卷烟机滑动式吸丝导轨研究设计

卷烟机生产过程中,吸丝带在吸丝带导轨瓷轮上面运行时,瓷轮与吸丝带是点接触,点与点之间无支撑,在吸风的作用下,吸丝带的运行轨迹会呈现轻微的波浪形,同时吸丝带运行时会有轻微抖动,产生烟丝传输不均匀的现象,从而影响烟支的重量。研究发现只要将原来的瓷轮去掉,由分体的瓷轮改成整体的支撑筋,支撑吸丝带的面设计为圆弧形,保证支撑筋的耐磨性,保证支撑筋与吸丝带为线接触,使吸丝带在整个吸丝面上的吸风保持均匀,依次来保证烟支重量的稳定性,减少该部位因磨损造成的维修成本,大大提高工作效率。     

ZJ17卷接机组吸丝带导轨的结构改进

针对ZJ17卷接机组吸丝带在运行过程中存在的烟丝跑漏、吸丝带运行成波浪形等问题,在保证吸丝带导轨原有的工作需求和工作精度的前提下,对吸丝带侧边导条结构、两侧边导条之间的距离、吸丝带与导轨之间的接触面积进行技术改进:取消了两侧边导条之间的陶瓷辊轮以合金衬条取代;在保证吸丝带吸风面积的前提下,增加了吸丝带与导轨的接触面积.改进后烟支的空头率波动范围降低至0.08%~0.12%,烟支质量短期标准偏差降低至11.4 mg,烟支质量长期标准偏差降低至4.2 mg,有效提高了吸丝带运行的稳定性、可靠性,降低了烟丝发生跑漏的概率,从而降低了烟丝消耗,提高了设备运行效率.     

热空气定型工艺对卷烟吸丝带性能的影响

热空气定型可以减小卷烟吸丝带的定负荷伸长率,改善带面平整性,适度改善吸丝带坯带宽度不匀性和荷叶边现象。现从热空气定型拉伸力、定型温度和定型时间等工艺参数入手,对卷烟吸丝带性能的影响进行分析。     

PASSIM70卷烟机吸丝带导轨的改进设计

ＡＳＳＩＭ７０卷烟机吸丝带导轨的改进设计焦建华１原装ＰＡＳＳＩＭ７０卷烟机吸丝带导轨现代高速卷烟机基本上都采用吸丝成形的工作原理，而吸丝带导轨又是很关键的零件之一，它直接影响着吸丝带的使用寿命和烟丝密度的控制。英国ＭＯＬＩＮＳ公司继ＳＵＰＥＲ９卷接机...     

高速卷烟机吸丝带的研制

吸丝带是烟厂吸附法输送烟丝的主要部件，易耗、成本高。本文介绍了自行设计、研制的吸丝带，其工艺流程、工艺参数及机械设计情况。     

高速卷烟机吸丝带的研制

目前 ,国内各卷烟厂引进的高速卷烟机 ,普遍采用吸附法输送烟丝。吸丝带作为载体是吸附输送烟丝的易耗部件。全国每年消耗约 60万条吸丝带 ,且主要依赖进口 ,需花费大量的外汇。为了尽快使国内各烟厂降低成本 ,增加效益 ,尽早以国产吸丝带替代进口产品 ,我院科技人员经广泛调查研究 ,自行设计研制成功一条吸丝带生产线。经上机试验 ,能满足生产要求 ,得到用户的欢迎。1　产品规格表 1　产品规格经密 根·(10ｃｍ) - 1纬密 根·(10ｃｍ) - 1名义长度 ｍｍ名义宽度 ｍｍ2 72 12 7 40 2 0 9.2由于高速卷烟机吸丝带在运转过程中 ,要求具有强力大…     

PASSIM卷烟机吸丝带传动装置的改造

PASSIM卷烟机由于风室较长,在负载运行时传动装置对吸丝带的驱动力不足而发生打滑,造成烟丝分布不均,导致烟支空头率上升、重量标准偏差大等问题。根据同步齿形带的传动原理,对吸丝带传动的主动轮结构及驱动方式进行了改造。改造后有效解决了吸丝带打滑问题,烟支空头率由0.8%下降为0.3%,烟支重量偏差范围由原来的22.4～31mg下降为18～22.2mg,减少了原材料的消耗。     

高速卷烟机吸丝带改进设计方案

国内进口的各种高速卷烟机.其后身供丝系统均有不足之处.影响了卷烟质量.产生了烟丝造碎和维修不便等问题.根据用户的改进要求和博采众长,本文就尼龙吸丝带、钢吸丝带提出了改进设计方案以供参考.     

