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秦山二期核电厂严重事故下安全壳内氢气浓度分布及风险初步分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用模块化严重事故计算工具,对秦山二期核电厂大破口失水事故(LB-LOCA)、小破口失水事故(LB-LOCA)和全厂断电(SBO)诱发的严重事故序列以及安全壳内的氢气浓度分布进行了计算分析.在此基础之上,参考美国联邦法规10CFR关于氢气控制和风险分析的标准,对安全壳的氢气燃烧风险进行了初步研究.分析结果表明:大破口严重事故导致的安全壳内的平均氢气浓度接近10%,具有一定的整体性氢气燃烧风险,小破口失水和全厂断电严重事故可能不会导致此类风险,但仍然存在局部氢气燃烧的可能. 相似文献
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在严重事故条件下,安全壳内的氢气燃烧或爆炸威胁安全壳完整性,必须采取措施减小或消除安全壳的氢气风险。针对600MWe级核电厂的大型干式安全壳,以小破口失水诱发的严重事故序列为基准事故,计算分析了氢气催化复合器(PAR)消除安全壳内氢气的效果,及复合效应对安全壳压力温度的影响。研究表明:氢气催化复合器能够持续稳定地消除安全壳内氢气,但对于极其快速的氢气释放,它的消氢能力受到一定限制。 相似文献
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本文采用集总参数法,在先进非能动压水堆核电厂严重事故一体化分析模型基础上,考虑先进压水堆非能动安全特性以及严重事故下采取熔融物堆内滞留(IVR)措施等特性对氢气风险的影响,开展了典型严重事故下安全壳内氢气风险分析。分别选取了冷段双端剪切断裂大破口、冷段大破口叠加IRWST重力注水有效以及ADS-4误启动三个典型大破口失水事故序列,对事故进程中的氧化温度、产氢速率以及产氢质量等特性进行了研究。选取产氢量最大的冷段大破口叠加IRWST重力注水有效事故序列,分析了氢气点火器系统的消氢效果。结果表明,堆芯再淹没过程产生大量氢气,采用点火器可有效去除安全壳内的氢气,从而降低氢气燃爆风险。 相似文献
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针对百万千瓦级压水堆核电厂大型干式安全壳在严重事故情况下的氢气风险控制,建立了一体化事故分析模型,分别对大破口失水事故(LB-LOCA)、中破口失水事故(MB-LOCA)、小破口失水事故(SB-LOCA)、全厂断电事故(SBO)、蒸汽发生器(SG)传热管破裂事故(SGTR)以及主蒸汽管道破裂事故(MSLB)进行事故进程计算以及氢气源项分析。相对于其他事故序列,LB-LOCA下堆芯快速熔化,锆-水反应产生氢气的速率快,可以作为安全壳内氢气风险控制有效性分析的代表性事故序列。分析表明,严重事故情况下在安全壳中安装一定数量的非能动氢气复合器(PARs)能够有效去除安全壳中的氢气,消除氢气燃烧或爆炸的风险,保持安全壳的完整性。 相似文献
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采用一体化严重事故分析工具,对600MWe压水堆核电厂严重事故下氢气风险及拟定的氢气控制系统进行分析。结果表明:相对于小破口失水始发事故和全厂断电始发事故工况,大破口失水始发严重事故堆芯快速熔化,在考虑100%锆 水反应产氢量的条件下,大破口失水始发事故氢气风险较大,有可能发生氢气快速燃烧;在氢气控制系统作用下,发生大破口失水始发严重事故时,安全壳内平均氢气浓度和隔间内氢气浓度低于10%,未达到氢气快速燃烧和爆炸的条件,满足美国联邦法规10CFR中关于氢气控制和风险分析的准则,认为该氢气控制系统是可行、有效的。 相似文献
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核电站严重事故下,氢气的燃烧风险是影响安全壳完整性的重要因素,而水蒸气的存在对氢气、空气混合气体的燃烧会产生重要的影响。本文采用CAST3M软件,对局部小空间内氢气的燃烧特性以及水蒸气的影响进行研究。首先对THAI装置的典型实验工况进行模拟,表明了相关燃烧模型的可用性。然后将高度为6 m、直径为2.2 m的圆柱空间作为燃烧域,对其分别计算了8%、10%、12%氢气浓度下的燃烧,并与添加25%水蒸气的相应工况进行了对比。通过对燃烧域的温度、压力以及火焰传播速度的分析,表明添加水蒸气后燃烧产生的最大压力下降,火焰的最大温度下降,火焰传播的速度下降。研究表明,水蒸气的存在对氢气的燃烧具有抑制作用,能有效降低氢气燃烧产生的后果。 相似文献
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This study was conducted as part of the construction of an integrated system to mechanistically evaluate flame acceleration characteristics in a containment of a nuclear power plant during a severe accident. In the integrated analysis system, multi-dimensional hydrogen distribution and combustion analysis codes are used to consider three-dimensional effects of the hydrogen behaviors. GASFLOW is used for the analysis of a hydrogen distribution in the containment. For the analysis of a hydrogen combustion in the containment, an open-source CFD (computational fluid dynamics) code OpenFOAM is chosen. Data of the hydrogen and steam distributions obtained from a GASFLOW analysis are transferred to the OpenFOAM combustion solver by a conversion and interpolation process between the solvers. The combustion solver imports the transferred data and initializes the containment atmosphere as an initial condition of a hydrogen combustion analysis. The turbulent combustion model used in this study was validated by evaluating the F22 test of the FLAME experiment. The coupled analysis method was applied for the analysis of a hydrogen combustion during a station blackout accident in an APR1400. In addition, the characteristics of the flame acceleration depending on a hydrogen release location are comparatively evaluated. 相似文献
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The behaviour of the potentially large quantity of hydrogen generated during a severe accident has been recognised as an issue of importance since the accident at Three Mile Island. In this article, we describe a severe accident analysis for the Neckarwestheim 2 1300 MWe PWR “Konvoi” plant, performed primarily to investigate the behaviour of hydrogen in the containment, and draw conclusions regarding the need for hydrogen control systems (igniters). The Modular Accident Analysis Program (MAAP) developed by IDCOR in the United States, and the Westinghouse COMPACT multi-compartment containment code were used. The study investigated the generation, release to containment, distribution within containment and potential combustion of hydrogen produced during two severe accident sequences. Results are summarized which show that hydrogen mixing in containment is generally good and that even without hydrogen control systems, hydrogen combustion, although possible, does not threaten containment integrity. 相似文献
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大型干式安全壳消氢系统的初步设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以岭澳核电站为分析对象,利用MELCOR和TONUS(CEA)程序进行分析计算,给出了初步的消氢系统设计方案,对不同核电站的消氢系统设计方案进行了对比和讨论.结果表明:安全壳内安装33个FR750型或者17个左右的FR1500型氢气复合器可以满足氢气控制要求. 相似文献
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An internal evaporator-only (IEO) concept has been developed as a semi-passive containment cooling system for a large dry concrete containment. The function of this system is to keep the containment integrity by maintaining the internal pressure not to exceed ultimate design pressure, i.e. 0.83 MPa (120 psia) in the absence of any other containment cooling following a severe accident, which postulates core damage and hydrogen combustion. The ability of the concept to protect the containment was evaluated for the design basis accident (DBA) large break loss of coolant accident (LB LOCA) and severe accident scenarios (LB LOCA without Emergency Core Cooling System (ECCS) and containment spray flow, 100% zirconium oxidation and complete hydrogen combustion). All were modeled using the GOTHIC computer code. It was concluded that a practical system requiring four IEO loops could be utilized to meet design criteria for severe accident scenarios. 相似文献
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