N-烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂的合成及性能

以苯并三氮唑、不同链长的卤代烷烃、硫酸二甲酯为原料合成了几种N-烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂,通过IR1、HNMR对中间产物进行结构表征,并对最终产物进行定性分析。测定了所得产物的表面活性和发泡性能,结果表明,合成的N-丁基、辛基、十二烷基、十六烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂最低表面张力分别为:51.0 mN/m、36.5 mN/m、33.4 mN/m、35.4 mN/m;临界胶束浓度分别为:9.0×10-2mol/L、4.8×10-2mol/L、3.0×10-3mol/L、9.7×10-3mol/L。N-丁基、辛基、十二烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂最低表面张力随烷基链增长而降低,但N-十六烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂的最低表面张力却高于N-十二烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂的最低表面张力。合成的表面活性剂中,N-十二烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂的发泡性能最佳,而所有的泡沫稳定性均较差。     

溴化1-乙氨基-3-十四烷基咪唑的合成及性能测定

使用1-溴代十四烷将咪唑经三步化学反应,合成了N-十四烷基咪唑,并利用本产物最终合成了C14的阳离子型表面活性剂。分析了反应时间和反应温度这两个因素对合成产率的影响,并对某些实验现象进行了简单的分析。使用红外光谱仪对其结构进行表征,确定合成的产物为目标产物。使用表面张力仪对合成的产物进行表面性能的测定,测定结果理想。     

新型双子表面活性剂的合成与性能测定

利用十四烷基二甲基叔胺、无水乙醇及1,4-二溴丁烷等原料,通过一步法合成了十四烷基阳离子双子新型表面活性剂。表面张力的测定结果表明,该新型表面活性剂具有较小的表面张力和较低的临界胶束浓度;界面张力的测定结果表明,该新型表面活性剂与大庆油田采油二厂原油之间的油/水界面张力最低可降至1×10~(-3)m N/m;另外,该新型表面活性剂还具有稳定的乳化性能和泡沫性能,并与普通表面活性剂有良好的协同作用。     

溴代1-十四烷基-3-甲基咪唑的微波辅助合成及表征

本文以溴代正十四烷和N-甲基咪唑为原料,采用一步合成法,微波辅助合成了溴代1-十四烷基-3-甲基咪唑([C_(14)MIM]Br),并通过单因素和正交试验确定了最佳合成条件,N-甲基咪唑与溴代十四烷的投料摩尔比1∶1,反应温度73℃,微波功率400W,反应时间5.5min。利用红外光谱对其化学结构进行表征,证明合成产物结构与预期结构相符。并采用表面张力法测定了其表面性能,25℃时[C_(14)MIM]Br在水溶液中的临界胶束浓度为2.1×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1),对应浓度下的表面张力γ_(cmc)为23.7mN·m~(-1),饱和吸附量为3.87×10~(-4)mol·cm~(-2),吸附分子最小面积为2.33nm~2。     

咪唑啉型两性表面活性剂的研究——烷基咪唑啉的两性化及产品的物化性能

通过N-(β-羟乙基)-2-烷基咪唑啉与氯乙酸钠反应,合成了八种具有不同烷基的咪唑啉两性表面活性剂,对产品的结构、组成及分折手段进行了探讨,测定了产品的表面张力与起泡性能,其中月桂酸咪唑啉两性表面活性剂具有较好的物化性能。     

聚乙二醇双子表面活性剂合成与评价

本文以二乙醇胺、溴代十二烷为原料合成N,N-二羟乙基十二烷基叔胺中间体,然后将N,N-二羟乙基十二烷基叔胺与聚乙二醇进一步反应合成聚乙二醇双子表面活性剂,得到一种既能降低表面张力,又能增加水相流动黏度的新型双子表面活性剂。通过红外光谱、热分析和产品性能评价,证实合成产物为季铵盐阳离子双子表面活性剂。聚乙二醇双子表面活性剂表面张力≤24m N·m~(-1),临界胶束浓度(cmc)≤5×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)。室内驱油实验表明,采收率提高19%以上。     

