On the use of connection-oriented networks to support grid computing

The vision of grid computing is to enable an arbitrary set of general-purpose computers to be recruited dynamically and be interconnected through a general-purpose network for the parallel execution of complex programs. The scale and ubiquity of the Internet makes it the natural network of choice for grid computing. However, for some applications, rate- and delay-guaranteed communication services are needed. These needs are driving the exploration of connection-oriented (CO) optical networks as a candidate for grid computing. In this article, we consider the suitability of CO networks equipped with generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) control-plane protocols for grid computing. We identify two areas in which current GMPLS implementations need enhancements to better support the needs of grid computing. First, we note a need to improve call setup delays by several orders of magnitude. We describe our proof-of-concept prototype implementation of a hardware-accelerated RSVP-TE engine that cuts setup delays from hundreds of milliseconds (typical in current equipment) to the order of microseconds. Second, noting the availability of different types of CO networks, we present a case for enhancements to control "heterogeneous connections," that is, connections that traverse multiple types of CO networks. We describe a distributed signaling procedure for the setup of such connections.     

大样本库人脸识别的分级弹性匹配算法

提了了一种提高弹性匹配人脸识别算法速度的新算法。弹性匹配具有较高的识别率,但计算复杂度较高,影响了其在大样本库中的应用。为此提出分级弹性匹配;将弹性匹配的两个步骤（网格平移和网格变形）中的网格平移看作独立的匹配算法;对所有备选人脸图像先做网格平移计算出租匹配度（CMS）;根据CMS值将所有人脸图像降序排列,只对CMS值较高的部分图像做网格变形,以100180人的人脸图像库上的测试结果表明：相对于传统的弹性匹配,分级弹性匹配算法能在识别率的损失不大于0.5%的前提下,将网格变形的计算量降低1000倍或者更多。     

A joint communication and computing resource management scheme for pervasive grid networks

The last years have been characterized by an increasing interest in the grid and cloud computing that allow the implementation of high performance computing structures in a distributed way by exploiting multiple processing resources. The presence of mobile terminals has extended the paradigm to the so called pervasive grid networks, where multiple heterogeneous devices are interconnected to form a distributed computing resource. In such a scenario, there is the need of efficient techniques for providing reliable wireless connections among network nodes. This paper deals with the proposal of a suitable resource management scheme relying on a routing algorithm able to perform jointly the resource discovery and task scheduling for implementing an efficient pervasive grid infrastructure in a wireless ad hoc scenario. The proposed solutions have been considered within two different parallelization processing schemes, and their effectiveness has been verified by resorting to computer simulations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于OGSA/OGSI和Eclipse的网格计算平台设计

网格技术的研究越来越受关注,但各种各样的网格计算或提供的网格服务,必须遵循开放网格服务体系(OGSA)规范和开放网格服务基础设施(OGSI)技术标准.文中提出了基于开放源码的开发工具Eclipse平台,通过Globus Toolkit提供的接口插件,Eclipse以插件形式来封装对OGSA标准的事务调度,构建网格计算平台GBuilder,使用户开发网格服务实现可视化操作.     

一种网格环境下的密码计算模型

由于密码学和信息安全领域的许多问题最终都被转化为一个耗时的计算,其中许多计算需要利用多台异构的和地理分布的计算机协同,才能有效完成.密码算法的设计、分析和应用对于计算环境敏感,且依赖性较强,不同类型的算法和算法的不同实现模式对计算环境要求差异很大,而且到目前为止还不存在一种通用的分布式密码计算模型.为此,本文根据密码计算本身的需求,首先分别分析了密码算法设计、分析和应用的目标和特征,提出了相应的计算模式, 给出了一种网格环境下的通用密码计算模型.进而讨论了密码计算任务分割策略,资源分配和负载平衡问题.最后给出了网格环境Globus Toolkit下的模型构架、实现与实验结果.     

一种网格系统的网络管理系统的设计与实现

网格计算的一个显著的特点是多系统相互协作,共同解决一个复杂问题或者实现复杂的功能。分析了网格计算给NMS(网络管理系统)带来的挑战,以及主流网络管理技术(包括SNMP,CI-MP,CORBA,LDAP,TMN等)的缺陷,提出了一种基于改进的JMX和OpenNMS的针对网格分布式协作系统的NMS设计和实现。该实现的重要特点是能够快速、小代价地改造现有服务器,快速接入NMS,还可以精确定位分布式协作系统的故障。     

用于网格计算的复合代码生成技术研究

网格计算的研究越来越受到关注，但是网格开发的复杂性制约网格技术普遍使用。讨论了用于网格计算的复合代码生成技术。文中首先简要介绍了自行研制的网格计算快速开发工具GBuilder和代码生成技术，然后详细描述了GBuilder中复合代码生成的体系结构。     

A grid computing-based approach for the acceleration of simulations in cardiology.

