一种恒跨导轨对轨输入/输出CMOS运算放大器

设计了一种CMOS恒跨导轨对轨输入/输出运算放大器,输入级采用负反馈技术控制尾电流,能自调整gm并使之保持恒定;输出级采用前向偏置AB类输出结构,实现轨对轨输出的同时减小了静态功耗。整个电路在5 V电源电压下,电压增益达到136 dB(1 MΩ电阻和1 pF电容并联负载),单位增益带宽为9.7 MHz,相位裕度62.4°。     

An Adaptive Biased Single-Stage CMOS Operational Amplifier with a Novel Rail-to-Rail Constant-<Emphasis Type="Italic">g</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">m</Emphasis></Subscript> Input Stage

Using rail-to-rail (R-R) swing analog circuits has become almost mandatory in the design of low supply voltage circuits. In this paper, a new architecture for constant-g_m rail-to-rail input stages is presented. The design features a less than 5% deviation in g_m over the entire range of the input common-mode voltage. Furthermore, a new structure for folded cascode amplifier based on the use of a floating current source is presented. By employing these techniques, a low-power operational amplifier (op-amp) with 100 MHz unity-gain bandwidth, 106 dB gain, 60^∘ phase margin, 2.65 V swing, and 6.4 nV/✓Hz input-referred noise with rail-to-rail input common-mode range is realized in a 0.8 μ m CMOS technology. This amplifier dissipates 10 mW from a 3 V power supply.     

A Low-Voltage Fully Differential Constant-Gm Rail-to-Rail CMOS Operational Amplifier

A low-voltage fully differential CMOS operational amplifier withconstant-g_mand rail-to-rail input and output stages ispresented. It is the fully differential version of a previously realizedsingle-ended operational amplifier where a novel circuit to ensure constanttransconductance has been implemented [1]. The input stage is a rail-to-railstructure formed by two symmetrical OTAs in parallel (the input transistorsare operating in weak inversion). The class-AB output stages have also afull voltage swing. A rail-to-rail input common mode feedback structureallows the output voltage control. Measurements in a 0.7 µ standardCMOS process with threshold voltages of about 0.7 V have been done. Theminimum experimental supply voltage is about 1.1 V. The circuit provides a60 dB low frequency voltage gain and about 1.5 MHz unity gain frequency fora total power consumption of about 0.72 mW at a 1.5 V supply voltage.     

一种低噪声轨对轨输入CMOS运算放大器的设计

提出一种新颖的运算放大器电路结构,该电路基于同沟道MOSFET轨对轨输入设计技术,采用弱反型动态阈值MOS(DTMOS)晶体管作为输入差动对同时获得了很好的噪声性能和轨对轨输入共模范围.这些性能的获得仅仅是以增加很小的电路复杂性为代价的,而且没有增加静态功耗.该电路采用0.18μm CMOS工艺设计,仿真结果表明,在1.8V的电源电压下提供78dB的直流开环增益和38kHz的-3dB带宽,输入参考噪声电压大约5.4nV/(Hz)～(1/2).整个输入共模范围内,跨导基本恒定,浮动误差小于5%.     

一种输入输出轨到轨CMOS运算放大器的设计

随着电源电压的日益降低,信号幅度不断减小,在噪声保持不变的情况下,信噪比也会相应地减小。为了在低电源电压下获得高的信噪比,需提高信号幅度,而输入输出轨到轨运算放大器可获得与电源电压轨相当的信号幅度。中文在理论分析了输入输出轨到轨CMOS运算放大器主要架构优缺点后,给出了一种新的输入输出轨到轨CMOS运算放大器的设计,该电路在华润上华0.18 μm工艺平台上流片验证。测试结果表明,输入范围从0到电源电压,输出范围从50 mV到电源电压减去50 mV,实现了输入输出轨到轨的目标。     

Robust Design of LV/LP Low-Distortion CMOS Rail-to-Rail Input Stages

Two robust CMOS rail-to-rail OpAmp input stages are presented for low voltage ( 3 V) applications. The robust input stages are implemented using two recently reported universal approaches to achieve constant transconductance. Transconductance control circuit is also introduced to compensate for K _p , K _n mismatch of PMOS and NMOS differential pairs in the input stage. The input stages are designed for operation in the strong inversion and have a rail-to-rail common mode input voltage range. Compared with an OpAmp with simple complementary input pairs, a two stage rail-to-rail OpAmp design example exhibits lower total harmonic distortion (THD) levels over the entire common mode input voltage range.currently on leave as a visiting scholar at OSU     

