共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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太阳能热动力发电系统吸热器换热管试验及数值模拟 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
吸热器换热管地面试验是空间太阳能热动力发电系统吸热/蓄热器研制的重要阶段,是为了验证相变材料的蓄放热性能。对以共晶盐LiF—CaF2为蓄热介质的换热管进行了27个周期共2511分钟的地面试验,包括变参数试验和稳态试验,获得了容器表面温度和工质出口温度等试验结果。利用焓法建立相变蓄热换热管试验的传热模型,采用试验参数对地面试验进行了数值模拟,得到的结果与试验结果进行了比较,两者比较接近。证明了地面单管试验的成功性,也验证了换热管传热分析软件的可靠性。 相似文献
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高温相变蓄热器是空间太阳能热动力发电系统的关键部件之一,相变材料(PCM)蓄热是其中的关键技术。对以LiF-CaF2为PCM和以干空气为工质的蓄热系统进行了地面实验,并分别建立了相应条件下填充纯PCM和泡沫复合相变材料(FCPCM)的蓄热单元管数学模型。经过数值计算得到结果表明,纯PCM蓄热单元管计算值与实验数据吻合得很好,表明了计算模型的有效性;此外,对填充纯PCM和FCPCM的蓄热单元管的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明,泡沫的填充强化了PCM的导热性能,提高了蓄热系统的热性能。 相似文献
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高温熔盐相变蓄热材料 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
高温蓄热技术是太阳能热动力发电系统的关键技术之一,通常利用相变材料(PCM)固液相变时的熔化潜热来蓄热。在轨道的日照期,聚能器将截取的太阳能聚集到吸热器圆柱形腔内,被吸收转化成热能,其中一部分热能传递给循环工质以驱动热机发电,其余的热能被封装在单元换热管上多个小容器内的PCM吸收储存起来,此时PCM部分或全部变为液态。在轨道的阴影期,小容器内的PCM部分或全部变为固态,储存的能量被释放出来,使出口的循环工质温度仍能维持在循环所要求的最低峰值温度上。保证空间站处于阴影期时热机仍能连续工作,保证连续供电。太阳能利用中… 相似文献
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针对管壳式相变蓄热器换热速率较慢的问题,建立多管束大空间相变蓄热器模型数值模拟的研究换热管排列方式及翅片参数对换热效果的影响。通过观察温度和速度场、固液相界面、Nu及液相分数与时间的关系,分析蓄/放热传热过程。研究结果表明:采用正三角排列可增强换热管间热扰的影响,提高相变材料(phase change material, PCM)熔化速率;蓄热过程中传热以自然对流为主,放热过程中传热以导热为主;合理调整不同位置换热管节距,可改善蓄热器温度分布均匀性;适当增加翅片数量及高度有利于提高PCM换热速率,蓄热器最佳翅片数量为8组,高度为25 mm。 相似文献
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固-液相变潜热蓄热技术是一种极具前景的工业废热回收方式,通过管壳式换热器可利用相变材料(PCM)吸收工业废热加以储存再用于加热水,从而实现了工业废热的回收利用.对填充高导热多孔筛网的管壳式潜热蓄热单元(LHSU)建立了二维数学模型,并对填充与未填充筛网的蓄热容器一同进行了相变蓄热实验.实验结果表明,填充筛网能够有效改善PCM的传热性能;实验数据和计算值吻合的较好,证明了计算模型的有效性.利用计算模型,对3种PCM(石蜡P116、硬脂酸和软脂酸)蓄热系统进行了数值计算.结果表明,采用软脂酸的蓄热系统热性能最佳,能很好地满足供应生活热水的设计要求.研究结论对蓄热系统的设计和性能优化有一定的指导作用. 相似文献
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对螺旋盘管相变蓄热装置性能和相变材料 (PCM)的传热特性开展理论和试验研究,建立相变蓄热装置物理和数学模型,对蓄热温度场进行了数值模拟和实验测试。结果表明 :自然对流换热对PCM的熔化过程影响很大,当考虑自然对流时,相变蓄热速率加快,相变分层现象明显;实验实测温度与模拟温度相近,说明所建立的模型适用于相变装置内部温度场的模拟。 相似文献
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非理想相变特性材料热性能简化分析方法及适用条件 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
采用焓法、分析了蓄能相变材料相变区比热特性性对其蓄换热性能的影响。该方法对潜热型蓄换热系统的热性能分析和计算是普适的。针对该方法较为复杂而理想相变材料(相变温度为一点)热特性的分析较为简单并有大量结果可供参考的特点,讨论了采用对理想相变材料适用的蓄换热性能分析方法和公式来计算相变温度为一个温度区间的非理想相变材料蓄换热特性的适用条件。所得结论拓宽了理想相变材料蓄换热性能分析方法及结果的适用范围。在很多情况下,大大简化了非理想相变材料蓄换性能的分析和计算,对各种蓄能相变换热器的设计和性能优化具有指导意义。 相似文献
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系统介绍了国际上对空间站太阳能热动力发电系统中吸热器的研究成果。详细地介绍了目前国际上研究设计的两种吸热器的结构、尺寸以及工作原理,对蓄热相变材料及其和吸热管材料间的腐蚀、相容性进行了讨论。分析了吸热器相变材料储罐壁面的热松脱问题及其对策。研究结果对促进我国空间站事业的发展具有指导意义。 相似文献
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微重力条件下相变材料容器的二维瞬态热分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
高温相变材料是空间太阳能热动力发电系统吸热器中普遍使用的蓄热介质。基于微重力状态下的导热控制微分方程,采用焓法对相变材料容器进行了二维数值分析,对计算结果给予了讨论。 相似文献
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To solve the problems associated with employing the single melt point phase change material in a heat receiver for the NASA 2 kW solar dynamic power system, this paper presents a practically easy to carry-out PCM receiver model composed of three different phase change temperature materials together with the corresponding physical model. A numerical solution is also given by which the maximal temperature for heat transfer, working fluid exit temperature, and liquid PCM fraction of the total heat transfer tube in whole are calculated. Furthermore, the results are compared with those obtained from the single PCM heat receiver. The results show that it is possible to improve the receiver performance and to reduce both the fluctuation of working fluid temperature and the weight of the heat receiver. All results of the calculation can be used to guide the heat receiver design. 相似文献
