高集成度四视场中波红外光学系统

为了实现超小型化、长焦距和超大视场,提出并设计了一种高集成度四视场中波红外光学系统。该系统采用双光路结构形式,包括超小视场光路和小/中/大视场光路,两支光路共用中继组;对超小视场光路进行了四次立体折叠,并对小/中/大视场光路进行了二次折叠。通过以上六次折叠,整个双光路光学系统的外形尺寸得到了有效约束,其外形包络在242 mm×150 mm×85 mm (局部125 mm)范围内,系统集成度高。这种双光路光学系统包括超小视场、小视场、中视场和大视场四个视场。其中,超小视场的焦距为688 mm,视场为0.8°;大视场的焦距为13.19 mm,视场为40°,实现了长焦距和超大视场并存,并获得了50×的变倍比;超小视场光学系统仅采用5片透镜,透过率高,并具有光学被动消热差设计;整个双光路光学系统结构紧凑,体积小,实现了超小型化。设计结果表明,该光学系统像质良好,可以满足高性能热像仪的使用要求。     

Chip-to-Chip Optical Link System Using an Optical Wiring Method

A practical optical link system was prepared with a transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx). The optical TRx module consisted of a metal optical bench, a module printed circuit board, a driver/receiver integrated circuit, a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser/photodiode array, and an optical link block composed of plastic optical fiber (POF). For the optical interconnection between the light-sources and detectors, an optical wiring method has been proposed to enable easy assembly. The optical wiring link was constructed with POFs mounted on a v-grooved polymethylmethacrylate bench. The data transfer measurements were presented successfully.     

基于光二分路器的多路分光比的设计

提出一种设计多路分光器分光比的新方法--分解组合法.将多路分光器视为光二分路器的各种组合,分解后,引入等效光纤长度的新概念,将分光损耗对等折算为一定长度的光纤损耗,再利用光二分路器分光比的简便设计方法,巧妙地设计出多路分光器的各路分光比.     

Optical clock-pulse-train generator for processing preamble-free asynchronous optical packets

An optical clock-pulse-train generator (OCPTG) for processing asynchronous arbitrary-length optical packets with no preamble is developed. The OCPTG consists of a fiber-loop-based optical pulse-train generator (PTG) and an optical clock-pulse generator that, for every input asynchronous optical packet, generates a single, synchronized optical pulse which is fed to the PTG. Generation of an optical clock-pulse-train with stable pulse energy, precise repetition rate, and duration matching the input packet is achieved for variable-length optical packets. The OCPTG and an all-optical demultiplexer combined demonstrate error-free demultiplexing of a 10-Gb/s asynchronous optical packet stream.     

Mechanically Flexible Chip-to-Substrate Optical Interconnections Using Optical Pillars

We experimentally characterize the benefits of using surface-normal mechanically flexible optical waveguides, or optical pillars, for chip-to-substrate optical interconnection. In order to benchmark the performance of the optical pillars, the optical coupling efficiency from a light source to an optical aperture with and without an optical pillar is measured. For a light source with 12deg beam divergence, a 50times150 mum optical pillar improves the coupling efficiency by 2-4 dB compared to pillar-free (free-space) optical coupling. A 30times150 m optical pillar improves the coupling efficiency by 3-4.5 dB. This demonstrates the importance of using optical pillars when small photodetectors (PDs) and dense optical input/outputs (I/Os) are needed. The optical excess losses of 50times150 mum optical pillars are measured to be less than 0.2 dB. Due to the high mechanical flexibility of the pillars, we also demonstrate that optical pillars enhance the optical coupling efficiency between the chip and substrate when they are misaligned in the lateral direction. This is especially important since the coefficient of thermal expansion of the chip and substrate are often mismatched, and preserving optical alignment and interconnection between them is critical during thermal excursions. The lateral mechanical compliance of the optical pillars is also measured and can be as great as 30 mum/mN. The optical pillars are also shown to be compliant under a compressive force thus allowing the optical I/Os to be assembled on nonplanar surfaces such as low-cost organic substrates.     

光通信网新技术

新技术的开发和使用使得光网络层具有了许多原先只能在高层实现的网络功能,并使原先单纯为了增加传输容量的ＷＤＭ层具有了真正的光联网功能。以光标记交换技术、交突发分组交换技术、无纤光通信系统以及全新的光互联网技术为代表构成了今天的光通信网研究热点并了世界各国科研院所和著名通信公司的广泛关注。     

空间光学遥感器的光学元件组件的频率设计

空间光学遥感器的光学元件的光学参数通常是根据设计经验来选定的.建立了空间光学遥感器的全阻尼动态分析模型,得到了光学元件动态响应的表达式.从工程的实际条件出发,当阻尼比为0.03、质量比为0.2时,通过MATLAB编程对光学元件的动态响应进行了数值分析.结果表明,为了尽可能地降低光学元件的动态响应,应该选择合理的动态频率,而不是一味地提高光学元件组件的动态频率.     

