Multidimensionality versus inconclusiveness: The baby and the bathwater.

Replies to comments by A. E. Kazdin (see record 1989-12740-001) and K. B. Schmaling and N. S. Jacobson (see record 1989-12763-001) on the present authors' (see record 1989-12762-001) study on social learning family therapy for aggressive children. It is maintained that analyses of the data yield an inference of powerful behavioral-systemic intervention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Some broader issues: Clinical relevance, gender sensitivity, and psychometrics.

Responds to comments by G. B. Spanier (see record 1989-17637-001) and L. Thompson (see record 1989-17646-001) on the present authors' (see record 1989-17603-001) evaluation of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Where is the source of artifact? Subject roles or hypothesis learning.

In their rejoinder, D. E. Carlston and J. L. Cohen (see record 1984-13805-001) criticized the present authors' (see record 1983-31564-001) study and argued that the alternative conception of S behavior in experiments was not substantively different from that proposed by others. In this response, a reexamination of the empirical evidence from the original study by Carlston and Cohen (see record 1982-12761-001) indicated that the present authors' conclusions had been warranted. A reconsideration of the theoretical issues identifies 3 fundamental differences between S awareness and hypothesis learning and the S role approach. (9 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reply to Kurosawa.

Defends the 1st 2 authors' (see record 1982-30838-001) reanalysis of the M. L. Smith and G. V. Glass (see record 1978-10341-001) psychotherapy outcome study and responds to criticism by K. Kurosawa (see record 1984-24820-001) regarding their conclusion that there is convincing evidence for the efficacy of psychotherapy. (3 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reply to Deutsch and Green.

Replies to the comments of F. Deutsch (see record 1986-26175-001) and B. L. Green (see record 1986-26216-001) on the present authors' (see record 1986-10770-001) aggressive interchange with B. P. Dohrenwend and P. E. Shrout (see record 1986-10765-001) about confounding problems in studies on stress. It is suggested that Deutsch has joined in the fray and that Green has raised an interesting issue (i.e., the relative predictive power of objective and subjective measures of stressful events). (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reply to Bar-Hillel and Fischhoff.

Responds to M. Bar-Hillel and B. Fischhoff's (see record 1982-09792-001) paper on the present authors' (see record 1981-07963-001) study of base rates and individual predictions. It is suggested that the theoretical position that Bar-Hillel and Fischhoff advance seems plausible. However, it leads to 2 clear predictions that were not supported in the studies by Manis et al. (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Methodological issues and the construct validity of the MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale: A response to the rebuttal and constructive comments of Merenda and Sparadeo.

Responds to the criticisms by P. F. Merenda and F. Sparadeo (see record 1982-04761-001) on the present authors' study (see record 1980-02442-001) of the construct validity of the MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale. It is felt that although some of their statistical concerns have merit, they have overemphasized the practical importance of these concerns and have overlooked other important findings. (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Compounding the errors: A reply to Pollak and Gilligan.

Responds to a rebuttal by S. Pollak and C. Gilligan (see record 1984-12283-001) of the present authors' (see record 1984-12235-001) criticisms of Pollak and Gilligan's (see record 1982-23594-001) study of males and females' violent TAT responses. In addition to not addressing the prior criticisms, it is argued that Pollak and Gilligan introduce 3 new sources of errors regarding their misunderstanding of experimental replication, fantasy classification, and statistical inference. (3 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reply to Howard and Lambert: Case study methodology.

Responds to comments made by G. S. Howard (see record 1983-10835-001) and M. J. Lambert (see record 1983-10839-001) on the present authors' (see record 1983-10832-001) single-case outcome study. The authors argue that (1) their therapeutic procedures and research methods were clearly tied to theories of behavior change; (2) more comprehensive outcome measurement cannot reveal how behavior change occurs; (3) although case studies should be only one of many approaches to studying the counseling process, many of the typical approaches are not applicable. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Span of apprehension deficits in vulnerable children: Further comments.

