GJB151A/152A与民用标准的对比(Ⅱ)——辐射发射对比

民用电子产品应用于军用电子设备或与其共处于同一电磁环境,可能会带来潜在的电磁兼容性问题。本文对电磁兼容性国军标(GJB151A/152A-97)与相应的民用电磁兼容标准进行对比,详细比较了两类标准的异同性,分析了民用电子产品与军用设备电磁兼容的可能性。全文分传导发射、辐射发射、传导敏感度和辐射敏感度四部分阐述,本篇为第二部分。     

GJB151A/152A与民用标准的对比(I)——传导发射对比

民用电子产品应用于军用电子设备或与其共处于同一电磁环境,可能会带来潜在的电磁兼容性问题。本文对电磁兼容性国军标(GJB151A/152A-97)与相应的民用电磁兼容标准进行对比,详细比较了两类标准的异同性,分析了民用电子产品与军用设备电磁兼容的可能性。全文分传导发射、辐射发射、传导敏感度和辐射敏感度四部分阐述,本篇为第一部分。     

Military Influence on the Electrical Engineering Curriculum Since World War II

In World War II, the military discovered ``science,' notably in the forms of radar and the atom bomb. Regrettably, physicists?not engineers?developed these technologies, for engineering education had not prepared that generation of engineers to cope with innovation. Since that war, academic engineers have found it increasingly easier to get research funds for military-related projects than for others clearly non-military. Indeed, military-related support has been so abundant that ideas with primarily commercial rather than military application have been subordinated unless they could be expressed in potential-military terms. The standard electrical engineering curriculum has followed the pattern of academic research support since World War II. Courses in electronics, communications, and electromagnetic waves have grown out of the World War II experience in radar and subsequent developments in electronic warfare. Computer development began in World War II and has since been motivated primarily by military needs. Space activity likewise has had military motivation from the outset. New curricular trends reflect these military purposes. True, there has been valuable civilian ``spinoff' from these technologies, notably in the computer field. But one may ask whether military applications follow the available technology or whether perceived military needs drive the technology and hence the curriculum. If the latter is the case, we may be educating a generation unable to envision a world at peace.     

An overview on development of miniature unmanned rotorcraft systems

In this article, we attempt to document a technical overview on modern miniature unmanned rotorcraft systems. We first give a brief review on the historical development of the rotorcraft unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and then move on to present a fairly detailed and general overview on the hardware configuration, software integration, aerodynamic modeling and automatic flight control system involved in constructing the unmanned system. The applications of the emerging technology in the military and civilian domains are also highlighted.     

Thermographic detection of breast cancer

The author outlines the historical attempts made to use infrared thermography for breast cancer detection. He concludes that the technique was a great idea that failed. One can produce good thermal images of the breast, and these images often show features that reflect disease. But the association between skin temperature and breast cancer is too weak to be useful, given the need to detect small tumors and the statistics of breast cancer. However, infrared imaging has experienced great progress in recent years, which is a result of military research in night vision. Several groups in the U.S., Canada, and Japan are experimenting with advanced thermographic systems for detection of breast cancer. This work, the “new thermography”, is still in preliminary stages and no extensive clinical studies have apparently been published. The obvious hope is that improved thermal sensitivity will result in improved sensitivity as a medical test -a plausible but so far unproven hypothesis. Detection of breast cancer graphically illustrates the very large difference between getting a medical technology to “work” in a technical or engineering sense, and in meeting the needs of physicians and their patients. There is also a difference between observing promising results with individual patients, and in showing that a technique will benefit the many patients with whom it will be used. We would do our students a favor by helping them to understand the difference. And those who fail to learn the lessons of the past may have to repeat them again     

Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) utility applicationstudies

The results of a study performed with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA) to assess the benefits of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) for electric utility applications are presented. The study was conducted for the US Defense Nuclear Agency and the Department of Energy as part of their efforts to develop SMES for military and civilian applications. The technical benefits of the SMES and alternative technology options and the economic value of those benefits were determined for two stability-related cases     

一种民用实时监控系统研究与设计

随着我国经济的发展和社会的进步,机动车辆投放数量日益增加,干线公路交通量呈迅速增长,交通拥挤堵塞现象日趋严重变通事故频繁发生,安全交通、交通管理迫切需求对公路通行状态进行实时检测、信息发放。根据目前航空领域成熟的军用实时监控技术提出了一种民用实时监控系统,分析研究车辆识别技术,实现交通信息的实时数据采集,用于车流量分析以及交通阻塞预警,完成对采集的数据进行分析与信息发布,具有广阔的应用前景。     

虚拟仪器在数字阵列天线测试中的应用

在现代雷达和民用通讯领域,数字阵列天线是当前的一大研究热点。但是阵列系统的多天线单元和多收发通道必然带来阵列系统的误差。所以,天线交付前都要准确获得其相对幅相误差的分布。而一般的天线测试系统通用性较差,测试工作量大。我们利用虚拟仪器系统开发平台－LabVIEW和NI支持的数字信号采集卡,编制具有友好人机交互界面的数据采集和监视VI（虚拟仪器）,可以实现阵列天线测试过程中的通道监视、数据采集,大大简化数字天线阵列的测试工作量。开发的系统极大缩减了阵列天线的测试周期。     

Are Diamonds a MEMS' Best Friend?

Next-generation military and civilian communication systems will require technologies capable of handling data/ audio, and video simultaneously while supporting multiple RF systems operating in several different frequency bands from the MHz to the GHz range [1]. RF microelectromechani-cal/nanoelectromechanical (MEMS/NEMS) devices, such as resonators and switches, are attractive to industry as they offer a means by which performance can be greatly improved for wireless applications while at the same time potentially reducing overall size and weight as well as manufacturing costs.     

