内蒙古炼焦煤资源保护与焦化工业的可持续发展

对自治区炼焦煤资源、焦化工业现状、发展前景及市场需求进行了分析,提出全区炼焦煤资源保护和焦化工业可持续发展的措施：强化炼焦煤资源的开发管理,实行保护性开采;合理利用稀缺的炼焦煤资源;利用高新技术改造现有焦化企业,调整焦化工业布局结构;树立品牌意识,延伸焦化产品;加强环境保护,实现清洁生产;体制创新,实现规模、集约经营等.     

炼焦煤质量综合评价方法研究

依据炼焦企业的生产需求,基于层次分析法和两两比较法建立了炼焦煤质量评价体系,以及影响炼焦煤质量各影响因子的评分标准,并对云南煤业能源股份有限公司安宁分公司使用的炼焦煤进行了客观的评价。     

太原煤气化公司炼焦煤的镜质体反射率与其它指标间的关系

系统地研究了以山西省炼焦煤为主的烟煤镜质体平均最大反射率与挥发分、胶质层最大厚度以及胶质层最大厚度与挥发分和镜质体平均最大反射率之间的关系.研究表明,这些指标间均呈不同程度的二次曲线或线性的正变或反变关系,这对指导配煤炼焦具有较大的实际意义.     

西山煤电集团炼焦煤清洁高效利用探讨

根据煤炭清洁高效利用趋势、国家和山西省相关产业政策等方面的分析,认为加快煤炭清洁高效利用进程是企业生存发展的必经之路;结合实际情况,从炼焦煤生产和炼焦煤深加工两方面,探讨了西山煤电集团开展炼焦煤清洁高效利用的途径和方法。     

炼焦煤中多环芳烃的分布特性研究

选取6种典型炼焦煤用二氯甲烷作萃取剂经索氏提取和K-D浓缩,采用硅胶柱层析纯化,利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对其中含有的16种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行测定,研究了不同煤种中PAHs的分布.结果表明,6种煤中PAHs主要以3环、4环和5环形式存在;此外还发现PAHs总量随煤化度提高而减少,随挥发分含量和氢碳摩尔比增大而增加;且PAHs含量与煤中碳含量和氧碳摩尔比也存在一定关系.     

炼焦煤粘结性指标的相关性研究

我厂年产焦炭274万t,近年来为了不断提高焦炭质量,我们根据炼焦煤的粘结性指标,科学合理地选择配煤,对粘结性指数(G)、最大胶质层厚度(Y)和奥亚膨胀度(b)进行了探索与研究。     

煤直接液化残渣焦化特性研究

采用40kg炼焦试验装置初步探讨了用室式炼焦炉进行液化残渣直接焦化处理的基本规律,考察了残渣所得焦炭的质量及其形状,分析了液化残渣直接炼焦的可能性,为今后利用焦化工艺对液化残渣进行大规模工业化处理提供试验依据。     

炼焦煤性价比评价方法的研究与应用进展

基于我国炼焦煤供需现状，阐述了开展炼焦煤性价比评价的意义，系统地分类总结了国内炼焦煤主要性价比评价方法，并对其优缺点进行了剖析，提出了改进优化建议。基于单种煤关键指标的性价比评价法因其具有简单、可操作性强等特点，目前占居主流地位；随着智能配煤炼焦的兴起，以配合煤焦炭质量与成本为约束条件，利用配煤专家系统快速智能开展炼焦煤性价比评价将会是今后的发展方向。     

炼焦煤质量评价与问题分析

为提高炼焦煤质量评价的准确性,从炼焦煤的可选性、化学特征、工艺性质、煤岩特征、煤质牌号的确定、煤质资料汇编、煤质评价专家系统七方面分析了炼焦煤质量评价方法。针对目前炼焦煤质量评价中存在的问题,提出应通过提高煤质评价专家系统的准确性、加强煤岩参数在煤质评价中的应用、规范采制样操作、加强数据统计的应用、提高仪器设备的标准化水平等措施提高炼焦煤煤质评价的准确性。只有规范实验室各环节,强化实验室管理,加强煤岩参数在煤质评价中的应用,提高煤质专家系统的准确性,才能正确指导配煤炼焦,确保炼焦煤的合理利用和焦炭质量全面稳定提升。     