光栅多通道光学双稳性系统的理论分析

本文提出了一种由两个平行放置的正弦位相光栅构成的混合型多通道光学双稳性系统。理论上推导出了描述此系统的调制性和双稳性的数学模型。基于此模型,对不同参数情况下,此系统的调制性和双稳性进行了数字模拟。最后,对数字模拟结果进行了分析和总结.此系统有可能应用于光通信和光信息处理等领域。     

光纤无源器件的技术概况和发展趋势

光纤无源器件是光纤通信中的重要器件，也是新型的电子元件。它包括光纤（缆）连接器、光纤耦合器、波分复用器、光开关、光衰减器等。本文介绍了这些器件的技术概况和发展趋势。     

Optical functional device by vertical and direct integration ofheterojunction phototransistor and laser diode

An optical device with various functions is actualized by integrating vertically and directly heterojunction phototransistors and a laser diode and by adjusting the internal optical feedback. The optical amplification with a good linearity between input and output lights is realized by suppressing the internal optical feedback. The large gain of over 100 is achieved in the wide wavelength range from 0.75 to 1.25 μm. The optical thresholding function is achieved by changing the load line in the case of the optical amplification. The optical switching function with large gain and high sensitivity is obtained by utilizing the internal optical feedback most effectively. The optical bistable function is obtained when the amount of the optical feedback becomes moderate. The optical feedback inside the device is theoretically investigated to explain these functions systematically     

Network architecture for optical path transport networks

This paper proposes a new layered transport network architecture on which the WDM optical path network can be effectively created. The optical path network will play a key role in the development of the transport network that will realize the bandwidth-abundant B-ISDN. This paper extends the layered transport network architecture described in ITU-T Recommendation G.803 which is applied in existing SDH networks. First, we elucidate an application example of WDM optical path networks. Next, we propose a new layered architecture for WDM-based transport networks that retains maximum commonality with the layered architectures developed for existing B-ISDN networks. The proposed architecture is composed of circuit layer networks, electrical path layer networks, optical layer networks, and physical media (fiber) networks. The optical layer is divided into an optical path layer and an optical section layer. The optical path layer accommodates electrical paths. Optical section layer networks are divided into optical multiplex section (OMS) layer networks and optical repeater section (ORS) layer networks. The OMS layer network is concerned with the end-to-end transfer of information between locations transferring or terminating optical paths, whereas the ORS layer is concerned with the transfer of information between individual optical repeaters. Finally, a detailed functional block model of WDM optical path networks, the function allocation of each layer, and an optical transport module (OTM) are developed     

临近空间超声速航空遥感器光学窗口热光学评价

为提高航空遥感器光学窗口的光学性能,对处于临近空间超声速飞行状态下熔石英材料的光学窗口进行了热光学评价。分析了光学窗口所处的飞行环境,根据空气动力学原理,计算了平均对流换热系数与马赫数的关系。根据热流密度,模拟了光学窗口温度场分布;计算了内外表面温差所引起的光程差;并分析了光学窗口热变形对航空遥感器光学系统传递函数的影响。分析结果表明:由热变形带来的光学窗口光程差PV=130.5 nm,满足光学设计要求(PV1/4)。此研究结果可为光学窗口系统设计提供必要依据。     

智能光网络中的自感知技术

现有的光网络虽然已经能够提供充足的传输容量,但其智能性仍然处于非常初级的阶段,远远不能满足具有随机性和突发性IP业务对承载网络的需求。光网络的自感知技术是实现真正意义上的智能化自组织光网络的首要条件。自组织光网络作为各种业务的承载网络,不仅需要实时监测和动态感知光链路物理参数、光信号质量、光网络拓扑及链路负载等光网络自身特性,还需要感知所承载业务的属性及其对光网络的传送需求（延时、抖动、丢包率等）,为实现动态高效灵活的。即插即用”自组织光网络提供充足的信息。     

High Extinction Ratio Mach–Zehnder Modulator Applied to a Highly Stable Optical Signal Generator

Research into optical modulators has made remarkable progress in recent years. This paper discusses the possibility of applying the high extinction ratio optical modulator to a high-stability and high-frequency (over 100 GHz) optical reference signal generator. High-frequency reference signals are generated by a highly stable optical two-tone generator, which is used for high-rate communication and astronomical application. One method to generate two optical signals is producing them from a pair of laser sources using an optical phase-locked loop for feed back control; however, the optical phase-locked loop has a stability problem in its operation. A good alternative method to the optical phase-locked scheme is the LiNbO³ Mach-Zehnder (MZ) optical intensity modulator, which is capable of generating two highly stable optical signals (upper sideband and lower sideband components) by applying a sinusoidal microwave signal to an input laser signal. The two optical signals require phase stability better than 10^-13 in the Allan standard deviation, vibration robustness, and polarization maintaining capability. The signal coherence loss estimated from the phase stability of the two optical signals generated by the MZ modulator shows that the optical MZ modulator has the ability to generate highly stable optical signals.     