提高我国集成电路国产化率的研究

集成电路具有体积小、重量轻、寿命长、可靠性高等优点,同时可大规模生产而降低成本,因而广泛应用于工业、军事和民用电子设备[1]。我国是全球最大的集成电路产业应用市场,也是最大的集成电路产品进口国。但由于国内产业综合能力较差,产品缺乏核心技术,产业规模与市场需求极其不相适应。实现集成电路国产化无论从国家信息安全还是市场空间角度都将是国家重点投入推广的方向。通过具体数据的比较和分析,对国家信息安全问题、产业和市场以及进出口状况方面进行全面而客观地阐述。分析过程中逐步思考造成我国集成电路国产化率低的原因和亟需解决的问题,结合我国集成电路产业自身特点,提出了提升我国集成电路国产化率的对策。     

多功能接口GPS接收系统研究

GPS全球定位系统(global positioning system)具有在海、陆、空进行全方位实时三维导航与定位能力的新一代卫星导航与定位系统.GPS以全天候、高精度等显著特点,在军用、民用、测绘等多种领域有着广泛应用.GPS卫星定位技术在民用领域有着非常广阔的前景,以多接口通用GPS接收系统为设计目标,对GPS接收技术,各种流行的接口技术,电源管理技术,抗干扰技术等作了多方面的研究.并做了实际的测试.成功开发了GARMIN GPS接收机的接口系统,尤其在红外线接口的设计中加入了抗PCB噪声和抗EMI的设计,使得红外数据传输更为稳定.电源管理方面也采用了先进的技术,使得仅一节干电池仍能持续供电数小时.     

卫星通信在大型无人机输电线路巡检测控中的应用

针对大型无人机输电线路巡检的测控通信技术瓶颈,通过多种方案的分析和比较,提出了直接转发点对点方式卫星通信解决方案。在技术方案实施中分析评估了机载天线最佳选型和安装位置,前向利用双重发射分集的方法,返向利用检测接收信号能量的方式,有效地解决了卫星通信系统信号被直升机旋翼遮挡导致通信链路中断的关键技术问题,有力地推动大型无人机输电线路巡检实用化进程,并进一步拓展卫星通信技术在民用和军用领域的应用范围。     

虚拟现实技术及其在军事领域的应用

虚拟现实是一种可以创建和体验虚拟世界的计算机系统,虚拟现实技术已广泛应用于航空航天、建筑设计、军事教育、技能训练等许多领域.本文介绍了虚拟现实技术的产生背景、概念、特性、关键技术、应用以及未来,重点阐述了其在军事领域的应用.虚拟现实技术作为新的教学媒体,它的应用将对军事教育训练改革产生深远影响.     

永磁同步电动机研究现状评述

永磁同步电动机常常被用来构建高精度的运动控制系统，近年其应用受到广泛关注。分析了永磁同步电动机的研究现状，包括位置预估方法、电机结构与驱动技术。综合应用这些技术，可以实现永磁同步电动机的广泛民用化。     

高光谱图像异常目标检测研究进展

高光谱图像异常目标检测在国防军用和民用方面都具有重要的理论价值和应用前景,是当前遥感信息和图像处理处理研究领域中的一个热点研究问题。异常检测是在没有任何先验知识的条件下检测图像中出现的人为或异常地物目标。从高光谱异常检测理论入手,介绍了目前高光谱异常检测算法的研究进展和存在问题,最后对异常检测的发展做出了预测。     

400Hz 逆变电源并联控制技术研究

400 Hz中频电源在各种军用和民用系统中得到广泛应用,针对其输出电压波形难以控制和并联运行存在环流等问题进行了分析和研究.详细分析了两台逆变器参考信号存在相位差时造成逆变器输出电流矢量不相等的原因.采用CPLD实现各逆变器启动基准信号同步,采用DSP实现瞬时无功理论方法控制各逆变器输出的电流瞬时值相等,以确保各逆变器...     

Time-Frequency Excision for GNSS Applications

Interference detection and mitigation in global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) are important issues for both military and civilian applications. In this paper, a novel time-frequency algorithm for GNSS application is proposed. The use of infinite impulse-response notch filters for the interference excision is introduced and analytical formulas for the detection of the disturbing signals are derived. The proposed method is tested by simulations and compared with time-frequency excision algorithms reported in literature, proving its effectiveness for interference removal.     

电力线通信技术在配电网中的应用研究

通过对现有电力线通信 (PLC)技术以及国内的中压与低压配电网的实际情况分析 ,提出了PLC技术不但可用于居民宽带接入 ,也可用于配网自动化控制方面的通信。研究了在中压配网自动化系统中PLC技术方案的优势 ,以及低压民用配电网中的PLC宽带接入应用方案 ,并结合具体网络拓扑结构进行了试验和研究。     

基于DSP的组合导航系统设计

组合导航系统在军民用中有着巨大的应用前景,在高空无人飞行中,组合导航系统的性能直接影响到飞行控制的精度和稳定性。为设计结构紧凑、体积小巧、精度较高、稳定性好的组合导航系统,对微型组合导航系统进行了研究,设计了信号调理电路、模数转换电路、串口扩展电路,并根据所选用的DSP型号—TMS320C6713的特点进行了硬件版图设计,最后对所设计的组合导航系统给出了软件设计。仿真结果表明所设计的组合导航系统稳定性好,精度较高。     

模拟调制方式识别的FPGA设计与实现

调制方式识别广泛应用于在军用和民用通信方面。为了能快速识别出模拟信号的调制方式,采用基于特征参数的调制方式识别方法进行讨论。通过对5种模拟调制信号识别原理的分析,从提高处理速度和减少资源消耗的角度设计了流水线结构的FPGA的实现方案。仿真测试结果表明该方案设计正确、有效合理,并且处理速度快,精度高。