. Based on our inclusion criteria, we searched the ERIC and PsycINFO databases and identified 14 peer‐reviewed research articles published between 2010 and 2014. We identified the device type, subject area, intervention language, grade level, study design and implementer (i.e., of the intervention) as potential moderator variables that may influence student achievement in the targeted content areas. We followed a three‐level meta‐analytic procedure to estimate the overall effect of these variables and explain the variation in outcomes. The results suggest that use of mobile devices in teaching yielded higher achievement scores than traditional teaching in all subject areas. With regard to the analysis of moderator variables, the results suggest that using mobile devices in reading is significantly more effective than doing so in mathematics.     

Modeling and verification of Web services composition based on model transformation

With the rapid development of Cloud computing, social computing, and Web of Things, an increasing number of requirements of complexity and reliability for modeling Web services composition have emerged too. As more reliable methods are needed to model and verify current complex Web services composition, this paper proposes a method to model and verify Web services composition based on model transformation. First, a modeling and verifying framework based on model transformation is established. Then, Communicating Sequential Process (CSP) is defined according to the features of Web services composition and the corresponding model checking tool Failure Divergence Refinement (FDR) is introduced. The transformation approaches between Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) and CSP are later defined in detail. Lastly, the effect of this method is evaluated by modeling and verifying the Web services composition of a Online Shopping System. The results of the experiments show that this method can greatly increase the reliability of Web services composition. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Group-oriented mobile services: Requirements and solutions

Emerging mobile services, including m-commerce, have received considerable interest among researchers, developers, service providers, and users. Some of these mobile services will be group-oriented and thus require the support for group communications among mobile users. In this paper, several group-oriented mobile services and their specific requirements are presented and discussed. Several wireless solutions are also presented to meet the diverse and complex requirements of group-oriented mobile services.     

HEARTDROID—Rule engine for mobile and context‐aware expert systems

Building mobile context‐aware systems is inherently complex and non‐trivial task. It consists of several phases starting from acquisition of context, through modeling to execution of contextual models. Today, such systems are mostly implemented on mobile platforms, that introduce specific requirements, such as intelligibility, robustness, privacy, and efficiency. Over the last decade, along with the rapid development of mobile industry, many approaches were developed that unevenly support these requirements. This is mainly caused by the fact that current modelling and reasoning methods are not crafted to operate in mobile environments. We argue that the use of rule‐based reasoning tailored to mobile environments is an optimal solution. Rules are based on symbolic knowledge representation, as such they meet the general tendency to enforce understandability, intelligibility, and controllability of artificial intelligence software, as stated in the recent European Union General Data Protection Regulation. To this goal, we introduce a lightweight rule engine dedicated for Android platform called HEARTDROID. It executes models in the HMR+ rule language that are capable of expressing uncertainty of knowledge, capturing dynamics of mobile environment and provide high level of intelligibility. We present a qualitative and quantitative comparison of HEARTDROID with the most popular rule engines available.     

Two‐phase scale‐based reduction method for fulfilling monitoring service on mobile devices

One of the general location‐based services (LBSs) is the monitoring of real‐time locations of moving objects. When the number of moving objects is large and the task of monitoring is carried out on mobile devices, the monitoring service suffers from constraints of screen size, computing speed, and network bandwidth. In the present paper, a two‐phase scale‐based reduction method (SRM) consisting of a zoom phase and a mosaic phase, is proposed to overcome these constraints. The zoom phase reduces the original monitoring area which, in turn, undergoes further reduction in the mosaic phase. The performance was measured with the use of two ratios: the reduction ratio (RRatio) and the transmission ratio (TRatio). From the experimental results, the lowest RRatio was 52%, i.e. almost half of the original data size was reduced. The lowest average TRatio was also 52% for the worst case, i.e. the entire original monitoring area was displayed on the mobile device. Moreover, the display time was shortened from 14.3 to 0.7 s. These results show that the use of the two‐phase SRM is practical and efficient when applied to the monitoring service on mobile devices. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

移动设备视线跟踪技术研究进展

针对移动设备视线跟踪技术研究现状进行了综述,介绍了视线跟踪技术的发展及移动设备的资源劣势,将移动设备视线跟踪技术分为利用自身集成硬件和使用外接硬件设备两类,并分别进行了说明。最后,总结分析了移动设备视线跟踪存在的问题,并对其未来发展及研究方向进行展望。     

A middleware framework for application-aware and user-specific energy optimization in smart mobile devices

Mobile battery-operated devices are becoming an essential instrument for business, communication, and social interaction. In addition to the demand for an acceptable level of performance and a comprehensive set of features, users often desire extended battery lifetime. In fact, limited battery lifetime is one of the biggest obstacles facing the current utility and future growth of increasingly sophisticated “smart” mobile devices. This paper proposes a novel application-aware and user-interaction aware energy optimization middleware framework (AURA) for pervasive mobile devices. AURA optimizes CPU and screen backlight energy consumption while maintaining a minimum acceptable level of performance. The proposed framework employs a novel Bayesian application classifier and management strategies based on Markov Decision Processes and Q-Learning to achieve energy savings. Real-world user evaluation studies on Google Android based HTC Dream and Google Nexus One smartphones running the AURA framework demonstrate promising results, with up to 29% energy savings compared to the baseline device manager, and up to 5×savings over prior work on CPU and backlight energy co-optimization.