卷烟吸丝带的特性织造

从纱线张力、送经方式、温湿度要求和组织特性四个方面入手,阐明了卷烟吸丝带的织造特性,即差异化张力、分轴与被动式送经、特殊的温湿度要求和非对称性组织结构。这些特性对卷烟吸丝带的质量、制成率和生产具有决定性的意义。     

应用超声技术解决烟支紧头位置窜动问题

为防止因烟支紧头位置发生窜动造成的烟支空头率增大,分析了紧头位置发生窜动的原因。认为是由烟丝的类型或物理性质发生变化,平准器旷量过大,吸丝带相对吸丝带轮发生打滑等因素引起的,其中风室导轨和烟舌对烟丝阻力过大是关键因素。并采用超声波振动减小阻力等技术,较好地解决了烟支紧头位置窜动的问题。     

Applications of emerging imaging techniques for meat quality and safety detection and evaluation: A review

With improvement in people's living standards, many people nowadays pay more attention to quality and safety of meat. However, traditional methods for meat quality and safety detection and evaluation, such as manual inspection, mechanical methods, and chemical methods, are tedious, time-consuming, and destructive, which cannot meet the requirements of modern meat industry. Therefore, seeking out rapid, non-destructive, and accurate inspection techniques is important for the meat industry. In recent years, a number of novel and noninvasive imaging techniques, such as optical imaging, ultrasound imaging, tomographic imaging, thermal imaging, and odor imaging, have emerged and shown great potential in quality and safety assessment. In this paper, a detailed overview of advanced applications of these emerging imaging techniques for quality and safety assessment of different types of meat (pork, beef, lamb, chicken, and fish) is presented. In addition, advantages and disadvantages of each imaging technique are also summarized. Finally, future trends for these emerging imaging techniques are discussed, including integration of multiple imaging techniques, cost reduction, and developing powerful image-processing algorithms.     

采前喷施壳聚糖复合膜对猕猴桃软腐病的防控及其保鲜作用

以‘贵长’猕猴桃为试材,通过病原菌分离、致病性测定和DNA测序鉴定了修文县猕猴桃软腐病病原菌,并选用壳聚糖、钙盐和糊精分别与茶多酚、甘氨酸、柠檬酸、抗菌肽混合制备和筛选了复合膜剂,研究了采前幼果期和壮果末期果面喷施壳聚糖复合膜对猕猴桃软腐病的防控及其保鲜作用。结果表明,修文县猕猴桃软腐病病原菌为葡萄座腔菌（Botryosphaeria dothidea）和拟茎点霉菌（Phomopsis sp.）;采前喷施不同壳聚糖复合膜对其软腐病的防效均达60%以上（添加茶多酚防效86.54%、甘氨酸防效61.54%、柠檬酸防效71.15%、抗菌肽防效69.23%）,显著降低丙二醛（MDA）积累,提高果实的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性,诱导增强果实的抗病性。同时,该复合膜能有效地增加果实单果质量和体积,显著提高果实VC、可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖、可滴定酸、叶绿素和蛋白质的含量,促进猕猴桃产量的增加和品质的改善。此外,施用该复合膜还能有效提高和维持果实硬度、降低果实呼吸强度以及果实质量损失率和营养物质的损失,明显抑制果实可溶性固形物和可溶性总糖含量的上升速率和延缓组织的衰老软化,从而提高了猕猴桃耐贮性。研究结果为猕猴桃优质栽培、病害有机防控和果实绿色保鲜提供了科学依据和新途径。     

