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钾肥生产浮选尾盐氯化钠一次精制过程分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
利用青海盐湖工业(集团)公司氯化钾生产过程产生的浮选尾盐进行氯化钠一次精制试验,在对原盐进行充分的成份分析和粒度分析的基础上,通过二段洗涤工艺过程,一次精制后氯化钠干基含量达到98%以上,氯化钾含量从原盐的3.6%下降到0.12%,钙镁离子含量从原盐的1.62%下降到0.29%,硫酸根从原盐的1.36%下降到0.48%.分别对二段洗涤工艺过程中氯化钠、氯化钾、钙、镁、硫酸根等成份进行了全流程的物料衡算,为工程放大提供数据依据.通过二段洗涤工艺过程,达到了原盐的一次精制质量要求,为后续的二次精制节约了药剂消耗,为青海盐湖集团氯化钾二期工程十万吨离子膜烧碱提供合格的精制氯化钠原料作好了技术和原料准备. 相似文献
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近年来,青海察尔汗盐湖地区氯化钾产量逐渐增加,浮选过程中添加的捕收剂有机胺类物质用量也随之上升。随着盐湖卤水的循环使用,原料中胺含量越来越高,导致生产的氯化钾产品中胺含量也越来越高。胺的残留不仅影响农业用氯化钾的肥效,而且在利用工业氯化钾制备氢氧化钾时,原料中胺含量超过一定的浓度,容易发生爆炸,存在一定的安全隐患。国产氯化钾中胺含量严重超标会影响化钾的品质,极大限制了国产钾在高附加值产业中的应用。文章以青海某钾肥生产企业生产的氯化钾为原料,研究洗涤法除胺、煅烧法除胺、热溶法除胺、吸附法除胺、氧化还原法除胺及化学沉淀法除胺技术的效果和工艺条件参数。通过对以上除胺工艺的效果和优缺点进行对比,最终确定一条经济有效的耦合除胺工艺路线。 相似文献
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本研究从酱醪中筛选得到了一株嗜盐片球菌,该微生物扩大培养后在酱醪发酵前期添加1×106CFU/g到酱醪中并按照高盐稀态酱油酿造工艺进行生产。所得酱油于50℃/震荡条件(200r/min)下进行破坏性实验。利用肉眼观察法和冷冻-离心法检测其二次沉淀形成时间和生成量,利用高效液相色谱法测定其生物胺含量,利用滴定法和定量描述分析法对酱油理化指标和风味进行评价。结果发现嗜盐片球菌显著延迟了(15 d)酱油二次沉淀出现时间并减少了酱油二次沉淀生成量(89.12%,p0.01)和生物胺含量(55.21%,p0.01),其中色胺和酪胺含量分别下降了100%和77.00%。由于嗜盐片球菌利用酱醪中的糖类物质(总糖和还原糖下降56.32%和64.56%)产生了酸类物质(增加29.80%),因此导致了酱油酸味及酸香和焦糖香增强,甜味减弱。添加嗜盐片球菌导致的酱油滋味和香气的改变容易通过勾兑工艺进行调整,因此在酱醪发酵阶段添加嗜盐片球菌是解决国产酱油二次沉淀和生物胺问题的有效手段。 相似文献
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目的建立高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定大米中无机砷的分析方法。方法采用两种前处理方法对大米中的无机砷进行提取,经高效液相色谱分离后,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱进行测定。同时对大米样品进行微波消解后测定其中的总砷,通过无机砷及有机砷的总和计算两种前处理方法的回收率,从而对前处理方法进行比较。对磷酸二氢铵、碳酸铵以及磷酸氢二铵等缓冲盐进行选择,并对p H值进行优化,确定最优的流动相条件。结果以12.5 mmol/L磷酸氢二铵作为流动相,调节流动相p H为8.5,流速为1 m L/min,可以将5种无机砷形态完全分离。对两种前处理方法进行比较,发现两种前处理方法的提取效率均大于87.5%,其中酸-热辅助提取法的提取效率相对更高。结论该方法准确、简单,适合大米中无机砷的测定。 相似文献
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Separation,purification of anthocyanin and vitis linn polysaccharide from grape juice by the two‐step extraction and dialysis
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Xu Tang Yun Wang Juan Han Lei Wang Cheng Li Liang Ni 《Journal of Food Processing and Preservation》2018,42(1)
Liquid liquid extraction, as a clean and green process, has a great potential in technology and innovation, which has been widely used in industrial production. In this paper, a liquid–liquid extraction process based on L44‐NaH2PO4 ATPS was studied for separation and purification of anthocyanin and vitis linn polysaccharide from the grape juice. The concentrations of L44 and NaH2PO4, temperature and pH as factors of effect on the extraction rates were discussed. Under the optimal conditions, the extraction rates of anthocyanin and vitis linn polysaccharides were 99.8% and 90.3%, respectively. The work subject is extraction of two compounds from grape juice, which can be very important for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The vitis linn polysaccharides were further purified by dialysis and the impurity protein was successfully removed based on organic solvent precipitation method. Besides, the recycle of L44 was also achieved through secondary extraction.