This paper combines high-performance computing and grid computing technologies to accelerate multiple executions of a biomedical application that simulates the action potential propagation on cardiac tissues. First, a parallelization strategy was employed to accelerate the execution of simulations on a cluster of personal computers (PCs). Then, grid computing was employed to concurrently perform the multiple simulations that compose the cardiac case studies on the resources of a grid deployment, by means of a service-oriented approach. This way, biomedical experts are provided with a gateway to easily access a grid infrastructure for the execution of these research studies. Emphasis is stressed on the methodology employed. In order to assess the benefits of the grid, a cardiac case study, which analyzes the effects of premature stimulation on reentry generation during myocardial ischemia, has been carried out. The collaborative usage of a distributed computing infrastructure has reduced the time required for the execution of cardiac case studies, which allows, for example, to take more accurate decisions when evaluating the effects of new antiarrhythmic drugs on the electrical activity of the heart.     

Code Generation Framework for Grid Development

1Introduction Withrapidincreasinginnetworktechnologyanddis tributedcomputing,gridhasemergedfromitsinitial scientificbackground[1]andmadefirstattemptstostart acommercialusagewithaccesstonongrid relatedpro fessionalsandend users[2-5].Significantworkhasbeen …     

Grid computing: a STOPE view

Grid computing is emerging as the foundation upon which virtual organizations can be built. Such organizations are becoming of increasing importance for tackling various projects, both in academic and in business fields. This paper is concerned with presenting an integrated view of the grid to readers interested in understanding it, or perhaps in developing it further or making use of it in the future. The target view is based on the STOPE (strategy/technology/organization/people/environment) framework that has previously been used to integrate the issues of various information technology problems over its well‐defined domains. For strategy, the view considers the reasons associated with the need for the grid, including grid services and grid benefits. For technology, the technical components of the grid and their functions are taken into account. For organization, the organizations concerned with the development, technology production, service provisioning and use of the grid are considered. For people, those associated with the grid in the related organizations are taken into account. For the environment, rules, practices and support associated with the grid are discussed. Finally, the paper emphasizes questions that need to be answered in order to contribute to the future development of the grid. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于Web service的grid service的应用研究

总结和分析了Webservice的优缺点、体系结构和工作原理,但随着网格计算理论的提出和成型,人们对网格服务的要求越来越高。文中给出了网格服务的构架和实现步骤,并给出基于GT3的网格服务实现框图。鉴于GT3实现网格服务的复杂性和不可操作性,提出了开发gridservice平台的思想和实现框架。     

实现可靠计算的容错网格结构

由于网格资源的分布性。流动性和异构性，计算故障在网格计算环境中发生的概率比传统机群系统要高．而且结点故障的发生具有不确定性，检测和恢复更加困难。为了在网格计算环境中实现应用程序的可靠执行，提出了一种基于分布式错误检测技术的容错网格体系结构，研究了在结点故障、网络故障和进程故障时，应用程序恢复执行的方法。针对网格环境下上述三种故障发生的特性，研究了不同的应用程序恢复执行机制，其目标是以较小代价获得应用的可靠执行。     

面向自动协同驾驶的多车编队任务分配策略

自动驾驶的实现需要大量车载传感器的支持,然而,在有限车载计算资源条件下,由传感器所产生的庞大数据量使得自动驾驶任务的实时性难以满足,成为阻碍自动驾驶技术进一步发展的重要阻力。通过将驾驶任务进行协作处理,因而充分利用多个协作车辆的计算资源,自动协同驾驶成为解决该问题的新途径。而如何形成多车编队并实现编队中驾驶任务分配则是实现自动协同驾驶的关键。该文首先采用排队理论G/G/1模型建立一种普适性车辆编队网络拓扑分析模型,充分考虑编队内车辆间的任务协作能力和单个车辆的任务负荷,得出任务的处理时延和车辆系统中的平均任务数;其次,采用支持向量机(SVM)方法,基于车辆的负荷程度及处理能力将车辆的“空闲”、“繁忙”两状态进行分类,进而建立针对车辆协作任务分配的候选车辆集。最后,基于上述分析,该文提出面向多车编队协同驾驶的任务均衡策略——基于分类的贪婪均衡策略(C-GBS),以充分平衡编队内所有车辆的任务负荷并利用不同车辆的任务处理能力。仿真结果表明,该策略能够减小重负荷网络中的任务处理时延,有效提升自动驾驶车辆的任务处理效率。     

