木瓜果醋发酵工艺的研究

研究以酿造木瓜果酒为原料,接种AS1.41醋酸菌,酿造木瓜果醋的工艺条件.试验结果表明,其最佳工艺条件为初始酒度6%vol,初始pH为4,AS1.41醋酸菌活化液的接种量为17.5%,发酵温度为31℃,装液量为20%,转为200r/min.发酵4d后所得木瓜果醋的醋酸含量为(6.557±0.06)g/100mL.     

冬枣果酒酿造工艺的研究

对冬枣果酒酿造工艺进行研究,探讨果胶酶添加量、酵母菌种、发酵温度、发酵液初始pH值、发酵时间对冬枣果酒品质的影响.结果表明:添加果胶酶0.08%,50 ℃下酶解3 h 时,可使冬枣汁的澄清度达到最佳值,透光率达到95%.将枣汁发酵液初始pH调为4.0,接种0.5%葡萄酒酵母,25 ℃恒温发酵6 d,酒精度可达到10.31%(V∶V),含糖量3.65 g/L.在此工艺下酿造的果酒保持了冬枣原有淡绿色泽,具有独特香味.     

百香果甘蔗复合果酒的发酵工艺研究

以百香果和甘蔗为原料进行复合果酒酿造工艺研究.在单因素试验考察的基础上,通过正交试验优化了复合果酒的发酵工艺.实验结果表明,在百香果甘蔗汁体积比为 1:2、初始糖度为22％、初始pH值为4.0、酵母接种量为0.03％、发酵温度为26℃的条件下,可酿造出一种新型的百香果甘蔗复合果酒.成品果酒具有典型的百香果和甘蔗风味,酒...     

一种橄榄果酒的发酵工艺研究

以新鲜橄榄为原料,榨汁后采用果酒酿造工艺进行发酵,获得具有橄榄独特风味的橄榄酒。考察了酵母接种量、初始糖度、初始pH值、发酵温度、SO2添加量对橄榄酒感官评价的影度21℃,酵母接种量7%,SO2添加量70 mg/L,初始pH值3.7,初始糖度18°Bx。     

贡柑果酒酿造工艺的研究

以贡柑为原料,经打浆、酶解和脱苦等预处理,对贡柑果酒酿造的工艺参数等进行研究;以初始pH值、接种量、SO2添加量和发酵温度为因素,做4因素3水平的正交试验.结果表明,贡柑果汁经0.6％β-环糊精处理80min,酵母接种量为0.06％,二氧化硫添加量为90mg/L,初始pH值为4.5,发酵温度为33℃,发酵周期为7d,可得到浅黄色、澄清透明、风味好、营养丰富的贡柑果酒.     

新疆精河枸杞果酒发酵工艺的研究

该文以新疆精河新鲜枸杞为原料,通过初始糖量、发酵温度、发酵时间、发酵接种量、pH值等单因素对枸杞果酒发酵工艺的影响,结合响应面分析法研究初始糖量、发酵温度、接种量对枸杞果酒品质的影响,得出枸杞果酒品质与影响因素间的回归模型,根据模型进行工艺参数优化,结果表明,发酵最优条件为:初始糖量为18％,发酵温度28℃,发酵时间7d,pH值为4.5,果酒酵母接种量6％.     

发酵南瓜酒酿造工艺

以南瓜为原料的发酵酒酿造工艺.通过单因素试验考察不同的酵母接种量、初始糖度、初始pH值、主发酵温度对发酵南瓜酒酒精含量的影响,再以酒精度、总糖度、澄清度、色泽、滋气味等因素的综合评分为依据,通过正交试验对酿造工艺进行优化,结果表明:在酵母接种量6%,初始糖度22%,初始pH值3.5,发酵温度21℃工艺条件下.所得发酵南瓜酒品质较佳.     

