最优模糊控制器的系统设计

典型模糊控制器在难于建立数学模型或对控制精度要求不高的场合已得到了成功的应用，但与传统的控制方法相比，它存在两个明显的弱点，一个所得到的模糊控制规则不能保证其是优的或是次最优的，二是在设计模糊控制器获取模糊控制规则时主要是凭经验进行，没有的步骤可遵循，本文提出了一类最优模糊控制器的系统设计方法及步骤，这种最优模糊控制器既有典型模糊控制器的形式，又有类似于线性二次型的性能指标Ｊ＝ｒｆ∑ｋ＝１（ａＮＡ     

Fuzzy model predictive control

A fuzzy model predictive control (FMPC) approach is introduced to design a control system for a highly nonlinear process. In this approach, a process system is described by a fuzzy convolution model that consists of a number of quasi-linear fuzzy implications. In controller design, prediction errors and control energy are minimized through a two-layered iterative optimization process. At the lower layer, optimal local control policies are identified to minimize prediction errors in each subsystem. A near optimum is then identified through coordinating the subsystems to reach an overall minimum prediction error at the upper layer. The two-layered computing scheme avoids extensive online nonlinear optimization and permits the design of a controller based on linear control theory. The efficacy of the FMPC approach is demonstrated through three examples     

一种适用于非最小相位系统的模糊控制方法

针对某一类非最小相位系统的特性,提出一种新型模糊控制器的设计方法,改进了ＰＩＤ型模糊控制器的结构,对输入变量设计了一种简单的可调整宽度的三角形隶属度函数;根据偏差和偏差变化率的相平面图,建立了调节系统的动态特性和规则基之间的定性关系,使规则基的设计趋于简单、合理。水轮机调节系统的仿真结果表明了这种方法的有效性。     

调整系统控制量的模糊PID控制器的计算机设计与仿真

该文提出调整系统控制量的模糊PID控制器的计算机设计与仿真。以碱回收炉的水位控制为例具体论述调整系统控制量的模糊PID控制器的设计、2-D控制表的建立、以及控制器计算机设计与仿真的实现。借助MATLAB模糊控制工具箱和SIMULINK仿真工具进行的仿真实验表明．该控制器既吸收了模糊控制器良好的动态性能．又克服了模糊控制器静态性能较差的缺点。并且为碱回收炉上汽包水位控制提出了一种新的尝试。该控制器结构简单、参数调整方便、快捷。     

Genetic algorithm-based optimal fuzzy controller design in the linguistic space

In this paper, a genetic algorithm (GA) based optimal fuzzy controller design is proposed. The design procedure is accomplished by establishing an index function as the consequent part of the fuzzy control rule. The inputs of the controller, after scaling, are utilized by the index function for computing the output linguistic value. This linguistic value can then be used to map the suitable fuzzy control actions. This proposed novel fuzzy control rule has crisp input and fuzzified output characteristics. The index function plays a role in mapping the desired fuzzy sets for defuzzification resulting in a controlled hypersurface in the linguistic space formed by the input fuzzy variables. Two types of index functions, both linear and nonlinear, are introduced for controlling systems with different degrees of nonlinearity. The parameters of the index function are obtained by applying a simple GA with a suitable fitness function. Various controlled systems result in various parameter sets depending on their dynamics. Under the acquired optimal parameter set the optimal index function can be used to generate the desired control actions. Several simulation examples are given to verify the performance of the proposed GA-based fuzzy controller.     

A Numerical Approximation‐Based Controller for Mobile Robots with Velocity Limitation

In this paper the problem of trajectory tracking considers that the values of the control actions do not exceed a maximum allowable value and the zero convergence of tracking errors is demonstrated. The control law is based on a linear algebra approach. First, the desired trajectories of some state variables are determined by analyzing the conditions for a system of linear equations to have an exact solution. Therefore, the control signals are obtained by solving the system of linear equations. The optimal controller parameters are selected through nonlinear programming so as to prevent the saturation of the control actions. Experimental results are presented and discussed, demonstrating the controller's good performance. Finally, the performance of the proposed controller is compared with a fuzzy controller, and all the results are validated through experimental laboratory tests.     

用遗传算法优化设计模糊控制器的软件研制

文章叙述了利用遗传算法优化设计模糊控制器的原理,介绍了相应软件的组成和基本功能。该软件不仅能优化设计模糊控制器,而且能根据不同被控对象模型进行仿真,从而评价模糊控制器的鲁棒性及动态性能。     

An improved robust fuzzy-PID controller with optimal fuzzy reasoning.

