印尼特细油砂的基本性质和加工路线研究

印尼特细油砂是一种原产于印度尼西亚的稠油资源,常见有黄色和黑色两种。通过甲苯溶剂抽提法和减压蒸馏法可得到油砂沥青和细砂粒,得到的油砂沥青和砂粒用于油砂基本性质的测定。并简单探讨了该油砂适宜的加工路线。印尼油砂具有含油率高,含硫量高的特点,并且适合采用热解法进行后续加工成轻质油。     

华谊集团拟在印尼建大型天然气制乙醇装置

正据悉,上海华谊(集团)公司计划投资25亿美元在印度尼西亚西巴布亚宾图尼海湾工业区(Kawasan Industri Teluk Bintuni)兴建石油化工厂。该工厂将利用当地丰富的天然气资源合成乙醇,供应国内和出口市场。预期该项工程能减少印尼每年超过220兆盾的石油化工产品进口。印尼工业部化学、纺织和综合工业总司司长阿赫玛德·西吉特·     

海外传真

<正>印尼陶瓷市场需求暴增印尼作为亚洲人口大国,经历了数十年的政治动乱,如今印尼局势已经基本上得到控制,并且在短期内有望取得实质性的进展。为此印尼开始加大了经济建设力度,由于印尼市场对于建材的需求量巨大,引发了印尼卫生陶瓷市场取得飞速发展,市场需求量连续多月出现暴增的情况,这种趋势从     

低阶褐煤制作冶金焦的可行性研究

印尼褐煤具有灰分、硫分低,水分、挥发分、热值高的特点。将印尼褐煤通过一定加工工艺制成冶金焦,可以大幅度提高印尼褐煤的能级利用水平。文章通过煤质分析及针对印尼褐煤制作冶金焦的工艺参数的实验,对印尼褐煤制作冶金焦的可行性进行了深入研究。结果表明,褐煤半焦挥发分残留率、灰分、硫分表现出一定的相关性。通过一定的工艺控制,印尼褐煤可以制作出指标合格的冶金焦。     

中国五环新签印尼20万t/a磷酸及副产品项目EPC总承包合同

2011年7月20日,中国五环工程有限公司与印尼PJA公司在印尼首都雅加达签订了20万t/a磷酸及副产品项目EPC总承包合同。该项目合同的签订,为中国五环工程有限公司发挥磷肥化肥、煤化工等领域的技术优势,进一步拓展印尼市场奠定良好的基础。印尼当地媒体对20万t/a磷酸及副产品项目EPC总承包合同的签定非常关注,印尼发行...     

韩国轮胎企业将在印尼投资12亿美元

<正>据印尼《罗盘报》报道,印尼国家投资协调委员会主席吉达在首尔透露,韩国一家轮胎生产企业将在印尼投资12亿美元(约93亿人民币)。9月27日,由印尼工业部和国家投资协调委员会官员组成的代表团访问了韩国,这一消息是该代表团与韩国投资者在首尔会     

印尼陶瓷卫浴有“钱”景

在经过了长达数年的政治危机之后，印尼动荡的政局有望结束，随着这个亚洲人口大国经济的复苏以及经济建设的抬头，印尼建材市场的需求剧增，特别是印尼陶瓷卫浴市场需求量从2013年年底起开始出现暴增趋势，但由于市场供给严重不足，加上印尼国内只有300条生产线，因此难以满足消费者和用户的需求。     

印尼天然胶今年将减10%

据悉印尼天然橡胶协会最近预测，由于美国、日本和一些消费国因经济发展减速而减少对天然橡胶的需求，加上印尼一些地区的天然橡胶种植园改种其他作物，预计今年印尼的天然橡胶产量将比去年减少１０％。印尼天然橡胶企业协会还预测，今年印尼的天然橡胶出口数量可能减少到１３０万吨。印尼去年天然橡胶的出口量为１３９万吨。印尼天然胶今年将减10%@翟文     

印尼橡胶产量将下降5%

印尼橡胶协会称 ,2 0 0 0年印尼橡胶产量可能从去年的 1 55万吨减少到 1 47万吨。由于上年度橡胶价格低迷 ,印尼某些地区的农民转而种植更易获利的作物 ,如棕榈树。此外 ,其他一些地区连降大雨造成了橡胶减产。印尼是世界第二大产胶国 ,其橡胶产量的 75%～ 80 %进入了美国市场。由于美国市场需求旺盛 ,2 0 0 0年该国出口量可能仍会维持在 1 40万吨。南、北苏门答腊省和加里曼丹岛是印尼主要的产胶区。印尼橡胶产量将下降5%@李建忠     