木瓜荞麦果酒制备工艺与品质分析

为改良传统木瓜果酒酿造工艺,提升木瓜果酒的品质,利用光皮木瓜酶解液和荞麦糖化液为混合原料,以酒精度、总黄酮含量以及感官评价为评价指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化木瓜荞麦果酒酿造工艺条件。结果表明,木瓜荞麦果酒的最佳酿造工艺条件为初始糖度24 °Bx、酵母接种量0.5%、发酵温度22 ℃、木瓜酶解液:荞麦糖化液质量比为1∶2、主发酵时间14 d。在此优化条件下,木瓜荞麦果酒液的酒精度为17.8%vol、总黄酮含量为0.54 mg/mL、总酸含量为3.78 g/L、总糖含量为24.31 g/L、还原糖含量为4.32 g/L,酒体色泽金黄、澄清透亮、香醇净爽,符合果酒品质要求。     

紫薯醋酿造工艺优化

研究了紫薯醋酿造工艺中酒化阶段pH、温度、酵母菌添加量和醋化阶段pH、初始酒度、醋酸菌接种量对酒精度和总酸的影响。在单因素试验基础上利用响应面法对工艺条件进行优化,结果表明:酒化阶段最佳工艺条件为pH值6,温度29℃,酵母菌添加量0.2%;醋化阶段最佳工艺条件为pH值5,初始酒度8%,醋酸菌接种量8%。     

五味子果酒酿造工艺研究

以五味子烘干果实为原料,研究了酵母接种量、初始糖度、发酵温度、SO2添加量、初始pH对五味子果酒酿造工艺的影响.并以感官评定分数为标准设计进行了优化实验.结果表明其发酵的最佳条件为:接种量为0.6％,初始糖度为20％,发酵温度为27℃,SO2添加量为40mg/L.     

蛋白质水解度测定方法综述

对目前国内外常用的蛋白质水解度测定方法进行了综述，其中pH—state方法是通过滴定水解过程中释放的质子测定DH；OPA、TNBS及国内常用的水合茚三酮和甲醛等测定方法是利用游离氨基的反应测定DH。     

SEROLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF ORIGIN OF SAUSAGE MEATS

SUMMARY: A partially purified immunoglobulin G (lgG) solution prepared from the serum of species to be tested was heated to the specifications for sausages. The resulting supernatant fluid was decanted and the precipitate washed with saline and used to immunize rabbits. The supernatant fluid was used to sensitize tanned sheep red blood cells. The immune serum was rendered monospecific by absorptions with heterologous, heated lgG precipitates. A sample of monospecific immune serum was absorbed with a washed homogenate of sausage. Aliquots of the monospecific immune serum, both untreated and sausage absorbed, were tested with cells sensitized with the homologous heated lgG supematant fluid. A significant reduction of titer by sausage absorption indicated that the sausages contained the meat homologous to the immune serum.     

BASIS OF STABILITY OF AMINE SALTS OF LINOLEIC ACID

SUMMARY— The mechanism and generality of the known stabilization against autoxidation conferred on linoleic acid by certain basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, was investigated. Basic amino acids were the only class of compounds found to confer the effect. However, the smallest basic amino acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, was not effective, nor was αβω-diaminc acid, 3,6-diaminohexanoic acid, although a simple isomer of lysine. The stabilization was observed only in the solid phase. Inclusion of sodium chloride in the solid matrix was deleterious to the effect. A large number of physical and chemical observations were made and correlated but it has not been possible to draw detailed conclusions about the mechanism of stabilization, nor can a detailed structure of the stabilized complex be suggested. The cause of the phenomenon appears to be closely associated with the physical arrangement of the ions in the crystal lattice.     

聚多元羧酸盐的合成及应用

研究了聚多元羧酸盐的合成方法及反应机理,将其应用于洗涤剂和PVC制品中分别代替三聚磷酸钠和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,证明有良好效果。     

百年风尚

一场流光溢彩、赏心悦目的展览,一段百年风尚演进的传奇旅程,一次东西方文化艺术的完美对话。2013年9月13日,“博萃臻艺一中西方珍宝艺术展”在辽宁省博物馆举行了隆重的开幕仪式,法兰西共和国驻华大使白林女士、辽宁省文物局局长丁辉先生、辽宁省博物馆馆长马宝杰先生、卡地亚全球总裁兼首席执行官邓阁仕先生、卡地亚区域行政总裁（北亚洲）陆慧全先生、卡地亚中国区首席执行官陆意斯先生、辽宁省文物店总经理张春鹰先生,以及众多文化界与文博界的贵宾齐聚一堂,共同见证了这场文化艺术盛事。     