Many fuzzy control schemes used in industrial practice today are based on some simplified fuzzy reasoning methods, which are simple but at the expense of losing robustness, missing fuzzy characteristics, and having inconsistent inference. The concept of optimal fuzzy reasoning is introduced in this paper to overcome these shortcomings. The main advantage is that an integration of the optimal fuzzy reasoning with a PID control structure will generate a new type of fuzzy-PID control schemes with inherent optimal-tuning features for both local optimal performance and global tracking robustness. This new fuzzy-PID controller is then analyzed quantitatively and compared with other existing fuzzy-PID control methods. Both analytical and numerical studies clearly show the improved robustness of the new fuzzy-PID controller.     

Stable and optimal fuzzy control of linear systems

A number of stable and optimal fuzzy controllers are developed for linear systems. Based on some classical results in control theory, we design the structure and parameters of fuzzy controllers such that the closed-loop fuzzy control systems are stable, provided that the process under control is linear and satisfies certain conditions. It turns out that if stability is the only requirement, there is much freedom in choosing the fuzzy controller parameters. Therefore, a performance criterion is set to optimalize the parameters. Using the Pontryagin minimum principle, we design an optimal fuzzy controller for linear systems with quadratic cost function. Finally, the optimal fuzzy controller is applied to a ball-and-beam system     

Improved L2 Gain Performance Controller Synthesis for Takagi–Sugeno Fuzzy System

In this paper, an improved L2 gain performance controller synthesis is proposed for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy system. The T-S fuzzy controller can be easily derived by a three-step procedure with the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technique. First, a new T-S fuzzy model structure is presented, which includes the original T-S fuzzy plant with stable pre- and post filters on the input and output of the original plant. Second, by using this structure the L2 gain performance controller design problem can be easily transformed into standard LMIs formulation. Compared with the previous results, it not only gives us a simple structure of the T-S fuzzy controller, but also provides us effective LMIs-based conditions, which include a small number of unknown matrix variables; consequently, less value of L2 gain performance of the closed-loop system can be obtained. Third, an augmented T-S fuzzy controller which guarantees L2 gain performance is obtained for the original T-S fuzzy plant, which is composed of the T-S controller derived from step two and two stable pre- and post filters. Finally, some numerical examples are demonstrated to show the effectiveness of the proposals.     

Optimal fuzzy controller design: local concept approach

In this paper, we present a global optimal and stable fuzzy controller design method for both continuous- and discrete-time fuzzy systems under both finite and infinite horizons. First, a sufficient condition is proposed which indicates that the global optimal effect can be achieved by the fuzzily combined local optimal controllers. Based on this sufficient condition, we derive a local concept approach to designing the optimal fuzzy controller by applying traditional linear optimal control theory. The stability of the entire closed-loop continuous fuzzy system can be ensured by the designed optimal fuzzy controller. The optimal feedback continuous fuzzy system can not only be guaranteed to be exponentially stable, but also be stabilized to any desired degree. Also, the total energy of system output is absolutely finite. Moreover, the resultant feedback continuous fuzzy system possesses an infinite gain margin; that is, its stability is guaranteed no matter how large the feedback gain becomes. Two examples are given to illustrate the proposed optimal fuzzy controller design approach and to demonstrate the proved stability properties     

Fuzzy system-based adaptive iterative learning control for nonlinear plants with initial state errors

In this paper, a fuzzy system-based adaptive iterative learning controller is proposed for a class of non-Lipschitz nonlinear plants which can repeat a given task over a finite time interval. The variable initial resetting state errors at the beginning of each trial is considered. To overcome the initial errors, a time-varying boundary layer is introduced to design an error function. Based on the error function, the main structure of this controller is constructed by a fuzzy iterative learning component and a feedback stabilization component. The fuzzy system is used as an approximator to compensate for the plant unknown nonlinearity. Since the optimal parameters for a good fuzzy approximation are in general unavailable, the adaptive algorithms are derived along the iteration axis to search for suitable parameter values and then guarantee the closed-loop stability and learning convergence. It is shown that all the adjustable parameters as well as internal signals remain bounded for all iterations. There even exist initial state errors, the norm of tracking error vector will asymptotically converge to a tunable residual set as iteration goes to infinity and the learning speed can be easily improved if the learning gain is large.     

应用于离散模糊系统的最优模糊追踪器设计

针对二阶离散式模糊追踪系统,提出用于构造一种最优模糊追踪器的设计方式,并用于追踪一类时变目标或任意模型目标.为了能让所提出的设计方法完整并达到总体最小化,提出了一种近似线性化的离散模糊动态系统的表示法.另外,为了简化计算量,一个多层分解方式被用于本文所提出的最优设计程序中,模拟结果显示,本文提出的最优模糊追踪设计方式确能达到预期效果.     