炼焦煤质量的综合评价体系及方法研究

基于层次分析法评价炼焦煤质量体系,通过建立炼焦煤质量的综合评价体系,对炼焦煤各项指标进行了赋值,并对汾西矿业集团的炼焦煤产品进行了有效评价。     

Influence of the permeability of the coal plastic layer on coking pressure

Ten coals of different rank and coking pressure characteristics were chosen in order to study the time of occurrence of the phenomena that take place during the coking of a coal and the way they affect the generation of dangerous coking pressures. Parameters derived from thermoplastic, thermogravimetric and permeability tests were studied together with semicoke contraction and the coking pressure generated by the coals in a movable wall oven. It was found that for safe coals, the maximum evolution of volatile matter occurs near the temperature of maximum fluidity. The position of the maximum rate of volatile matter evolution with respect to the zone of low permeability varies depending on the coking pressure characteristics of the coals. In addition, the relationship between the period of low permeability to the resolidification temperature may serve to indicate the degree of dangerousness of a coal. The fissure pattern of the semicoke was found to be related to the coking pressure and semicoke contraction.     

澳大利亚煤代替西曲焦煤的配煤炼焦研究

对澳大利亚煤和国内6种单种煤进行煤质分析和配煤炼焦实验,分析澳大利亚煤代替西曲煤进行炼焦的可行性。结果表明澳大利亚煤具有低灰低硫、高挥发分等特点,在炼焦中用澳大利亚煤替代西曲焦煤可降低焦炭的灰分和硫分,增大焦炭的各向异性指数,改善焦炭强度。     

基于煤显微结构的炼焦用煤评价及应用

为提出适合鞍钢鲅鱼圈分公司的炼焦用煤结构,利用全自动智能型煤岩分析系统分析了鞍钢鲅鱼圈所用不同牌号各炼焦煤的煤岩特征,结合传统炼焦煤煤质指标,对各炼焦煤的煤质特征进行评价,并将煤岩学应用于炼焦配煤煤种调整、配比调整中。结果表明,根据煤岩分类标准,鞍钢鲅鱼圈所用焦煤中含焦煤成分60.2%,肥煤成分31.6%;鲅鱼圈所用炼焦煤中,进口煤煤质较为单一、煤质较好,其中60%以上为单一煤层煤,而国内煤的混煤现象较为严重,单一煤层煤不足20%。煤岩学理论应用于鞍钢鲅鱼圈炼焦生产后,在炼焦煤评价中增加了煤岩学指标,扩大了精煤来源,提高了焦炭质量,焦炭抗碎强度M_(40)从2011年的88.11%提高到2013年的88.87%,焦炭耐磨强度M_(10)从2011年的6.75%降低到2013年的6.38%。     

Detection of natural oxidation of coking coal by TG-FTIR—mechanistic implications

The natural oxidation/weathering of coal continues to be a subject of interest both scientifically and industrially, in part due to the complexity of the molecular processes at hand as well as to the commercial implications involved. It is widely recognized that coking can be adversely affected by weathering whereas, combustion processes appear to be enhanced as result of oxidation.Combustion techniques are commonly used in the analysis of coal, and organic compounds in general, for the determination of elemental hydrogen, carbon and nitrogen. For oxygen, the method in common practice involves the determination by difference from directly determined values for moisture, ash, sulphur, hydrogen, carbon and nitrogen. This has led us to consider the use of thermogravimetry coupled to gas analysis by infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) to measure organic oxygen in coal directly. Although this technique, developed by Solomon and coworkers, has been extensively used by our group and others, it appears not to have been considered for this particular purpose.Recently, we have shown that TG-FTIR is capable of measuring all the organic oxygen in both fresh and oxidized coal by simultaneous measurement of the three main oxygen-containing gases H₂O, CO and CO₂ evolved during rapid pyrolysis. This gives us a way of measuring quantitatively the oxygen introduced into the coal matrix during oxidation and at least a partial capability of establishing oxygen speciation.We have found, using TG-FTIR, that the early stages of coal oxidation results in the appearance of O-containing functional groups not present in the original coal. The nature of these functional groups is directly related to the oxidation reaction mechanism. These results will be presented and discussed in detail.     