Replies to the comments of R. F. Asarnow et al (see record 1985-01251-001) on the failure by the present authors (see record 1985-01308-001) to replicate findings of an earlier study by Asarnow and colleagues (see record 1978-05788-001) that showed performance deficits on the span of apprehension task in children vulnerable to psychopathology. Although the present authors acknowledge that the procedure used by Asarnow and colleagues involved nonfoveal presentations while the present authors' procedure did not, they stand by their conclusion that the findings of the earlier study are not generalizable. (4 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Some facets of consistency: Replies to Epstein, Funder, and Bem.

Identifies convergences and substantive differences in the comments made by S. Epstein (see record 1983-23443-001), D. C. Funder (see record 1983-30290-001), and D. J. Bem (see record 1984-04001-001) regarding the present authors' (see record 1983-05642-001) reanalysis of some issues and proposals in the search for cross-situational consistency in social behavior. (32 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comments on the Maslach and Marshall-Zimbardo experiments.

Addresses interpretive questions raised in articles by C. Maslach (see record 1980-30451-001) and by G. D. Marshall and P. G. Zimbardo (see record 1980-29870-001) concerning the present authors' (see record 1963-06064-001) 2-factor model of emotion. (19 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

What about the question of integration? A reply to Apfelbaum and to Ellis

Responds to B. Apfelbaum's (see record 1982-06074-001) and A. Ellis's (see record 1982-06089-001) critiques of the present authors' (see record 1980-30751-001) article concerning the integration of psychoanalytic and behavior therapies. The replies to both authors are addressed separately. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Amazing new discovery: Piaget was wrong": Response.

Responds to the critiques by H. Markovits (see record 1994-05074-001) and L. S. Siegel (see record 1994-05095-001) of the authors' original article (see record 1994-05070-001) suggesting that children's failure on one of Piaget's best known tasks, conservation of solid quantity, reflexts ignorance of physical properties rather than inadequate reasoning ability. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The practice of science in the family.

Responds to comments by B. D. Forman (see record 1990-29006-001), S. A. Kirschner (see record 1990-29011-001), and M. Rohrbaugh (see record 1990-29019-001) on the present authors' (see record 1990-29009-001) work on the use of paradoxical interventions with couples. Focus is on (1) the subjectivist and objectivist research approach; (2) language, relationship, and content analysis; and (3) the relevancy of science to practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reply to Block and Buirski and to DeFrancesco.

Responds to comments by P. Block and P. Buirski (see record 1993-07301-001) and J. J. DeFrancesco (see record 1993-07303-001) regarding the authors' (see record 1992-06970-001) idea for a network of centers of excellence to provide postdoctoral training. The authors address services to the underserved, prolonged professional training, and a changing marketplace. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Bias in defining test bias: Reply to Darlington.

Argues that R. B. Darlington's response (see record 1979-22558-001) to the present authors' original criticism (see record 1977-20109-001) is not satisfactory. It is suggested that Darlington's "rational" viewpoint cannot reconcile the issue of individual rights vs quotas and that his contention that the present authors' article was contradictory is incorrect. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Academic expectations, attributed responsibility, and teachers' reinforcement behavior: A suggested integration of conflicting literatures.

Replies to W.-U. Meyer's (see record 1979-29550-001) criticisms of the methodology of the present authors' (see record 1978-08780-001) study of teacher performance expectations and reinforcement behavior. Several counter-arguments are presented, and an integrative interpretation of the conflicting feedback literature is offered. (14 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Children's responses to ambiguous messages: A response to Ackerman's reply.

Responds to B. P. Ackerman's (see record 1987-03694-001) reply to the present authors' (see record 1985-25142-001) test of Ackerman's (see record 1982-05434-001) conclusions concerning the ability of young children to understand that verbal messages can be ambiguous, particularly the idea that children's understanding is masked in standard referential communication tasks because of performative bias. (4 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Another view of progress in validity generalization: Reply to Schmidt, Hunter, and Pearlman.

Refutes the F. L. Schmidt et al (see record 1983-07150-001) argument that the present authors' (see record 1981-27033-001) work on validity generalization models contained erroneous conclusions. Modifications to past practices in computing and reporting variance estimates are recommended. (3 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)