12-3-12型Gemini阳离子表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

以十二叔胺与环氧氯丙烷为主要原料,在实验室合成12-3-12型Gemini阳离子表面活性剂,终产物用傅立叶红外变换仪和元素分析仪进行定性分析,并对表面活性剂的性能进行了详细讨论.实验合成的12-3-12型Gemini阳离子表面活性剂cmc为7.28×10-4 mol/L,表面张力γ cmc=39.53 mN/m;乳化力、增溶作用、发泡性及稳泡性均较十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(S 1831)、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(S 1631)好,但发泡性及稳泡性不及十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS).     

新型阳离子表面活性剂合成及性能研究

以N,N-二甲基长炭链烷基叔胺、环氧氯丙烷和乙二醇为原料,合成了季铵盐类阳离子表面活性剂(RHOC),采用红外光谱对其结构进行表征,并进行了表面张力、耐温和耐盐性能的评定。实验结果表明,该表面活性剂具有较好的表面活性,最低表面张力达到了18.27mN/m;它具有很好的耐温和耐盐性能。     

二聚表面活性剂的合成与表征

概述了十二烷基二甲基叔胺及其盐酸盐和环氧氯丙烷在温和的条件下合成新型双烷基双季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂的方法,并比较不同的反应物比例、溶剂和反应温度对反应速率和生成产物的影响,同时还检测了产物的表面张力、临界胶团浓度(cmc)等性质. 实验结果表明,所合成的双季铵盐具有良好的水溶性;与常用的表面活性剂相比,其临界胶团浓度(cmc)要低1～2个数量级,并具有更强的发泡和稳泡性能.     

双烷基咪唑啉季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂在酸洗液中对碳钢缓蚀作用的研究(英文)

利用动电位极化技术、腐蚀失重法、自制酸雾测定装置对烷基咪唑啉季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂在盐酸酸洗液中对A3 钢的缓蚀、抑雾性能进行了研究。探讨了缓蚀剂浓度、酸洗温度等因素对缓蚀率、抑雾率的影响、烷基咪唑啉季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂在碳钢表面的吸附规律 ,发现该阳离子表面活性剂在碳钢表面的吸附符合Frumkin吸附等温式。提出了该阳离子表面活性剂的缓蚀、抑雾机理。结果表明 ,烷基咪唑啉季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂具有缓蚀效率高 (缓蚀率可达99 6 %以上 )、抑雾作用强 (抑雾率可达 85 %以上 )、酸洗耗酸量低 ,说明季铵化烷基咪唑啉阳离子表面活性剂可做为一种多功能的酸洗缓蚀抑雾剂 ,在酸洗工业中具有广阔的应用前景     

Surface Parameters and Biological Activity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-(3-(Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonio) Propyl) Alkanamide Chloride Cationic Surfactants

Three cationic surfactants containing amide groups were prepared by quaternization of dimethylaminopropylamine with benzyl chloride. FTIR and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy were used to confirm the chemical structure of the prepared cationic surfactants. The surface parameters were estimated using surface tension measurements at three different temperatures. The prepared cationic surfactant showed a lower CMC than conventional cationic surfactants. Thermodynamic parameters of adsorption and micellization depend mainly of alkyl chain length and temperature. The adsorption process is more favorable than micellization. The biological activity of the three surfactants was estimated using inhibition zone showing that amidoamine cationic surfactants have good activity and the surfactants C12Bn is the most effective one.     