深化中国与印尼合作 共绘“美丽经济”新画卷——《中国化妆品》杂志独家专访印度尼西亚驻华大使周浩黎

<正>近年来,中国与印尼经贸往来愈加紧密,据中国海关统计,2022年双边贸易额达到了1490.9亿美元,同比增长19.8%,且中国已经连续10年成为印尼最大的贸易伙伴。印度尼西亚是东盟人口最多、经济总量最大的经济体,也是“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的首倡之地。近年来,中国与印尼经贸往来愈加紧密,据中国海关统计,2022年双边贸易额达到了1490.9亿美元,同比增长19.8%,且中国已经连续10年成为印尼最大的贸易伙伴。据印尼投资部统计,2022年,中国企业对印尼直接投资达82.3亿美元,同比增长160%,位列印尼第二大外资来源国。     

两种印尼煤的成浆性能研究

考查了两种印尼煤在不同添加剂及不同剂量条件下的水煤浆成浆性能,并与同一实验条件下的神府煤进行了对照。结果表明,印尼煤的成浆性较差,制成的煤浆浓度相对神府煤较低。在五种不同添加剂、三种不同添加用量下,其浓度都低于57%。同种添加剂随着添加剂用量的增加,煤浆浓度也随之提高。     

高挥发分气煤变质研究及应用

针对高挥发分印尼煤的煤质特性，研究了其煤质在不同环境下的氧化变质规律，得出了该印尼煤的合理使用期限，提出抑制变质的措施并应用于实际生产中，为扩展炼焦煤资源进行了有益的探索与实践。     

日本神户制钢的褐煤提质技术

概述了日本神户制钢的褐煤提质技术研发背景,介绍了神户制钢的褐煤提质工艺(UBC)工艺流程和工艺特点,详细介绍了位于印尼的UBC中试厂(3t/d)和示范厂(600t/d)的生产运行情况,展望了提质褐煤的利用前景。     

Radiological safety aspects of utilizing coal ashes for production of lightweight concrete

The present paper reports the results of experiments to develop environmentally and economically friendly structural lightweight concretes utilizing coal ashes and other waste materials. The product complies with national and international regulations setting limits on the activity concentration of natural radioisotopes in building products. The utilization of coal ashes in the building industry carries (in addition to its economic advantages) a fringe environmental benefit. This utilization reduces the potential damage to the environment caused by the radioactivity in the combustion by-products (the ashes) stored in piles and ponds near the power stations prior to their disposal. The study deals with the radiological characteristics of coal ashes and lightweight concretes based on these ashes. The ashes are generated at Israel’s power stations from coal supplied from different sources in South Africa, Columbia and Indonesia.     

Energy-efficient coal dewatering using liquefied dimethyl ether

In this study, we dewatered sub-bituminous coal mined in Warra, Indonesia, by using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME); no heating was required in this dewatering process. We achieved this dewatering both in a laboratory-scale experiment and using previously developed bench-scale equipment. We also examined the properties of the coal before and after dewatering and measured the amount of energy required by the equipment. We found that the maximum water extraction efficiency of liquefied DME was 98.3%. Further, the properties of the coal did not change after the dewatering treatment. The wastewater obtained by dewatering can be treated by existing wastewater treatment technologies. The energy consumed by the bench-scale equipment was 2069 kJ/kg-water; thus, this dewatering process using liquefied DME was confirmed to be effective and energy efficient.     

Unexpected enrichment of nitrogen during the diagenetic evolution of sedimentary organic matter

This study examines the behaviour of nitrogen during coalification in two coal series: the sedimentologically homogeneous coal series of the Mahakam delta, Indonesia and a reference coal series composed of samplesfrom several sources. The variations in the total nitrogen contents, in hydrolysable nitrogen, and in the natural isotopic abundance of ¹⁵N are reported. The behaviour of nitrogen during coalification presents three main stages: 1. a first stage where microbial and/or chemical degradations produce a loss of nitrogen; 2. a second stage of preservation, where organic nitrogen does not take part in the reactions involved and consequently remains unchanged in the residual organic matter; and 3. a third stage of thermal alteration, where nitrogen is mainly released with methane.     

