馒头面团发酵过程初探

初步探讨了发酵过程中的水分活度、pH值、还原糖的变化。研究表明，长时间发酵时，pH值在有所波动的情况下，呈下降趋势；水分活度和还原糖呈波动变化。     

馒头贮存过程中理化指标变化的研究

研究贮存过程中与馒头品质有关的理化指标的变化 ,如各层水分含量、还原糖呈下降趋势 ;水分活度、蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力上升 ;pH值和维生素B6呈波动变化。     

馒头贮存过程中理化指标变化的研究

研究贮存过程中与馒头品质有关的理化指标的变化，如各层水分含量、还原糖呈下降趋势；水分活度、蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力上升；pH值和维生素B6呈波动变化。     

发酵香菇香肠理化特性变化研究

通过对香菇香肠发酵及干燥过程中的pH值、水分含量与水分活度（Aw）的测定与分析,发现香菇中水分活度与pH值及水分含量都呈线性关系,影响水分活度的主要因素是水分含量的变化。并对香菇香肠贮藏条件作了初步研究。     

发酵香肠的pH值、水分含量与水分活度(Aw)的关系及其对制品贮藏性的影响

对发酵香肠的 pH值、水分含量与水分活度 (Aw)的关系及其对制品贮藏性的影响作了初步的研究。结果表明 :水分活度的下降与 pH值及水分含量均是呈直线关系 ,随制品 pH和水分含量的降低 ,水分活度逐渐下降 ,但 pH值对水分活度的影响较小 ,水分含量影响较大。香肠的 pH值、水分含量和水分活度值越底其贮藏稳定性越高。     

镇江香醋醋酸发酵过程中理化指标的动态分析研究

通过对镇江香醋醋酸发酵过程中醋醅的水分含量、pH值、还原糖、总酸、蛋白质、氨基酸和铵盐的测定,分析讨论各理化指标的变化规律。结果表明:各理化指标在发酵过程中变化各不相同,水分含量变化不显著,还原糖呈先增后减趋势,pH值和蛋白质呈下降趋势,总酸、氨基酸和铵盐呈递增趋势。各理化指标的动态分析为镇江香醋的工业化生产工艺提供了理论参考。     

中式发酵香肠pH与Aw的关系及其对产品风味的影响

试验对中式发酵香肠的pH值、水分活度(Aw)的关系及其对制品风味的影响进行研究.结果表明:发酵过程中随制品pH值的降低,水分活度逐渐下降,两者呈正相关关系;干燥过程中水分活度随与水分含量的下降而降低,但pH与发酵同期相比又有所上升.感官评定结果发现,制品发酵时间在42h,干燥时间30h时,产品风味最佳,其pH值为4.91,水分活度为0.781,水分含量为28.11%.     

发酵干香肠生产过程中的理化变化研究

对发酵干香肠生产过程中的理化变化进行了跟踪测定,结果表明,pH值、水分活度、水分含量、蛋白质水解指数、游离氨基酸、酸价和过氧化值等理化因子皆发生显著变化。     

应用复合发酵剂加工发酵干香肠过程中的理化及微生物特性

本文揭示了发酵干香肠生产过程中水分活度、pH值、酸价、过氧化物值、蛋白水解指数等理化指标及微生物指标的变化情况。研究表明,添加发酵剂的产品比自然发酵产品的pH值、水分活度、水分含量下降得更快,蛋白水解指数更大,风味更好,并明显抑制杂菌的生长;但两类产品最终具有相同的乳酸菌数、酸价和过氧化物值。这说明在发酵干香肠的加工过程中,产品pH值、水分含量、水分活度、蛋白水解程度等受发酵剂种类的影响,而脂肪氧化程度与发酵剂关系不大。     

四川腊肉生产过程中理化及微生物特性的研究

研究了四川腊肉生产过程中pH值、TBA、过氧化值、酸价、水分活度、水分含量等理化指标以及各种微生物的变化情况.结果表明,四川腊肉最低pH值在5.9左右;在生产过程中TBA值、过氧化值、酸价都呈逐渐上升趋势;最终水分活度在0.7左右,水分含量在20%左右;四川腊肉的优势菌为乳酸菌和葡萄球菌.     

新疆“昆仑金玉”的宝石矿物学特征

采用X射线粉末衍射、傅里叶红外吸收光谱、原子吸收光谱、扫描电子显微镜及宝石学常规测试等分析方法,对具有代表性的两种颜色的新疆"昆仑金玉"样品的宝石矿物学特征进行了深入研究。结果表明,"昆仑金玉"的矿物组成为蛇纹石,深绿色品种为叶蛇纹石,黄绿色品种为利蛇纹石,深绿色品种的硬度高于黄绿色品种;"昆仑金玉"的颜色与Fe元素的质量分数密切相关,黄绿色品种中Fe的质量分数高于深绿色品种,其中,不同的Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)比值致"昆仑金玉"呈现不同的色调;深绿色品种中的叶蛇纹石和黄绿色品种中的利蛇纹石在扫描电子显微镜下均展现典型的片状外观,深绿色品种中的叶蛇纹石边缘为参差状,而黄绿色品种中的利蛇纹石发育圆化的边缘,这种形态的差异说明两种蛇纹石具有不同的内部结构。红外光谱结果显示,3 644cm~(-1)处"肩状"吸收峰的出现,说明深绿色品种中的叶蛇纹石和黄绿色品种中的利蛇纹石具有不同的内部结构。     