叔胺基CO2开关表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

以不同碳链长度的脂肪酸(n=12,14和16)和N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺为原料合成了系列长链脂肪酰胺叔胺C_nAMPM。通过核磁共振氢谱和电导率实验证实了其CO_2开关响应性能。研究发现:通入CO_2后,CnAMPM表现出表面活性剂特征,随着碳链长度增加,cmc线性降低,发泡性能、乳化正庚烷的能力和在标准帆布上的润湿性能也相应下降。通入N_2后,发泡力大幅度降低;C_(12)AMPM的乳化性能较好,润湿性能好于另外2种;而C_(14)AMPM和C_(16)AMPM的乳化能力和润湿能力均较差。     

Synthesis,Characterization, Surface and Biological Activity of Diquaternary Cationic Surfactants Containing Ester Linkage

Two series of diquaternary cationic surfactants designated as E9Nm and E11Nm having two different alkyl chains in their chemical structure were synthesized. The chemical structures of these surfactants were confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR and ¹H‐NMR spectra. The surface activities of the different surfactants were determined using surface and interfacial tension at 25 °C. The surface parameters including: critical micelle concentration, effectiveness, efficiency, maximum surface excess and minimum surface area were determined. The surface activities of the cationic surfactants were correlated with their chemical structure. The surface activities of the surfactants increased with increasing the hydrophobic chain length. The adsorption and micellization tendencies of the surfactants in solution were determined using the free energies of adsorption and micellization. The synthesized surfactants were evaluated as biocides against bacteria and fungi. Biocidal activity data showed that a gradual increase in the hydrophobic chain length of the surfactant molecules gradually increases the efficiency of these surfactants as biocides.     

Adsorption, Desorption and Adsolubilization Properties of Mixed Anionic Extended Surfactants and a Cationic Surfactant

Anionic and cationic surfactant mixtures exhibit desirable synergism, but are limited by their tendency to form precipitates. This research evaluates the adsorption, adsolubilization and desorption of mixtures of carboxylate-based anionic extended surfactants and a pyridinium-based cationic surfactant. The mixture of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), selected as the cationic surfactant, with four anionic extended surfactants were studied. The anionic surfactants studied were alkyl propoxylated ethoxylated carboxylate with average number of carbon chain length of 16 and 17 or 16 and 18 with 4?mol of propylene oxide groups and either 2 or 5?mol of ethylene oxide groups. The adsorption of anionic extended and cationic surfactant mixtures onto a negatively charged metal oxide surface (silica dioxide) was evaluated. The adsolubilization of phenylethanol, styrene and ethylcyclohexane were evaluated for these mixed surfactant systems. The desorption potential of individual and mixed surfactant systems was also evaluated by varying the number of washing (desorption) steps. It was found that the plateau adsorption of mixed anionic extended surfactant and cationic surfactant occurred at lower surfactant concentration than that of the CPC alone, although the maximum adsorption capacity of CPC was not enhanced in our mixed surfactant systems. Adsolubilization capacities of these mixed surfactant systems are higher than that of the individual surfactant system. For desorption studies, these mixed surfactant systems showed lower stability than the individual surfactant system.     

Synthesis and Properties of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants

A series of novel dissymmetric gemini cationics surfactants was synthesized by three-step reactions. The dissymmetric gemini surfactants contain a dodecanoic acid dimethylethylamine ester as the constant cationic part on one side of the hydroxypropyl center and a similar other cationic part, but with a different acid length (from octanoic to palmitic), on the other side. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the effectiveness of surface tension reduction (γ _CMC) were determined. The surface tension measurements of dissymmetric gemini surfactants showed good water solubility, and low CMC had great efficiency in lowering the surface tension and a strong adsorption at the air/water interface. The CMC was observed to increase initially with the increase of the ester bond alkyl group. They also showed good foaming properties and wetting capabilites.     

Preparation and Surface Activity of Phosphated Alkyl Oligoglucosides

A family of phosphated alkyl oligoglucoside surfactants was prepared by reacting alkyl oligoglucosides with phosphorus oxychloride. The alkyl oligoglucosides were obtained by an usual method in which the glucose is reacted with a fatty alcohol containing 10–18 carbon atoms. These novel phosphated surfactants have been found to exhibit good surface tension, foaming and wetting power. The critical micelle concentration was found to increase with the length of hydrocarbon chain of the surfactant. The surface excess concentration and the interfacial area per surfactant molecule are reported. These phosphated surfactants also exhibit a good performance to improve the whiteness and wetting of cotton fabrics in a hydrogen oxide bleaching system, and they are also found to be more biodegradable than conventional surfactants.     