高性能Rail-to-Rail恒定跨导CMOS运算放大器

基于UMC的0.6μm BCD 2P2M工艺,探讨了一种高性能Rail-to-Rail恒定跨导CMOS运算放大器.该运算放大器的输入级采用互补差分对,其尾电流由共模输入信号来控制,以此来保证输入级的总跨导在整个共模范围内保持恒定.输出级采用ClassAB类控制电路,并且将其嵌入到求和电路中,以此减少控制电路电流源引起的噪声和失调.为了优化运算放大器低频增益、频率补偿、功耗及谐波失真,求和电路采用了浮动电流源来偏置.该运算放大器采用米勒补偿实现了18MHz的带宽,低频增益约为110dB,Rail-to-Rail引起的跨导变化约为15%,功耗约为10mW.     

低功耗满幅恒跨导CMOS运算放大器设计

采用"最小电流选择技术"和前馈无截止型AB类输出结构,在Chartered 0.35μmCMOS工艺下设计了一种基于片上系统应用的低功耗、高增益恒跨导满幅运算放大器。基于Bsim3v3 Spice模型,用Hspice对整个电路进行仿真,工作电压为3V,直流开环增益125dB,相位裕量74.8°,单位增益带宽33.8MHz,静态功耗0.6mV,压摆率6V/μs,输入级跨导在共模输入电压范围内只有2.34%的变化,运放版图有效面积0.026mm2,与国内外文献介绍的满幅恒跨导电路相比,文中设计的运放有较好的性能。     

一种电流跟踪补偿的输入输出全摆幅运算放大器

介绍了一种工作在2.5V电压下、具有全摆幅输入与输出功能的两级CMOS运算放大器。通过一种简单有效的电流跟踪电路实现了输入跨导恒定的要求，这样使得频率补偿变得容易实现；为了降低功耗，输入级工作在弱反型区：输出级采用带有前馈控制电路的AB类输出电路，实现了输出信号的轨至轨。电路具有结构简单、功耗低、面积小、性能高等优点。     

低功耗轨至轨CMOS运算放大器设计

设计了一个1.5 V低功耗轨至轨CMOS运算放大器。电路设计中为了使输入共模电压范围达到轨至轨性能,采用了NMOS管和PMOS管并联的互补差动对输入结构,并采用成比例的电流镜技术实现了输入级跨导的恒定。在中间增益级设计中,采用了适合在低压工作的低压宽摆幅共源共栅结构;在输出级设计时,为了提高效率,采用了简单的推挽共源级放大器作为输出级,使得输出电压摆幅基本上达到了轨至轨。当接100 pF电容负载和1 kΩ电阻负载时,运放的静态功耗只有290μW,直流开环增益约为76 dB,相位裕度约为69°,单位增益带宽约为1 MHz。     

一个低噪声轨到轨输入输出范围的运算放大器

设计了一个轨到轨输入输出范围的低噪声运算放大器.在输入级采用电流补偿的方法来稳定该运算放大器在整个输入共模范围内的跨导,在输出级使用AB类的输出方法来提高运算放大器的输出范围,并运用双极晶体管比较低的闪烁噪声来改善该运算放大器的噪声性能,以此提高该运算放大器的动态范围.     

低压CMOS满幅度恒定增益运算放大器设计

运用负反馈控制输入共模电平,实现了电源电压仅为0.9 V的满幅度运算放大器。采用TSMC 0.35μm CMOS工艺参数HSPICE模拟结果显示,在满幅度共模电平下,运放的平均直流电压增益为66.4 dB(10 pF电容负载),增益波动仅为0.01%,平均单位增益带宽为1.88 MHz,平均相位裕度52°,平均静态功耗仅为135μW。     

一种采用共栅频率补偿的轨到轨输入/输出放大器

提出了一种采用共栅频率补偿的轨到轨输入/输出放大器,与传统的Miller补偿相比,该放大器不仅可以消除相平面右边的低频零点,减少频率补偿所需要的电容,还可获得较高的单位增益带宽.所提出的放大器通过CSMC 0.6μm CMOS数模混合工艺进行了仿真设计和流片测试:当供电电压为5V,偏置电流为20μA,负载电容为10pF时,其功耗为1.34mW,单位增益带宽为25MHz;当该放大器作为缓冲器,供电电压为3V,负载电容为150pF,输入2.66 Vpp10kHz正弦信号时,总谐波失真THD为-51.6dB.     