Highly active limonite catalysts for direct coal liquefaction

The properties of limonite in Australia and Indonesia were examined by using X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and TEM–EDX in relation to the catalytic activities in the liquefaction of low-rank coals. The molar ratio of H₂O/Fe in limonite was determined from the weight loss resulting from the dehydration reaction of FeOOH to Fe₂O₃ during heating from 120 to 400 °C in TGA. The H₂O/Fe molar ratio varied from 0.06 for hematite to 0.60 for limonite YY, depending on the hematite content. Results from the pulverization tests showed that the higher value of H₂O/Fe molar ratio resulted in lesser abrasion of medium balls. A unique limonite YY in Australia, containing no hematite, was easily pulverized to sub-micron particle size and showed an excellent oil yield in coal liquefaction. It appeared that H₂O/Fe molar ratio could be one of the most important factors to select the better limonite catalyst for coal liquefaction. Moreover, it was found that Ni containing limonite SO in Indonesia exhibited a higher liquefaction activity than YY catalyst, because of transformation into a smaller crystallite size of pyrrhotite (Fe_1−xS). The agglomeration of pyrrhotites may be suppressed by a strong interaction between FeOOH and Al(OH)₃ such as Fe–O–Al. TEM–EDX analysis suggests that Ni may be located near the Fe_1−xS structure. Oil yield was significantly increased from 43 to 62 wt% daf by CLB addition to the coal slurry in the liquefaction of Banko coal. Finely pulverized limonite catalyst (SO) can be advantageously used in a commercial plant for coal liquefaction in Indonesia due to the low catalyst cost and a high liquefaction activity to obtain a high oil yield.     

Ignition temperature of coal. 1. Influence of the coal’s composition,structure, and properties

The reactions of coal with the materials used in determining the ignition temperature of unoxidized coal according to Ukrainian State Standard DSTU 7611:2014 are analyzed. First, the ignition temperature of various types of coal from Ukraine, Russia, Canada, Australia, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Indonesia is determined. The influence of the composition, structure, and properties of the coal on its ignition temperature is assessed. The ignition temperature of the unoxidized coal is found to be closely related to the content of organic carbon C^daf and aromatic carbon C_ar, the structural parameter δ characterizing the degree of saturation of the coal’s organic mass, and also the vitrinite reflection coefficient R_o and the yield of volatiles V^daf.     

Evidence of free but trapped hydrocarbons in coals

Pyrolysis experiments in a confined system (in sealed gold tubes under pressure) were performed on a lignite. The temperature range was 250–550 °C, under isothermal conditions (24 h). Solid and chloroform-extractable products of heat treatments were examined by various analytical techniques (e.g. thermovaporization, infrared spectrometry, pyrochromatography, liquid chromatography). A reference coal series was submitted to parallel analytical investigations. All samples came from the Mahakam Delta, Indonesia. Comparison between natural and artificial series leads to the conclusion that natural coals are able to retain appreciable quantities of free but trapped hydrocarbons, whereas artificially derived solid residues are not.     

Slagging and fouling characteristics of seam 32/33, Panian coalfield, Semirara Island, Philippines

Twenty samples of seam 32/33, the main seam of Panian coalfield in Semirara Island, Antique Province, Philippines, were collected from a borehole drilled at the northeastern edge of the coalfield. The samples were analyzed to characterize the coal geochemistry of the seam and understand why the coals of Semirara Island exhibit a high tendency for slagging and fouling despite its low average ash content. Analysis of the slagging and fouling characteristics of this seam is important because it supplies five electric power utilities and several cement plants in the Philippines. Proximate analyses and vitrinite reflectance measurements designate the rank of the seam as sub-bituminous C, based on ASTM coal classification. H/C versus O/C ratios indicate that the seam is made up largely of huminite, denoting early stages of coalification. Chemical analysis of the ash reveals high contents of Na, Mg, Fe, Ca, Ba and Sr. The strongly negative correlation of these elements with the ash content indicates an organic affinity of the chemical elements of the seam. Owing to enrichment in alkali and alkali-earth elements, slagging and fouling indices indicate that the seam has medium to high propensity for slagging and a severe tendency for fouling. The detrimental characteristics of coal feedstock from Panian mine is mitigated by modifications to the boiler design and operational conditions and by blending with coals imported from Indonesia, China and Australia.