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Numerical simulation and experiment investigation on unit heat exchange tube for solar heat receiver
Haiting Cui Yuming Xing Yanshu Guo Zhenhui Wang Haochen Cui Xiugan Yuan 《Solar Energy》2008,82(12):1229-1234
In this paper, numerical simulation and experimental investigation on unit heat exchange tube for solar heat receiver are reported. Based on enthalpy method, a physical and numerical model of the unit heat exchange tube was developed. An experimental system of solar simulator test rig was also set up with high temperature LiF–CaF2 eutectic mixture as the PCM and dry air as the working fluid. The hardware, test procedures, and test results from these experiments are also discussed. The simulating orbit data was numerically analyzed and compared with test data. Canister thermal performance can be predicted well by numerical canister analyses. The results show that the output temperature of the gas of the working fluid tubes meets the expected demand during the sunlight and eclipse period and the maximum temperature and average temperature of the PCM container were all under the safe range. 相似文献
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Energy analysis of space solar dynamic heat receivers employing solid–liquid phase change storage is developed. The heat receiver is a critical component of a solar dynamic system. Phase change thermal energy storage is used in the heat receiver. The energy analysis presented here can be used to understand the energy transfer in the heat receiver and thermal energy storage in phase change materials (PCM). The heat receiver cavity radiation mathematical model and the working fluid tube heat model are established. Energy loss, energy absorbed by gas, the latent and sensible thermal energy storage in PCM, maximum tube temperature, gas outlet temperature and liquid PCM fraction were calculated. The results are analyzed and could be used in heat receiver design. 相似文献
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Lightweight envelopes are widely used in modern buildings but they lack sufficient thermal capacity for passive solar utilization. An attractive solution to increase the building thermal capacity is to incorporate phase change material (PCM) into the building envelope. In this paper, a simplified theoretical model is established to optimize an interior PCM for energy storage in a lightweight passive solar room. Analytical equations are presented to calculate the optimal phase change temperature and the total amount of latent heat capacity and to estimate the benefit of the interior PCM for energy storage. Further, as an example, the analytical optimization is applied to the interior PCM panels in a direct-gain room with realistic outdoor climatic conditions of Beijing. The analytical results agree well with the numerical results. The analytical results show that: (1) the optimal phase change temperature depends on the average indoor air temperature and the radiation absorbed by the PCM panels; (2) the interior PCM has little effect on average indoor air temperature; and (3) the amplitude of the indoor air temperature fluctuation depends on the product of surface heat transfer coefficient hin and area A of the PCM panels in a lightweight passive solar room. 相似文献