可持续生产再生资源表面活性剂的国际研究进展（网络首发、推荐阅读）

表面活性剂是重要的化学产品,作为乳化剂和界面改性剂应用于家用洗涤剂、个人护理产品、油漆和涂料、食品、化妆品和制药工业中。聚焦表面活性剂在研究和开发方面取得的最新国际进展,尤其以改善其在整个生命周期的生态可持续性,包括以再生资源为原料的衍生物、使用绿色制造原则生产、以及在消费者使用和处置过程中提高生物相容性和生物降解性。生物基表面活性剂来源于植物油、多糖、蛋白质、磷脂和其他可再生资源,目前约占表面活性剂市场的24%,这一比例预计还将增加,特别是在亚洲。可再生能源的使用对消费者很有吸引力,因为这能减少二氧化碳（一种与气候变化有关的温室气体）的产生。酶可以通过减少有机溶剂、水和能源的使用,减少副产品和废物的形成,大大提高工艺的可持续性。在用于合成表面活性剂的生物酶中,脂肪酶是最强效的,因其具有较高的生物催化活性、操作稳定性和形成或切割酯、酰胺和硫代酯键的能力。为了使酶成为表面活性剂的强效催化剂,需对其进一步研究开发,以提高催化生产率、稳定性和降低其购买成本。     

Effects of Dietary Components on Cancer of the Digestive System

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in developed countries and poor diet and physical inactivity are major risk factors in cancer-related deaths. Therefore, interventions to reduce levels of smoking, improve diet, and increase physical activity must become much higher priorities in the general population's health and health care systems. The consumption of fruit and vegetables exerts a preventive effect towards cancer and in recent years natural dietary agents have attracted great attention in the scientific community and among the general public. Foods, such as tomatoes, olive oil, broccoli, garlic, onions, berries, soy bean, honey, tea, aloe vera, grapes, rosemary, basil, chili peppers, carrots, pomegranate, and curcuma contain active components that can influence the initiation and the progression of carcinogenesis, acting on pathways implied in cell proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis. The present review illustrates the main foods and their active components, including their antioxidant, cytotoxic, and pro-apoptotic properties, with a particular focus on the evidence related to cancers of the digestive system.     

Proximate composition and mineral contents of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) breast meat, claw meat and hepatopancreas

The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional composition of the breast, claw meat and hepatopancreas of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus). Samples were subjected to proximate (protein, fat, ash and moisture) and calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium (Ca, Mg, P, K and Na) analyses. Protein, fat, ash and moisture of the breast, claw meat and hepatopancreas of the blue crab averaged 19.05, 0.59, 2.10 and 76.85 g/100 g, respectively. The results have revealed that this species is a rich source of protein, Ca, Mg, P and Na. Claw meat had higher protein concentrations (19.55 g/100 g) than both breast meat and hepatopancreas (18.81 g/100 g). Na was predominant element among minerals analysed. There were significant differences between Ca, Mg, P, K and Na contents of claw, breast meat and hepatopancreas of the blue crab. Information on the nutrient composition is needed to facilitate the processing, utilisation and marketing of blue crab products. Blue crab could balance human nutrition and could be used as an alternative dietary supplement of proteins and mineral matter.     

中国与主要发达国家牛羊禽肉与猪肉比价分析

分析了1995年以来美国、欧盟、日本、韩国和我国猪牛羊禽肉价格走势。除日本外,其余国家牛肉和猪肉价格均呈上涨趋势;美国、欧盟和中国羊肉价格以及美国、欧盟、韩国和中国鸡肉均呈涨势。日本和韩国牛肉/猪肉比价显著高于其它国家,总体呈降势,美国、欧盟和中国则呈增加趋势。我国牛羊肉/猪肉比价季节性不明显。我国和韩国鸡肉/猪肉比价处于低位。     