Practical applications
A liquid–liquid extraction process based on L44‐NaH2PO4 ATPS was studied for separation and purification of anthocyanin and vitis linn polysaccharide from the grape juice. The efficient separation of two kinds of water‐soluble components is of great significance in industrial production. It is very interesting for scientific communities and shows a great biotechnological potential of the ATPS purification process. The work subject is extraction of two compounds from grape juice, which can be very important for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. 相似文献14.
为了解山核桃中的主要挥发性成分,同时探明不同氧化程度山核桃挥发性成分的动态变化规律,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法(SPME-GC-MS)结合主成分分析法对山核桃制品(熟制后的)加速氧化过程中的挥发性成分进行分析。结果表明:山核桃加速氧化过程中共鉴定出43种主要挥发性物质,有24种物质香气活力值(OAV)大于1,其中主要呈香物质为2-甲基丁酸乙酯和糠醛;在加速氧化过程中,山核桃酸值、过氧化值和饱和醛含量显著增加,不饱和醛和杂环类化合物含量显著减少;主成分分析显示,山核桃加速氧化可分为3个阶段,0~7 d为氧化初级阶段,此时醛类、酯类、酸类含量较高,变化较小,14~35 d为氧化加速阶段,此时醇类、醛类和酮类化合物种类显著增加,42 d后为酸败阶段,该阶段挥发性成分主要为小分子饱和醛。通过分析山核桃挥发性成分,可获悉山核桃氧化程度和氧化阶段,有助于更好地鉴别山核桃品质。 相似文献
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选择合适分子量的纳滤膜 ,对肌苷酸粗母液进行浓缩、脱盐 ,处理后的母液套用于肌苷酸纳的结晶过程 ,从而可以回收粗母液中的肌苷酸钠。 相似文献
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二氧化氯在消毒杀菌、饮用水净化、工业废水处理和纸浆漂白等领域的应用广泛,是一种极具潜力的绿色氧化剂。本文介绍目前国内外二氧化氯对无机和有机污染物去除的研究现状,并对二氧化氯氧化水中污染物反应动力学的研究进展进行了全面综述,为二氧化氯的应用提供理论指导。 相似文献
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Characteristics of ammonium removal by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis No. 4 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Alcaligenes faecalis no. 4 has heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification abilities. By taking the nitrogen balance under different culture conditions, 40-50% of removed NH4+-N was denitrified and about one-half of removed NH4+-N was converted to intracellular nitrogen. The maximum ammonium removal rate of no. 4 (28.9 mg-N/l/h) and its denitrification rate at high-strength NH4+-N of about 1200 ppm in aerated batch experiments at a C/N ratio of 10 were 5-40 times higher than those of other bacteria with the same ability. Only a few percent of the removed ammonium was converted to nitrite, and the main denitrification process was speculated to be via hydroxylamine which was produced by ammonium oxidation. 相似文献
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Extraction and Purification of Lipoxygenase from Soybean Using Aqueous Two-Phase System 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. C. Lakshmi M. C. Madhusudhan K. S. M. S. Raghavarao 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2012,5(1):193-199
The purification of lipoxygenase in soybeans (richest known source) was attempted by precipitation, using polyethylene glycol,
followed by aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE). The preliminary purification by precipitation was standardized which resulted
in two-fold purification. The influence of process parameters such as phase forming salt, molecular weight of phase forming
polymer, tie line length, and phase volume ratio on the partitioning behavior of lipoxygenase during ATPE was investigated.
The aqueous two-phase system of polyethylene glycol 6000 and ammonium sulfate, with inherent pH of 5.2, was found to be most
suitable. The tie line length of 41.25% and volume ratio of 1.7 have resulted in 125% activity recovery with the overall purification
factor of 4.38 compared to crude enzyme extract. 相似文献
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乳酸菌素是由某些乳酸菌核糖体合成的对相同或相近生境微生物具有拮抗作用的一类多肽、蛋白质类次级代谢产物,作为天然生物防腐剂已用于食品防腐保鲜领域。经过硫酸铵沉淀、凝胶层析和高效液相色谱等分离纯化流程获取乳酸菌素,进而对其热稳定性、p H适应性和分子量等进行分析,其中,乳酸菌素纯化技术是限制其研究和应用的技术瓶颈。本文对近几年乳酸菌素分离纯化如硫酸铵沉淀(ASP)、细胞吸附和解吸(ADPC)、甲醇丙酮萃取(MAE)、凝胶过滤层析(GFC)、阳离子交换色谱(CEC)、琼脂糖凝胶电泳(SP-SFF)和反向液相色谱(RP-HPLC)等技术及其综合运用进行比较分析,并对乳酸菌素性质研究和在食品领域的应用进展进行综述,为开发高效乳酸菌生物保护剂提供借鉴与参考。 相似文献