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红土镍矿加压酸浸工艺进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
随着硫化镍矿资源的逐渐减少,高效且低成本的开发红土镍矿资源以满足逐渐增加的镍需求有着重要意义。据此,本文首先介绍了红土镍矿的矿物学特性及其加压酸浸工艺的反应机理,并从提高镍浸出率、降低酸耗角度概述了该工艺的影响因素;其次从工业应用角度介绍了该工艺的技术改进,着重介绍了加压酸浸—常压酸浸工艺(HPAL-AL)和非常规介质浸出工艺。 相似文献
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红土镍矿的加压酸浸、常压酸浸、堆浸工艺分别适用于褐铁矿型红土镍矿、过渡层和硅镁镍矿型红土镍矿,两种或两种以上的湿法联合处理工艺对矿石适用范围更广。在红土镍矿酸浸过程中,Mg和Ni、Co等同时被不同程度的浸出进入溶液,浸出液沉淀富集Ni、Co后产生大量的含镁废水。若不对其进行有价回收,不仅造成了资源的浪费,还会污染环境。本文综述了红土镍矿酸浸沉镍后液中Mg资源化工艺的研究进展及工业化情况,其中包括沉镍后液中Mn(II)的净化,并对今后的研究发展方向进行了展望,以期为红土镍矿中Mg的综合回收提供技术参考。 相似文献
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人类面临气候变化的挑战日益严重,“暖战”已在全球范围内打响。我国“双碳”目标提出后,各行业部门纷纷研究制定各自的减排方案。金属矿产行业作为国民经济的重要基础产业,在绿色低碳转型中的挑战和机遇并存。本文重点研究了动力电池重要金属之一的镍,在能源清洁化和动力电池高镍化双重驱动下的综合应用前景。现阶段主要用于不锈钢生产的镍将在绿色低碳转型中逐渐减少,电池级硫酸镍的消费量将快速增长。随着硫化镍矿资源日渐贫乏,红土型镍矿已成为镍的主要来源。目前红土型镍矿主要通过回转窑-电炉等火法冶炼工艺生产镍铁和不锈钢,随着电池级硫酸镍的需求增加,高压酸浸镍湿法冶炼中间品和镍铁转产高冰镍制备硫酸镍或将成为未来红土型镍矿综合利用的发展趋势。 相似文献
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近年来随着不锈钢及新能源用镍需求的增长,红土镍矿湿法提镍工艺得到更多应用,相应的红土镍矿酸浸渣堆存量也迅速增加,对此类固废进行科学消纳和资源综合利用迫在眉睫。针对红土镍矿酸浸渣有害元素硫、有价金属铁含量高的特点进行综合利用新技术、新装备研究对红土镍矿湿法冶金工业的持续发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文主要介绍红土镍矿酸浸渣的湿法冶金形成过程及其成分组成和物理化学性质,较为系统地梳理了红土镍矿酸浸渣在尾矿坝堆积、地下压滤回填和深海填埋等直接处理方法,提取利用铁、铬、铝、稀土等有价金属资源,消纳制备硅藻土、陶粒、矿物纤维等建筑材料、制备锂电池电极、沸石等高附加值材料综合利用技术上的研究进展,展望了红土镍矿酸浸渣流态化降硫提铁技术及装备的发展前景。 相似文献
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如今世界经济迅猛发展,金属镍的需求量也在加速增长。人们主要从硫化镍矿和红土镍矿中提炼金属镍。然而硫化镍矿资源因大规模开发而不断减少,红土镍矿未来将成为镍的主要来源。因此研究红土镍矿的高效开发利用,是当今围绕镍资源研究的热点,对实际生产具有重要的现实意义。本文简要介绍了镍的应用、开发红土镍矿的意义、红土镍矿的矿物学特性、红土镍矿世界范围内的储量和分布,并且列举并分析了红土镍矿的各种冶炼工艺及其优点与不足,同时综述了有关红土镍矿研究的新方法,为红土镍矿高附加值综合利用研究提出思路。 相似文献
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《Minerals Engineering》2006,19(12):1220-1233
This route for the recovery of nickel from HPAL laterite solutions was successfully demonstrated by the Centaur Mining Cawse Nickel Operation and has been selected by BHPBilliton for their Ravensthorpe Nickel–Yabulu Refinery circuit. The mixed hydroxide route is also well suited to treatment of solutions by other leach processes such as Activox®.The technology can use an acid strip coupled to nickel electrowinning or an ammonia strip and basic nickel carbonate production. The solvent extraction technology involved in these two circuits is reviewed and compared. The ancillary operations of pregnant leach solution clarification, reagent remediation, reductive stripping of cobalt, zinc and copper transfers are discussed. The treatment of ammoniacal leach solutions containing higher copper concentrations than those normally seen in laterite processing is also addressed.Possible routes for recovery of cobalt and nickel from the solvent extraction circuit are also discussed. 相似文献
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镍矿是国民经济中一种重要的金属矿产资源,随着经济的发展,人们对镍矿资源的消耗呈逐年上升趋势。目前所查明的镍矿资源中,有近70%的镍矿资源都是硫化镍矿,近30%的镍矿资源属于红土镍矿。随着镍矿资源查明储量的下降,其镍矿资源的综合利用受到越来越多国家的重视。在查阅大量文献的基础上,简要的论述了镍矿资源的总体情况,概述了硫化镍矿常规的处理方法,以及近年来浮选法的一些实际应用及发展。最后,介绍了当前状况下红土镍矿的火法和湿法处理工艺现状及进展,以及一些其他处理镍矿石的方法。为以后镍矿石资源的综合利用和处理工艺的研究提供了一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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Hydrometallurgical process routes are seen to be the future of treatment of the lower grade nickel laterites ores. Hydrometallurgical projects of recent years have focused on HPAL and have been largely unsuccessful economically so far, with huge capital cost overruns.The simplest and least capital intensive of the possible alternatives to HPAL is atmospheric heap leaching. Development work is also underway by several companies into atmospheric tank leaching which is also a potentially viable alternative.The natural product for a leaching process is a high grade nickel intermediate either from a direct precipitation process (containing approx. 36% Ni) or via ion exchange (>50% Ni).There are many existing pyrometallurgical facilities which could easily be adapted to take this nickel intermediate giving them significant potential benefits especially as nickel laterite ore grades diminish. The nickel production from these plants could also be increased and for new plants large capital and operating cost savings achieved by using suitable intermediates.There are also potential environmental benefits with much less energy consumed and lower greenhouse gases emitted per tonne of nickel produced.In the future an integrated hydrometallurgical plant with attached existing smelter or a more advanced pyrometallurgical smelting process (e.g. a DC arc furnace) could well be the way forward for new projects. 相似文献