Optical packet switching and buffering by using all-optical signal processing methods

We present a 1 /spl times/ 2 all-optical packet switch. All the processing of the header information is carried out in the optical domain. The optical headers are recognized by employing the two-pulse correlation principle in a semiconductor laser amplifier in loop optical mirror (SLALOM) configuration. The processed header information is stored in an optical flip-flop memory that is based on a symmetric configuration of two coupled lasers. The optical flip-flop memory drives a wavelength routing switch that is based on cross-gain modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier. We also present an alternative optical packet routing concept that can be used for all-optical buffering of data packets. In this case, an optical threshold function that is based on a asymmetric configuration of two coupled lasers is used to drive a wavelength routing switch. Experimental results are presented for both the 1 /spl times/ 2 optical packet switch and the optical buffer switch.     

光因特网中的关键光器件技术研究

对光因特网中的关键光器件技术进行了探讨与研究。下一代光通信网络的发展,关键在于其光器件技术的突破上,要克服光网络节点处理的速率瓶颈、实现全光联网、高效传送和交换IP业务,就必须积极研究开发新的光器件。在光开关技术、光纤放大器技术、波长变换器技术以及其它关键光器件技术上有所突破,是建设光因特网的关键所在。     

采用角度分集接收技术的光学天线设计

为了克服可见光通信系统中码间干扰的影响,利用角度分集接收技术,提出了在半球体上分布多个朝向不同的光锥作为光学接收天线新方法。应用Zemax光学设计软件,结合Matlab工具和Origin软件的数据处理分析,通过仿真单个光锥在不同半顶角取值时小端面上的光强值随光线入射角的变化量,拟合得到了相应的函数表达式和曲线图;并在光锥集光器分布夹角的数值分析基础上,根据同一个光信号在相邻两个光锥小端面上的光强关系,确定了光锥两两之间的夹角,给出了具体的布局设计方案;最后讨论了整个半球系统上总光强的接收情况。     

光纤CATV传输系统的结构和应用

光纤CATV传输系统包括光发射机、光接收机、光纤和必要的光通路器件（如光分路器、光纤连接器）等。该系统采用光纤／同轴电缆混合网（HFC）结构，是一种宽带、低成本的实现方式。结合实际开发工作，简要介绍了光发射机、光接收机及相关器件的工作原理。     

Efficient reversible NOR gates and their mapping in optical computing domain

Reversible logic is a computing paradigm in which there is a one to one mapping between the input and the output vectors. Reversible logic gates are implemented in an optical domain as it provides high speed and low energy computations. In the existing literature there are two types of optical mapping of reversible logic gates: (i) based on a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) switch; (ii) based on linear optical quantum computation (LOQC) using linear optical quantum logic gates. In reversible computing, the NAND logic based reversible gates and design methodologies based on them are widely popular. The NOR logic based reversible gates and design methodologies based on them are still unexplored. In this work, we propose two NOR logic based n-input and n-output reversible gates one of which can be efficiently mapped in optical computing using the Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) while the other one can be mapped efficiently in optical computing using the linear optical quantum gates. The proposed reversible NOR gates work as a corresponding NOR counterpart of NAND logic based Toffoli gates. The proposed optical reversible NOR logic gates can implement the reversible boolean logic functions with a reduced number of linear optical quantum logic gates or reduced optical cost and propagation delay compared to their implementation using existing optical reversible NAND gates. It is illustrated that an optical reversible gate library having both optical Toffoli gate and the proposed optical reversible NOR gate is superior compared to the library containing only the optical Toffoli gate: (i) in terms of number of linear optical quantum gates when implemented using linear optical quantum computing (LOQC), (ii) in terms of optical cost and delay when implemented using the Mach–Zehnder interferometer.     

基于谐衍射的红外双波段共口径消热差光学系统设计

设计了一种基于谐衍射的红外双波段共口径消热差光学系统。此光学系统的工作波段为3~5¼m及8~12¼m,焦距为45 mm,F/#为2,双色探测器为320×256、30μm制冷型探测器。谐衍射光学元件改进了衍射光学元件在宽波段上的大色散问题,解决了衍射光学元件在宽波段上的色散严重和衍射效率低下的问题。该光学系统采用谐衍射光学元件消宽波段色差和宽温度范围热差,使中波红外和长波红外在不同衍射级衍射实现谐振共焦成像,使用较少光学元件,校正了双波段红外光学系统的像差和热差。基于谐衍射的红外双波段共口径消热差光学系统在改善像质、减小体积重量、宽波段消热差等方面表现出传统光学系统不可比拟的优势。随着双波段探测器和谐衍射透镜研发制造技术的进一步发展,双波段光学系统必将在目标跟踪、识别、精确打击等军工系统中得到广泛应用。