Weldability Evaluation and Microstructure Analysis of Resistance‐Spot‐Welded High‐Mn Steel in Automotive Application

In this paper, resistance spot weldability of high‐Mn steels were investigated in order to get high reliability in welded joints of automotive components. Microstructural characterizations, cross‐tensile test (CTT), microhardness tests of spot welded parts were conducted. The effects of weld current on the microstructural characteristics, mechanical properties, and fracture modes were investigated using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The hardness in the weld nugget was observed to be lower than that in the base metal (BM). In CTT, the failure initiation was observed to occur at the boundary of the weld nugget. Also welding imperfections of welded parts were investigated. Liquation cracking in heat affected zone (HAZ), porosity, and shrinkage cavity were found most common welding defects in welded parts. Furthermore, the effects of welding imperfections on weld quality and failure criteria were identified and discussed.     

Metallurgical and Mechanical Characterization of Laser Spot Welded Low Carbon Steel Sheets

This paper aims at investigating metallurgical and mechanical characterization of low carbon steel laser spot welds. Microstructural examinations, microhardness tests and quasi‐static tensile‐shear tests were preformed. Mechanical properties of the welds were described in terms of peak load and failure mode. The effects of laser spot welding parameters including pulse frequency, laser energy, welding speed, pulse width and welded circle diameter, on low carbon steel laser spot weld performance were studied using the Taguchi design of experiment method. It was found that the effective laser pulse energy is the controlling factor in the determination of mechanical strength of laser spot welds.     

高强度船用钢板焊接性能的分析

介绍了对高强度船用钢的焊接试验情况，分析了试验用钢焊接接头的力学性能、冲击性能、硬度以及显微组织。试验结果表明试验用钢板具有优良的焊接性能，完全满足各船级社对船板的严格要求。     

超细晶粒钢筋焊接接头的疲劳强度

 超细晶粒钢是一种细晶强化的新一代钢铁材料，焊接加工对焊接接头疲劳性能的影响是人们关注的问题。参照建设部《钢筋焊接接头试验方法标准》的规定，对超细晶粒钢建筑钢筋闪光对焊、电渣对焊接头的疲劳寿命进行了测试。测试结果表明：高载荷下，闪光对焊接头的疲劳寿命明显优于电渣对焊接头，随着载荷的降低，2种接头的差距变小。在200万次循环下，两者的疲劳强度基本相当。     

SS400超细晶粒钢及其焊接接头的疲劳裂纹扩展速率

SS400钢是一种细晶强化的新一代钢铁材料．焊接对其疲劳性能的影响是人们关注的问题。笔者参照美国材料试验学会标准ASTME647—83的规定．采用紧凑拉伸CT试件对SS400钢及其焊接接头CT试件的疲劳裂纹扩展速率进行了测试。发现：母材的疲劳裂纹扩展存在两个不同速率的阶段,焊缝及热影响区的疲劳裂纹扩展速率均低于母材;热影响区的疲劳裂纹扩展速率介于焊缝与母材之间;焊接接头组织和性能的变化并未导致SS400钢疲劳性能的降低。     

Fatigue Crack Propagation in Friction Stir Welded and Parent AA6082

The fatigue crack propagation characteristics of a friction stir welded Al‐Mg‐Si alloy, 6082, have been investigated. The electrical potential drop method was used for measurements. A low and a high load ratio (R) level were tested. At low load ratio (R=0.1) and a low stress intensity δK the propagation rate in the weld was higher than in the parent material by a factor of 3 to 5. However, the propagation rates were approaching each other close to fracture. At high load ratio (R=0.8) the propagation rate was similar in the parent material and weld. The weld crack growth rate was about the same at low and high R (except close to fracture), while the parent material growth rate increased at high R. Paris law was used to describe the measured crack propagation rates in the weld. In the case of the parent material, showing an R‐dependence, Forman's law was used.     