钢丝绳新品种发展趋势及使用

ＧＢ／Ｔ８９１８—１９９６《钢丝绳》新标准规范了钢丝绳品种、质量,为新品种钢丝绳的推广与发展创造了条件。论述国内外矿用钢丝绳品种发展趋势与最佳品种选择,指出贯彻新标准,大力推广和发展新品种的必要性和重要性,对于满足市场需求,提高企业经济效益具有重要意义     

Free sugars and non-starch polysaccharide contents of good and poor malting varieties of wheat and their malts

The yield and composition of low molecular weight sugars and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) of a good- and a poor-malting variety of wheat and their malts were determined. There were seven, four and six-fold increases in total sugars, sucrose and maltose, respectively, on 120 h germination in both varieties, the increase being higher in the good-malting variety than in the poor-malting variety. The poor-malting variety contained slightly (11.7%) higher levels of total NSP than the good-malting variety (10.9%). The uronic acid formed 2.5 to 23.3% of the different NSP fractions, the highest being in EDTA-extractable (EDTAE) fractions. The hexose content of the cold water-soluble fraction decreased from 63.4 to 20% on malting in the good-malting variety but its content remained the same in the poor-malting variety. Mannose was detected only in the EDTAE fraction of the good-malting variety and its concentration decreased from 24.2 to 4.6% on malting. Malt samples from both varieties contained slightly higher levels of hemicellulose A, hemicellulose B and cellulosic fractions, and lower levels of EDTAE NSP fractions. The water-soluble fraction was 45% of the total NSP of the good-malting variety and 28% of the poor-malting variety.     

PASSION FRUIT STARCH AND EFFECT ON JUICE VISCOSITY

Starches in the juices of yellow passion fruit, Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa , and purple passion fruit, P. edulis f. edulis , were isolated and characterized. Starch granule sizes for the yellow variety (7.8 μm) and purple variety (6.4 μm) were similar. Gelation temperature ranges for the yellow variety (58.5–67.0 ° c) and purple variety (58.5–66.5 ° C) were also similar. The amylose content was slightly higher in the yellow variety (8.7%) than in the purple variety (5.8%). Viscosity differences between juices of the two varieties after treatment with heat and α-amylase were attributed to differences in pH and starch content between the yellow variety (pH 2.8, 0.06% starch) and the purple variety (pH 4.2, 0.74% starch). α-amylase was effective in reducing the viscosity of passion fruit juice in which the starches are gelatinized.     

烤烟新品种鲁烟2号的选育及其主要特征特性

烤烟新品种鲁烟2号,亦即CF90NF,系从烤烟品种中烟98中系统选育而成,2012年10月通过全国烟草品种审定委员会山东省烟草品种审定专家组审定。它既较多的保持了源品种中烟98烟叶质量较好、产量较高、容易烘烤等优良特性,又较好地克服了中烟98存在的某些缺陷,在烟叶产量、质量、经济效益、抗逆力等重要性状方面较能兼顾,综合性状优于对照品种NC89,尤其是烤后烟叶正面与背面的色差相对较小,烟叶外观质量与内在品质符合当前卷烟工业需求。适应性较广,不仅适于潍坊烟区栽培,而且也适于山东及国内其他同类烟区种植,具较稳定的农业经济效能和较高的工业可用性。     

Identification of variety cycles in food choices: Its’ impact on state-dependence coefficients

In food products, the demand for variety is satisfied in purchasing cycles, and different products are demanded and consumed in each cycle, until the acceptable and/or available variety is depleted. The presentation of the variety cycle concept constitutes the basic contribution of this research; it allows us to be able to explain different purchasing behaviours by consumers. Our study also points out some research implications by providing a further explanation to the dynamics of state-dependence coefficients, inertia and variety seeking, of individuals, in addition to their experience or their tendency to seek variety.     

多品种盐的开发与应用进展

文章主要介绍了多品种盐的定义、分类及功用,对国内外多品种盐行业的发展现状进行了综述,并对我国多品种盐的发展进行了必要性分析,指出大力发展多品种盐有利于提高民众生活水平,提高盐行业经济效益,并有助于促进盐行业结构调整。     

甜菜新品种中甜一甘糖6号的选育

中甜一甘糖6号为抗甜菜丛根病多粒雄性不育杂交种,是以多粒雄性不育系9004A为母本,抗（耐）丛根病品系9604为父本,按3：1比例配制而成,其含糖稳定,产量较高,对丛根病的抗性较好。在全国甜菜品种区域试验中,提前一年通过鉴定,达到甜菜新品种标准。在生产试验中,平均根产量较对照提高16．0％,含糖率提高1．01度,产糖量较对照提高22．9％。     

Dietary fibre in some Norwegian plant foods during storage

The dietary fibre (DF) content of some storage-strong vegetables, grown in Norway, has been determined. The vegetables were collected at harvest time and at intervals during storage, to monitor the DF content during the storage season.Nantes, a variety of carrot, and Hygro, an onion variety, were available throughout the entire period of investigation. A slight decrease in the DF content with length of storage was observed for carrots, but not for onions.With cabbage (Golden Acre, Toten Amager and Blue Top varieties) and rutabaga (Gry and Bangholm varieties) any particular variety was available only for a shorter period (1–4 months), with little overlap between varieties. No systematic change in DF content was observed within any variety during this period. However, differences in DF content from variety to variety within the same vegetable were found.The observed DF variations within each vegetable, whether due to storage or to variety, were relatively slight and need not normally be taken into account when estimating the DF contents of diets containing these vegetables. Some methodological problems are discussed.