基于SCEA的模糊控制器的优化设计研究

有关最优模糊控制器设计的研究已经提出许多年了,也因此而提出了各种各样的模糊建模方法。该文为模糊建模提出了一种新颖的算法――计划协同进化算法(Schema Coevolutionary Algorithm-SCEA),用该算法来设计最优模糊控制器,并将优化后的模糊控制器用于汽车防抱死制动系统(ABS)。理论分析以及仿真试验都验证了该算法的有效性。     

Simplifying the automatic design of a fuzzy logic controller using evolutionary programming

With the availability of a wide range of Evolutionary Algorithms such as Genetic Algorithms, Evolutionary Programming, Evolutionary Strategies and Differential Evolution, every conceivable aspect of the design of a fuzzy logic controller has been optimized and automated. Although there is no doubt that these automated techniques can produce an optimal fuzzy logic controller, the structure of such a controller is often obscure and in many cases these optimizations are simply not needed. We believe that the automatic design of a fuzzy logic controller can be simplified by using a generic rule base such as the MacVicar-Whelan rule base and using an evolutionary algorithm to optimize only the membership functions of the fuzzy sets. Furthermore, by restricting the overlapping of fuzzy sets, using triangular membership functions and singletons, and reducing the number of parameters to represent the membership functions, the design can be further simplified. This paper describes this method of simplifying the design and some experiments performed to ascertain its validity.     

电弧炼钢炉电极模糊控制系统的设计与实现

用模糊控制方法对炼钢电弧炉电极进行控制,介绍电极模糊控制器的设计思想及实现方法、最佳工作点的确定方法和系统总体设计方案,最后讨论了显示“干扰”问题的解决方法．     

Stable direct adaptive fuzzy control for a class of MIMO non-linear systems

Two new schemes of direct adaptive fuzzy controller for a class of multi-input multi-output non-linear systems with unknown constant gains or function gains are proposed in this paper. The design is based on a modified Lyapunov function and the approximation capability of the first type fuzzy system. The approach is able to avoid the requirement of the upper bound of the first-time derivative of the control gain, which is assumed to know a priori in some of the existing adaptive fuzzy/neural network control schemes. In addition, it is also able to avoid the controller singularity problem. By theoretical analysis, the closed-loop fuzzy control system is proven to be globally stable in the sense that all signals involved are bounded, with tracking errors converging to zero. The simulation results verify the effectiveness the proposed controllers and the theoretical discussion.     

机器人操作器的自适应模糊滑模控制器设计

针对机器人动力学系统提出了一种基于模糊逻辑的自适应模糊滑模控制方案.根据滑模控制原理并利用模糊系统的逼近能力设计控制器,基于李雅谱诺夫方法设计自适应律,证明了闭环模糊控制系统的稳定性和跟踪误差的收敛性.控制结构简单,不需要复杂的运算.该设计方案柔化了控制信号,减轻了一般滑模控制的抖振现象.仿真结果表明了所提控制策略的有效性.     

深度确定性策略梯度与模糊PID的协同温度控制

针对现有温度控制系统控温时间长、误差大的问题, 本文提出了一种基于深度确定性策略梯度(DDPG)和模糊自整定PID的协同温度控制. 首先, 模糊PID在控制大滞后系统时, 控制器不能立刻对产生的干扰起抑制作用, 且无法保证大滞后系统的稳定性等问题, 本文建立了模糊PID和DDPG算法相结合的温度控制模型, 该模型将模糊PID作为主控制器, DDPG算法作为辅助控制, 利用双控制器模型实现温度协同控制. 接着, 利用遗传算法对模糊PID的隶属函数和模糊规则进行寻优, 获得模型参数最优解. 最后, 在仿真实验中验证所提方法的有效性. 仿真实验结果表明, 本文提出的算法可有效减少噪声干扰, 减小控制系统的响应时间、误差和超调量.     

基于遗传算法的模糊控制器的综合优化设计

该文简要叙述了模糊控制器的优化设计原理,提出了一种采用遗传算法对模糊控制器的量化因子、比例因子、隶属函数的参数和模糊控制规则进行综合优化的设计方法,并采用VisualC++6.0编制了相应的软件,该软件已成功地应用于工程中。此外,该软件也可作为遗传优化和模糊控制器设计的辅助教学软件。