共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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为使足行拟人机器人的下肢机构结构更加紧凑灵活,提出了一种串并联结构相结合的双足步行机器人下肢机构设计方案。在该方案中,设计了二自由度的并联机构作为十字交叉的二自由度关节结构,并用于二自由度的踝关节和两个方向转动的髋关节。设计了单自由度平面连杆机构用于膝关节和一个方向转动的髋关节。详细描述了足行机器人下肢机构的踝关节、膝关节和髋关节的结构设计,为双足机器人的步态控制打下基础。 相似文献
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指出了冗余自由度机器人优化的多种性能指标及其加权综合指标对单个关节的关节加速度具有二次抛物线关系。由此,提出一种通过对抛物线插值寻求综合性能最优解的方法。同时,本文还将冗余自由度机器人运动学和动力学求优化解的过程,转化为非冗余自由度机器人运动学和动力学求解,以便直接利用各种高效率的非冗余自由度机器人计算方法。 相似文献
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指出了冗余自由度机器人优化的多种性能指标及其加权综合指标对单个关节的关节加速度具有二次抛物线关系。由此,提出一种通过对抛物线插值寻求综合性能最优解的方法。同时,本文还将冗余自由度机器人运动学和动力学求优化解的过程,转化为非冗余自由度机器人运动学和动力学求解,以便直接利用各种高效率的非冗余自由度机器人计算方法。 相似文献
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针对一种新型的仿人型12自由度双足机器人,首先介绍了其基于Solid Works的机械结构设计,具体阐述了双足机器人机械主体的组成、自由度配置以及其拟人关节和传动机构的设计;构建了双足机器人基于D—H坐标系的运动学模型。而后重点研究了一种离线的步态规划方法,其核心思想是将双足机器人的前向步态和侧向步态分别简化为七连杆模型和五连杆模型,分别加以几何约束分析,然后在Z坐标相等的情况下合成三维步态;最后通过ZMP方程来检验并在Matlab环境下进行仿真,验证了所述规划方法的有效性。 相似文献
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基于Sarrus结构的5自由度拟人手臂运动学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对目前机器人拟人手臂的结构特点及局限,提出一种将Sarrus结构作为运动关节的新型手臂,并设计一种基于Sarrus结构的5自由度拟人手臂.为验证该优越性并研究其工作空间,同时为结构设计优化提供基础,用齐次坐标变换法对正向运动学进行分析,推导出腕部质心到基准坐标系的姿态变换矩阵,并通过数值计算,得到手腕质心的轨迹曲线.分析结果表明基于Sarrus结构的拟人手臂在具备一般机器人手臂性能的同时,还具有高度的柔性;采用这种新型关节的手臂能够克服自身连杆的限制,并且能够在结构上进一步拓展其工作空间,满足不断变化的工作和环境需求. 相似文献
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面向对象的多关节教学机器人控制软件设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为满足机器人学及相关课程教学的需要,研制了一种具有工业机器人典型结构特征的5自由度多关节教学机器人。详细论述了采用面向对象的方法设计该机器人控制软件的过程,并且给出了整个系统的实现方案。 相似文献
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仿人机器人构型 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
对人形机器人构型的研究现状进行综述,分析国内、外现有人形机器人普遍采用的串联构型的特点;介绍人体的结构,对关节、肢体构成与运动进行简化,建立人体的简化构型;利用基本运动单元,以人体构型为原型,从结构、运动、功能仿生的角度出发,在多自由度关节处引入并联机构,采用等效机构替代关节及组合方法,构建人形机器人构型,得到肢体并联、混联(串、并联共存)构型与整体混联构型。试验证明,采用该类构型可使机器人肢体末端的运动更灵活、平滑连续;改善输出状态,提高机器人的机动与操作能力;使机器人刚度大、承载力大、运动稳定性高。丰富了人形机器人构型,为人形机器人设计提供理论依据和更多的构型选择。 相似文献
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多模式并联机构在航空航天、机械加工、医疗康复等领域均极具应用前景,但目前能够实现多模式的运动分岔并联机构类型较少,绝大多数运动分岔并联机构中含有变自由度性质的RER支链,为此基于图谱法综合了一类新型运动分岔并联机构且机构中含有4类变自由度性质支链与已有的RER支链不同。首先基于图谱法以机构初始位置两瞬时转动自由度线非共面且相互垂直为例对2T1R运动分岔并联机构进行综合,随后将机构含有的URR支链中和定平台相连接的R副轴线方向改变,使其具有2R2T和3R1T两种自由度性质。将改进后的URR支链配置方案应用到部分4自由度和5自由度支链中,提出另外三类变自由度支链,每种类别支链分别有4、12、32种。以机构中含有4类不同变自由度性质的支链为分类依据,综合出四大类同时具有2T1R+2R1T两模式新型运动分岔并联机构,共包括12种子类别;以第4类变自由度支链为例,将其引入到并联机构中,通过图谱法综合出具有3T1R+2R2T两模式新型运动分岔并联机构。 相似文献
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Most spacecraft are usually assembled from some simple substructures by different kinds of connectors, which include various kinds of joints and hinges. Most of the connectors have properties of nonlinearity, and can strongly affect the dynamic characteristics of spacecraft. Mathematical models of such spacecraft usually have a large number of degrees of freedom (DOFs), but their nonlinear connectors are generally spatially localized. In general, it is impractical and time-consuming to directly calculate the frequency response of the spacecraft using current methods. To enhance the calculation efficiency of the frequency response, an improved approach is proposed in the present paper. With describing functions (DFs) and linear receptance data, the kinetic equations are firstly converted into a set of complex algebraic equations whose dimension is only associated with nonlinear DOFs and interested DOFs. Subsequently the number of iterative equations is reduced and only related to nonlinear DOFs. Hence the improved approach can be applicable to large-scale and complicated finite element (FE) models. An FE model of a satellite with some nonlinear joints is used to show and demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method. Besides, the effects induced by nonlinear joints on payloads’ vibration of the satellite are discussed. 相似文献