铵盐体系香波泡沫性能的研究

研究了两种铵盐型阴离子表面活性剂与烷基单乙醇酰胺、烷基二乙醇酰胺等复配体系在不同水硬度条件下的泡沫性能 ;考察了乳化硅油、羊毛脂、十八醇、珠光剂、香精、阳离子表面活性剂及聚合阳离子化合物等添加剂在香波体系中不同水硬度条件下对发泡性能的影响。实验条件下所有体系的稳泡性均较好 ,LSA与AESA复配后泡沫力增大 ,其中AE SA含量需 <1 0 % ;含烷基单乙醇酰胺香波体系的泡沫性能优于含烷基二乙醇酰胺的 ;羊毛脂和乳化硅油对香波泡沫的影响较大 ,而其它添加剂对香波泡沫的影响不大。     

Advantage of Sodium Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether Carboxylate as a Mild Cleansing Agent

Five anionic surfactants widely used in commercial skin cleansers were studied: sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl ether carboxylate (EC), sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate (ES), sodium dodecyl sulfate, potassium laurate, and N-cocoyl-l-glutamic acid monosodium salt. The amount of surfactant from aqueous solution adsorbed into the stratum corneum (SC), the degree of SC swelling, the change of the secondary structure of SC proteins (denaturation). The surface tension of surfactant–zein mixed solutions, and the solubilization behavior of zein were measured. Results showed that EC had the lowest adsorption into SC, the lowest SC swelling, and lowest denaturation of SC proteins. Low interactions between surfactants and SC proteins were also observed for EC/ES mixture solutions as well as. Mixing EC with ES good foaming performance. The EC/ES mixture, at about 1:1 ratio, is an excellent surfactant system for skin cleanser applications having cleansing characteristics and mildness to the skin.     

The Tail Effect of Some Prepared Cationic Surfactants on Silver Nanoparticle Preparation and Their Surface,Thermodynamic Parameters,and Antimicrobial Activity

The surface parameters of some cationic surfactants having different hydrophobic alkyl chains were assessed in aqueous solution using different techniques; surface tension, ultraviolet-Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements. The obtained critical micelle concentration (CMC) for N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyloctan-1-aminium bromide (DBAO), N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyldodectan-1-aminium bromide (DBAD), and N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethylhexadectan-1-aminium bromide (DBAH) in aqueous solution using three techniques are nearly the same. Increasing the hydrophobic chain length enhances micelle formation. Raising the solution temperature from 25 to 65 °C also shows the same trend. The thermodynamic calculations outlined the adsorption propensity of the surfactants at the surface compared to their affinity to form micelles. Both micellization and adsorption processes are enhanced with both the hydrocarbon elongation and with raising the solution temperature. The effect of the surfactant tail on the preparation process of the silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was assessed and confirmed using transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and UV–Vis spectra. Increasing the surfactant tail leads to a smaller particle size with a narrow distribution. The stability of the prepared AgNP is enhanced with hydrophobic surfactant tail elongation as proved with increasing the zeta-potential of the prepared AgNP colloid. The foaming power, interfacial tension, and emulsification stability of the DBAO, DBAD, and DBAH surfactants were determined. The DBAO, DBAD, and DBAH surfactants showed good antimicrobial activities against both bacteria (Gram positive and negative) and fungi, which have been enhanced because of incorporation of AgNP.     

全氟丁基阳离子表面活性剂的合成与表面性能

以全氟丁基磺酰氟与N,N’-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺为原料,合成全氟丁基磺酰胺,再与烷基二溴季铵盐化,首次成功得到了4种全氟丁基型阳离子表面活性剂,并通过19^FNMR、1^HNMR、MS和IR进行表征;结：果表明,该2-N-[3-（二甲基氨）-丙基]全氟丁基磺酰胺二溴丙烷季铵盐表面活性剂在25℃时的表面张力为21．25mN／m,临界胶束浓度为0．002g／L,表现出较高的表面活性。