网格计算在文本分类中的应用

文本分类,是一种对文档进行自动标记类别的技术。它是文本挖掘中的一个核心任务,也是近年来数据挖掘中的一个研究热点。在文章本分类中,所要处理的文档集中包含了很多特征,而分类算法中对于这些特征的处理和识别又需要进行大量的计算,目前尽管分类算法的准确率可以达到很高的水平,但分类算法的速度却因为受到硬件条件的限制而没有得到有效的提高,而网格计算可以弥补这一点缺陷。文章对传统的向量空间分类算法进行改进,并在Alchemi网格计算平台下测试,发现在网格环境下,文本分类的速度得到很大的提高。     

面向自动驾驶的边缘计算技术研究综述

边缘计算在自动驾驶的环境感知和数据处理方面有着极其重要的应用.自动驾驶汽车可以通过从边缘节点获得环境信息来扩大自身的感知范围,也可以向边缘节点卸载计算任务以解决计算资源不足的问题.相比于云计算,边缘计算避免了长距离数据传输所导致的高时延,能给自动驾驶车辆提供更快速的响应,并且降低了主干网络的负载.基于此,首先介绍了基于...     

Reliability and performance of tree-structured grid services

Grid computing is a new emerging technology aiming at large-scale resource sharing, and global-area collaboration. It is a next step in an evolution of parallel and distributed computing. Due to the large scale and complexity of the grid system, its performance and reliability are difficult to model, analyse, and evaluate. This paper presents a model that relaxes some assumptions unsuitable for grid computing systems that have been made in the existed works studying the distributed systems. The paper proposes a virtual tree model of the grid service. This model simplifies the physical structure of a grid service, allows service performance (execution time) to be estimated, and takes into account the common cause failures in communication channels. Based on the model, an algorithm for evaluating the grid service performance distribution and the service reliability indices is suggested. The algorithm is based on graph theory, and Bayesian analysis. Illustrative examples are presented in which the results of the suggested algorithm are compared with simulation results.     

网格计算环境中的应用安全模型设计与实现

网格计算是近年来兴起的一个研究热点.它的出现和发展使得解决高性能计算领域的问题和挑战成为可能.而安全问题是网格计算成败的关键,因此,分析了当前网格计算环境的安全需求和网格安全基础设施(GSI)以及数字证书在GSI中的应用,并针对其存在的不足,设计了一种新型的网格应用安全模型,并基于网格计算环境实现了该模型.     

Pervasive grid for large-scale power systems contingency analysis

Optimal control and management of power systems require extensive analyses of phenomena that can compromise their operation in order to evaluate their impact on the security and reliability levels of the electrical networks. For complex networks, this process, known as power systems contingencies analysis, requires large computational efforts, whereas computation times should be less than a few minutes for the information to be useful. Even though many architectures based on conventional parallel and distributed systems have been widely proposed in the literature, they are characterized by low extensibility, reusability, and scalability, and so, they require a sensible hardware upgrade when more computational resources are necessary. This event is not infrequent in power systems where the constant growth of the electrical network complexity and the need for larger security and reliability levels of the plant infrastructures lead to the need of more detailed contingency analysis in shorter times. To address this problem, this paper proposes a pervasive grid approach to define a user-friendly software infrastructure for data acquisition from electrical networks and for data processing in order to simulate possible contingencies in a real electrical network. The grid infrastructure adopts a brokering service, based on an economy-driven model, to satisfy the quality of service constraints specified by the user (i.e., a time deadline to simulate the contingencies). This paper also discusses the deployment of the infrastructure on a network of heterogeneous clusters and PCs to compute the contingency analysis of a realistic electrical network. The experimental results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution and the potential role of grid computing in supporting intensive computations in power systems.     

DICOM image communication in globus-based medical grids.

Grid computing, the collaboration of distributed resources across institutional borders, is an emerging technology to meet the rising demand on computing power and storage capacity in fields such as high-energy physics, climate modeling, or more recently, life sciences. A secure, reliable, and highly efficient data transport plays an integral role in such grid environments and even more so in medical grids. Unfortunately, many grid middleware distributions, such as the well-known Globus Toolkit, lack the integration of the world-wide medical image communication standard Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM). Currently, the DICOM protocol first needs to be converted to the file transfer protocol (FTP) that is offered by the grid middleware. This effectively reduces most of the advantages and security an integrated network of DICOM devices offers. In this paper, a solution is proposed that adapts the DICOM protocol to the Globus grid security infrastructure and utilizes routers to transparently route traffic to and from DICOM systems. Thus, all legacy DICOM devices can be seamlessly integrated into the grid without modifications. A prototype of the grid routers with the most important DICOM functionality has been developed and successfully tested in the MediGRID test bed, the German grid project for life sciences.     

High-Performance Distributed Video Content Analysis with Parallel-Horus

As the world uses more digital video that requires greater storage space, grid computing is becoming indispensable for urgent problems in multimedia content analysis. Parallel-Horus, a support tool for applications in multimedia grid computing, lets users implement multimedia applications as sequential programs for efficient execution on clusters and grids, based on wide-area multimedia services.