纺织检测技术与仪器发展的回顾及前瞻

由于数学、物理学、机械工程学、电子学，特别是微电子学、计算机网络技术和数据处理技术的发展，纺织检测理论和技术取得了长足的发展，纺织检测仪器的自动化水平、检测功能综合及复合程度都有了极大提高。随着市场经济的发展和全球经济一体化进程的推进，纺织材料品质检验工作将逐步完善实施第三方客观公证检验制度，并且将增加新的检测项目，数量逐步加大，逐步建立起以产品质量法为基准，标准和合同质量承诺相结合的质量保证体系。     

Composites from Bast Fibres-Prospects and Potential in the Changing Market Environment

Abstract

Composite materials reinforced with natural fibres, such as flax, hemp, kenaf and jute, are gaining increasing importance in automotive, aerospace, packaging and other industrial applications due to their lighter weight, competitive specific strength and stiffness, improved energy recovery, carbon dioxide sequestration, ease and flexibility of manufacturing and environmental friendliness besides the benefit of the renewable resources of bast fibres. The market scenario for composite applications is changing due to the introduction of newer biodegradable polymers, such as PLA synthesized from corn, development of composite making techniques and new stringent environmental laws requiring improved recyclability or biodegradability for industrial applications where stress bearing capacities and micro-mechanical failures dictate serviceability. Bast fibre reinforced composites, made from biodegradable polymers, will have to compete with conventional composites in terms of their mechanical behaviour. Biocomposites, in which natural fibres, such as kenaf, jute, flax, hemp, sisal, corn stalk, bagasse or even grass are embedded in a biodegradable matrix, made as bioplastics from soybean, corn and sugar, have openedup new possibilities for applications in automotive and building products. Obviously, new approaches to research and development will be required to improve their mechanical properties, such as tensile, bending and impact resistance to match their performance and commercial competitiveness against petroleum based products. The research community has to look at the various possibilities of combining natural fibres, such as sisal, flax, hemp and jute with polymer matrices from non-renewable and renewable resources to develop cost effective biocomposites. This paper will review the newer products and techniques that can improve the properties of bast fibre based composites as well as potential structural and non-structural applications which can increase their market share.     

Bioactive Components and Health-Promoting Properties of Yuzu (Citrus ichangensis × C. reticulate)

Yuzu (Citrus ichangensis × C. reticulate) fruit is an important functional food that possesses several health-promoting properties. It has been widely used in commercial medical products, healthy foods, and cosmetics in many countries. Yuzu is a rich source of wide variety of non-nutritive compounds, such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, carotenoids, and tannins; as well as nutritive compounds such as sugars, proteins, vitamins, fibers, and minerals. Yuzu fruit (juice, peel, and seeds) and its bioactive compounds have been demonstrated to have numerous functional properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiplatelet, angiogenesis, and antimicrobial properties, both in vitro and in vivo. These diverse applications provided by the yuzu fruit (juice, peel, and seeds) and its bioactive compounds are of great industrial importance. This review summarizes the composition, nutritional values, and functional properties of yuzu fruit, and their biological activity in relation to their potential impact on human health.     

基于UPLC/Q-TOF MS/MS的芝麻油成分分析

为发现芝麻油中新成分,通过UPLC/Q-TOF MS/MS对4种芝麻油甲醇提取液进行检测分析。结果表明：4种芝麻油中共发现143种共同物质,其中正离子模式71种,负离子模式72种。共同物质中鉴定出77种物质,其余66种为未鉴定成分;77种鉴定成分中包括脂肪酸及衍生物(8种)、芝麻素、芝麻林素、硬脂酰胺等12种已知成分,其余65种为新发现成分;新发现成分包括油酸酰胺、棕榈酰胺、亚油酰胺、芥酸酰胺、8-甲基-N-香草基壬酰胺、辣椒酰胺、N-硬脂酰丙氨酸等17种脂肪酸酰胺,十六碳烯酸、十八碳烯酸等22种脂肪酸及衍生物,5-脱氧基维醇、天孢菌素等5种类黄酮,马泰树脂醇、银杏酸等21种其他成分。芝麻油中含有大量新成分和未知成分,富含的脂肪酸、脂肪酸酰胺、类黄酮、木脂素等物质可解释其独特生理功能。