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为了求解末端位姿已知时拟人臂的仿人臂姿,以人臂运动特性为依据,针对7自由度拟人臂提出了一种新的逆运动学求解方法。该方法将人臂的末端运动转化为腕部的达点运动,利用肘部的自运动理论解耦了人臂的冗余度,并结合最小势能指标确定了自运动角。在利用末端位姿确定腕部位置的基础上,依据自运动角求解肘部位置,进而推导出拟人臂仿人运动的逆运动学解析表达式。试验和仿真结果证明了该方法解的仿人性和连续性。最后,从拟人臂的运动灵活性的角度分析了方法的失稳现象,结果表明自运动角发生突变时拟人臂奇异。该方法属于解析方法,有利于对拟人臂进行实时的仿人运动控制。 相似文献
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Kook-Jin Choi Dae Sun Hong 《International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing》2010,11(3):381-390
This study proposes a method of real-time posture optimization of humanoid robots using a genetic algorithm and neural network.
Here, the motion of a humanoid robot pushing an object is considered. When the robot starts pushing the object, the palms
of its hands and the soles of its feet are assumed to be fixed on the object and on the ground, respectively, and they sense
the reaction force from those surfaces. The reaction force results in changes of torques in the joints. This study determines
an optimized posture using a genetic algorithm such that either the torques are evenly distributed over all joints or the
torque of the weakest joint is rapidly reduced. Several different optimized postures are then generated by varying the reaction
forces at the palms and the soles. The data is used as training patterns for a multilayer perceptron neural network with a
back-propagation learning algorithm. Using the trained neural network, the humanoid robot can find the optimal posture for
different reaction forces in real time. Several simulations were conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The simulation results showed that the proposed method can be used for real-time posture optimization of humanoid robots. 相似文献
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Type synthesis of 4-DOF parallel kinematic mechanisms based on Grassmann line geometry and atlas method 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Many methods are proposed to deal with the type synthesis of parallel kinematic mechanisms(PKMs), but most of them are less intuitive to some extent. Thus, to propose a concise and intuitive type synthesis method for engineering application is a very challenging issue, which should be further studied in the field. Grassmann line geometry, which can investigate the dimensions of spatial line-clusters in a concise way, is taken as the mathematic foundation. Atlas method is introduced to visually describe the degrees of freedom(DOFs) and constraints of a mechanism, and the dual rule is brought in to realize the mutual conversion of the freedom-space and constraint-space. Consequently, a systematic method based on Grassmann line geometry and Atlas method is generated and the entire type synthesis process is presented. Three type 4-DOF PKMs, i.e., 1T3R, 2T2R and 3T1R(T: translational DOF; R: rotational DOF), are classified according to the different combinations of the translational DOFs and rotational DOFs. The type synthesis of 4-DOF PKMs is carried out and the possible configurations are thoroughly investigated. Some new PKMs with useful functions are generated during this procedure. The type synthesis method based on Grassmann line geometry and Atlas method is intuitive and concise, and can reduce the complexity of the PKMs' type synthesis. Moreover, this method can provide theoretical guidance for other PKMs' type synthesis and engineering application. A novel type synthesis method is proposed, which solves the existing methods' problems in terms of complicated, not intuitive and unsuitable for practical application. 相似文献