400 MPa级薄钢板的疲劳性能及断口分析

 利用液压伺服疲劳实验机研究了400 MPa级板带在对称循环应力下的高周疲劳性能,测量了S N曲线,确定了应力幅低于疲劳强度时疲劳寿命与应力幅之间的关系式;用扫描电镜观察该钢的疲劳断口,分析了疲劳断裂特点;在透射电镜下观察了断口附近的微观组织,并对其疲劳断裂机理进行了分析,结果表明：疲劳裂纹起源于表面驻留滑移带挤出脊、侵入沟或表面缺陷,裂纹源扩展最终导致断裂。     

弹簧钢55SiCrA轴向疲劳行为的试验研究

随着对汽车轻量化和安全性要求的不断提高,改善疲劳性能成为弹簧钢研究与开发的一个重要主题.在Amsler HFP 5000高频疲劳试验机上研究了弹簧钢55SiCrA轴向拉-压加载的疲劳性能,测定了其条件疲劳极限及S-N曲线,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和E-DAX对疲劳断口及夹杂物进行观察,对断口进行了宏观和微观分析,研究了疲...     

Investigating and Understanding the Cyclic Fatigue,Deformation, and Fracture Behavior of a Novel High Strength Alloy Steel: Influence of Orientation

In this paper, the results of a recent study aimed at understanding the influence of orientation on high cycle fatigue properties and final fracture behavior of alloy steel Pyrowear 53 is presented and discussed. This alloy steel has noticeably improved strength, ductility, and toughness properties compared to other competing high strength alloy steels having a near similar chemical composition and processing history. Test specimens of this alloy steel were precision machined and conformed to the specifications detailed in the ASTM standards for tension testing and stress‐controlled cyclic fatigue tests. Test specimens were prepared from both the longitudinal and transverse orientations of the as‐provided alloy steel bar stock. The machined test specimens were deformed in cyclic fatigue over a range of maximum stress and under conditions of fully reversed loading, i.e., at a load ratio of ?1, and the number of cycles‐to‐failure recorded. The specific influence of orientation on cyclic fatigue life of this alloy steel is presented. The fatigue fracture surfaces were examined in a scanning electron microscope to establish the macroscopic fracture mode and to characterize the intrinsic features on the fatigue fracture surfaces. The conjoint influence of microstructure, orientation, nature of loading, and maximum stress on cyclic fatigue life is discussed.     

Isothermal Fatigue of Tool Steel AISI H11

Lifetime of hot‐work tools is often limited by the development of crack nets as a consequence of thermal and/or mechanical fatigue loading. In this paper, the isothermal fatigue behaviour of the tool steel AISI H11 (German grade X38CrMoV 5‐1) under stress controlled uniaxial tension‐compression loading with zero mean stress is investigated in the temperature range between room temperature and 500 °C. Different surface conditions (polished, shot peened, hard turned) were taken into account and a small influence of the near‐surface states on the measured plastic strain amplitudes could be detected. In all cases, for the most part, strain softening occurred with increasing numbers of cycles, which is also influenced by the stress amplitude applied. Due to manufacturing induced near‐surface compressive residual stresses and strain hardening, shot peened specimens exhibit higher fatigue lifetimes than hard turned or polished ones.     

低温时效对非调质钢组织和耐疲劳性能的影响

 紧固件工作失效多起源于疲劳,利用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、洛氏硬度仪和耐疲劳性能试验机等分析测试方法研究时效处理对减面率22.5%的非调质钢MFT8紧固件的组织、硬度和耐疲劳性能的影响。研究结果表明：与未时效处理试样相比,时效工艺为300℃×2h时,其硬度和耐疲劳极限达到最大值。时效强化和耐疲劳性能提高的主要原因是,在时效回复处理过程中,位错之间相互反应而湮灭或逐渐迁移而重排,引起位错墙或位错胞内部位错密度减少,形成具有稳定状态或亚稳定状态的组织结构或亚结构。