STABILITY OF AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS

Hop oil emulsions prepared from different varieties of hops have been found to exhibit enhanced physical stability on the addition of blends of the emulsifiers Span 20/Tween 80 or Span 60/Tween 60. Examination of the particle size and volume distributions of an emulsion by use of a Coulter Counter was found to be an excellent method of monitoring its stability. An indication as to the relative efficiency of emulsifiers can be obtained from Coulter Counter measurements on hop oil emulsions after storage for 4 days. The use of an ultracentrifuge provies a rapid means of testing emulsion stability and hence the effectiveness of emulsion stabilizers.     

DEVELOPMENT OF CHAINS OF CELLS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DURING FERMENTATION

The lengths of chains of cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied during fermentation. Pitching yeast generally contained about half of the total number of cells as two-celled chains. The chain lengths varied during the subsequent fermentation and the variations were characteristic of the strain. Electronic counting assessments of chain length were unreliable.     

ANALYTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRODUCTS OF NONENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION OF LYSOZYME

The quantitative analysis of the reaction products of the water activity dependent nonenzymatic glycosylation of lysozyme was not straightforward. Difficulties arose in the determination of the number of bound glucose molecules because glycosylation leads to glucose mediated protein aggregation, and the likely presence of a mixture of relatively labile Schiff-base intermediates, and the more stable ketoamine products generated by Amadori rearrangement. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to monitor protein aggregation; periodate oxidation, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and oxalic acid hydrolysis combined with HPLC, emerged as the most promising methods to quantitate the degree of glycosylation. Possible interpretations are advanced to explain the apparent discrepancies in degree of glycosylation suggested by the different analytical methods evaluated.     

EFFECTS OF TYPES OF FAT AND OF RATES AND TEMPERATURES OF COMMINUTION ON DISPERSION OF LIPIDS IN FRANKFURTERS

ABSTRACT— The effect of time, temperature and rpm of comminution of emulsions was determined on the dispersion of approximately 25% of beef fat, pork fat or cottonseed oil in frankfurters. The numbers of lipid particles 5 μ or less in diameter increased in frankfurters containing either beef or pork fat as comminution was continued to higher temperatures, with pork fat dispersed more thoroughly. Fat tended to separate from frankfurters containing beef fat in particles 200 μ or more in diameter. In contrast, no specific degree of dispersion of particles 5 μ or less in diameter consistently indicated emulsion stability, or its lack. Increased rpm during comminution produced an increased dispersion of beef or pork fat. Under the same conditions pork fat was dispersed more finely than beef fat. Dispersion of cottonseed oil produced finely dispersed particles beyond the resolution of light microscopy, as was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed a substantial number of particles to be less than 1 μ in diameter.     

矩阵乘积的行式,列式

给出了ｍ×ｍ矩阵与ｍ×ｎ矩阵的行（列）式的表达式．若Ａ＝ａ１１ａ１２…ａ１ｍａ２１ａ２２…ａ２ｍ……ａｍ１ａｍ２…ａｍｍＢ＝ｂ１１ｂ１２…ｂ１ｎｂ２１ｂ２２…ｂ２ｎ……ｂｍ１ｂｍ２…ｂｍｎ分别是ｍ×ｍ，ｍ×ｎ矩阵，则｜Ａ｜｜Ｂ｜＝｜ＡＢ｜＋∑ｉ１＜ｉ２＜…＜ｉｔｊ１＜ｊ２＜…＜ｊｔ１≤ｔ≤ｍｎ－ｔ≥ｍＮＢｉ１ｉ２…ｉｔｊ１ｊ２…ｊｔＮＡＢ１…ｍ（－１）ｓｔ＋１ｊｔ＋１…（－１）ｓｎｊｎ其中ｉ１，ｉ２，…，ｉｔ是１，２，…，ｍ中ｔ个数码；ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｔ＋１，…，ｊｎ是１，２，…，ｎ的一个排列；ｓｒ＝π（ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ）（ｒ＝１，２，…，ｎ）是排列ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ的反序数．