贫瘦煤配煤炼焦试验及应用

对贫瘦煤进行工业分析、镜质组反射率分析和成焦分析,并对其进行20kg小焦炉的配煤炼焦试验和生产应用,研究分析表明,采用贫瘦煤配煤炼焦在合理调整配比的情况下能够生产出质量合格的焦炭。     

Modification of sub-bituminous coal by steam treatment: Caking and coking properties

A Chinese sub-bituminous Shenfu (SF) coal was steam treated under atmospheric pressure and the caking and coking properties of the treated coals were evaluated by caking indexes (G_RI) and crucible coking characterizations. The results show that steam treatment can obviously increase the G_RI of SF coal. When the steam treated coals were used in the coal blends instead of SF raw coal, the micro-strength index (MSI) and particle coke strength after reaction (PSR) of the coke increased, and particle coke reactivity index (PRI) decreased, which are beneficial for metallurgical coke to increase the gas permeability in blast furnace. The quality of the coke obtained from 8% of 200 °C steam treated SF coal in coal blends gets to that of the coke obtained from the standard coal blends, in which there was no SF coal addition in the coal blends. The removal of oxygen groups, especially hydroxyl group thus favoring the breakage of the coal macromolecules and allowing the treated coal formation of much more amount of hydrocarbons, may be responsible for the modified results. The mechanism of the steam treatment was proposed based on the elemental analysis, thermo gravimetric (TG) and FTIR spectrometer characterizations of the steam treated coal.     

Optimization of experimental conditions for recovery of coking coal fines by oil agglomeration technique

The significance of coking coal in the metallurgical sector as well as the meager coking coal reserves across the globe increase the necessity to recover coking coal fines from the fine coking coal slurries generated from coal preparation and utilization activities. Oil agglomeration studies were carried out by varying the experimental conditions for maximum recovery of coking coal fines i.e., yield of the agglomerates. The various operational parameters studied were oil dosage, agitation speed, agglomeration time and pulp density. By using Taguchi experimental design, oil dosage (20%), agitation speed (1100 rpm), agglomeration time (3 min) and pulp density (4.5%) were identified as the optimized conditions. A confirmation experiment has also been carried out at the optimized conditions. The percentage contribution of each parameter on agglomerate yield was analyzed by adopting analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical method as well as multiple linear regression analysis. The order of influence of the parameters on the agglomerate yield is of the following order: pulp density > oil dosage > agitation speed > agglomeration time. A mathematical model was developed to fit the set of experimental conditions with the yield obtained at each test run and also at the optimized conditions. The experimentally obtained yield was compared with the predicted yield of the model and the results indicate a maximum error of 5% between the two. A maximum yield of 90.42% predicted at the optimized conditions appeared to be in close agreement with the experimental yield thus indicating the accuracy of the model in predicting the results.     

炼焦煤混煤特性对配煤炼焦的影响

针对炼焦煤混煤严重造成单种煤质量差异较大的问题,应用煤岩学观点从混煤的角度,探讨了混煤特性对配煤炼焦质量的影响。试验结果显示国内炼焦煤有2/3以上属于混煤,混煤是造成焦炭质量波动的主要原因。按国标以反射率方差S₀来表征混煤特性,其对炼焦煤的粘结性能有一定影响,对焦炭的冷热强度无明显的影响趋势。以微强粘比WQN作为混煤特性指标,对炼焦煤的粘结性影响较小,而对焦炭冷强度M40和焦炭热强度CSR有明显的影响趋势。     

Comparative study of the performance of conventional and column flotation when treating coking coal fines

Investigations were carried out on coking coal fines by conventional cell and column flotation techniques. The effects of different operating parameters were evaluated for both conventional and column flotation. The coal fines were collected from Bhojudih washery, India. These coal fines averaged 24.4% ash, 19.8% volatile matter and 53.8% fixed carbon on a dry basis. A commercial grade sodium silicate, light diesel oil and pine oil were used as depressant, collector and frother respectively. The flotation performance was compared with release analysis. The conventional flotation results indicated that a clean coal with 14.4% ash could be obtained at 78.0% yield with 88.4% combustible recovery. The ash of the clean coal could be further reduced to 10.1% at 72.0% yield with 85.6% combustible recovery by using column flotation. The column flotation results were close to those obtained by release analysis.     

煤岩显微类型对成焦性能的影响

分析测定了7种炼焦煤的煤岩显微组分、显微煤岩类型及其焦炭的显微结构,发现有机组分基质中,矿物质均匀分布有利于成焦,而团块或大颗粒矿物质分布不利于成焦,显微矿化类型比例较高、显微矿质类型比例较低的高灰焦煤和肥煤仍具有良好的成焦性能,可作为配煤使用;气煤和瘦煤的显微矿化类型比例对其成焦性影响较小。