一种低失调CMOS轨到轨运算放大器研究

基于CMOS工艺设计了一款轨到轨运算放大器,整体电路包括偏置电路、输入级、输出级以及ESD保护电路。电路中的输入级使用了一种全新的架构,通过一对耗尽型NMOS管作为输入管,实现轨到轨输入,同时在输入级采用了共源共栅结构,能够提供较高的共模输入范围和增益;在输出级,为了得到满摆幅输出而采用了AB类输出级;同时ESD保护电路采用传统的GGMOS电路,耐压大于2 kV。经过仿真后可知,电路的输入偏置电流为150 fA,在负载为100 kΩ的情况下,输出最高和最低电压可达距电源轨和地轨的20 mV范围内,当电源电压为5 V时能获得80 dB的CMRR和120 dB的增益,相位裕度约为50°,单位增益带宽约为1.5 MHz。     

Very Low Voltage Rail-to-Rail Programmable-Gain CMOS Amplifier

A novel design technique for operating closed-loop amplifier circuits at very low supply voltages is proposed. It is based on the use of quasi-floating gate transistors, avoiding issues encountered in true floating-gate structures such as the initial floating-gate charge, offset drift with temperature, and the gain-bandwidth product degradation. A programmable-gain differential amplifier is designed and implemented following this method. Measurement results of an experimental prototype fabricated in a 0.5-m CMOS technology validate on silicon the proposed technique.     

低压Rail-to-Rail CMOS运算放大器的设计

基于0.5μm标准CMOS工艺,设计了一种带有恒跨导输入级的轨对轨(rail-to-rail)低压CMOS运算放大器.采用折叠式共源共栅差分电流镜放大器输入级和改进的CMOS AB类输出级,实现了电源满幅度的输入输出和恒输入跨导.用Cadence Spectre仿真器,对整个电路在3.3 V工作电压下进行仿真,其直流开环增益AV=70.6 dB,相位裕度PM=71°,单位增益带宽GB=1.37 MHz.芯片面积为0.7 mm×0.4 mm.实际测试结果与模拟结果基本一致.     

一种微功耗轨到轨输出AB类运算放大器设计

在分析研究AB类运算放大器的输入和输出级构成原理基础上,提出一种与信号处理模块的输出端匹配并具有一定负载能力的缓冲器的设计。缓冲器采用了AB类运放结构,其输入级采用折叠式共射共基结构,输出级分别采用PNP管和NMOS管作为上拉管和下拉管,结合电路结构的改进使之具有轨到轨(rail-to-rail)的输出特性和很低的静态电流。设计的电路具有开环增益大、静态功耗小、带宽较高等特点。此运放已在1.5μmBCD工艺下实现。测试结果表明,静态电流仅为8.5μA,闭环带宽达200kHz,开环增益为100dB。     

恒定跨导Rail-to-Rail CMOS运放设计

设计了一种新型的低电压低功耗且跨导恒定的Rail-to-Rail CMOS运算放大器,输入级采用改进的最大电流选择电路结构,输出级采用推挽输出结构,其输入输出摆幅均为Rail-to-Rail,工作电压为±1.5V.整个电路采用BSM30.5μm CMOS工艺模型参数进行了HSPICE仿真,静态功耗仅为0.5mW,当电路驱动20pF的电容负载时,电路的直流增益达到78dB,单位增益带宽达到470MHz,相位裕度为59°.     

Low Voltage CMOS Power Amplifier with Rail-to-Rail Input and Output

This paper describes a CMOS power amplifier with rail-to-rail input and output, also suitable for low voltage applications. The amplifier uses Simple Miller Compensation with high bandwidth stage to robustly and power efficiently compensate the amplifier. Circuit also includes a common mode adapter block, based on resistive level shift network, to implement rail-to-rail input and optional adaptive biasing block, which can be used to extend bandwidth of the amplifier for large high frequency inputs in continuous-time applications. Measurement results show that the amplifier is capable of driving heavy resistive and capacitive loads having maximum output current exceeding 100 mA, when driving 1 nF ‖ 10 Ω load from 3.0 V supply. Without adaptive biasing the linear amplifier achieves 5.7 MHz unity gain frequency and 61^∘ phase margin when driving 1 nF ‖ 1 kΩ load, while drawing 2.4 mA from 1.5 V supply.     

基于SOC应用恒定跨导Rail-to-Rail CMOS运算放大器

基于SOC应用,采用CSMC 0.5μm DPDM CMOS工艺,设计了一种恒定跨导的Rail-to-Rail CMOS运算放大器。该运算放大器采用平方根电路恒定输入级总跨导;同时运用Class AB推挽电路作输出级,获得高驱动能力和低谐波失真。在5 V单电源工作电压、30 pF负载电容和10 KΩ负载电阻情况下,经过Hspice仿真,运放的直流开环增益达到98 dB,相位裕度为65°,输入级跨导最大偏差低于17%。