有机磷阻燃改性环氧树脂的制备及性能

以4,4'-[亚甲基双[4,1-苯撑亚氨基[(6-氧代-6H-二苯并[c,e][1,2]氧磷杂己环-6-基)亚甲基]]]二苯酚(D-bp)为阻燃剂、4,4'-二氨基二苯砜(DDS)为固化剂,制备了一种无卤阻燃环氧树脂,通过锥形量热分析、垂直燃烧测试和热重分析对其阻燃性能、热性能进行研究.结果表明:当磷质量分数为0.50...     

环氧树脂体系阻燃改性研究进展

介绍了阻燃改性环氧树脂常用方法，讨论了各阻燃体系的阻燃机理，并对环氧树脂阻燃技术作了展望。     

环氧树脂-聚氨酯阻燃改性研究

以端异氰酸酯基聚氨酯为预聚体,环氧树脂CYD-011为原料,以氢氧化镁为阻燃剂对环氧树脂-聚氨酯进行了阻燃抑烟改性研究。测试结果表明,随着氢氧化镁的逐渐加入,环氧树脂-聚氨酯的热分解温度上升,氧指数提高。同时,燃烧过程中,氢氧化镁促使环氧树脂-聚氨酯表面形成致密薄膜,延缓热量和氧气的传递,提升了环氧树脂-聚氨酯的阻燃抑烟性能。     

环氧树脂/有机硅复合改性聚氨酯阻燃涂料的研究

采用正交试验法,以涂膜的力学性能和耐燃时间为依据,确定了制备环氧树脂/有机硅复合改性聚氨酯阻燃涂料时,环氧树脂与有机硅的配比,阻燃剂聚磷酸铵、三聚氰胺、季戊四醇的最佳用量。对涂膜进行了红外光谱和热重分析,对比检测了未改性聚氨酯涂料和环氧树脂/有机硅复合改性聚氨酯阻燃涂料的各方面性能。结果表明,环氧树脂/有机硅复合改性聚氨酯阻燃涂料的涂膜具有较高的拉伸强度,热稳定性能良好,防火阻燃性能优良。     

改性阻燃环氧树脂胶粘剂

<正>辽宁工程技术大学以三聚氰胺聚磷酸酯(MPP)为改性阻燃剂、以聚酯类聚氨酯(PU)预聚体改性环氧树脂(EP)为基体树脂,制备出一种阻燃性能优异的EP胶粘剂。当w(EP)=100份、w(PU预聚体)=30份和w(MPP)=30份时,     

耐高温及阻燃环氧树脂改性的研究进展

综述了近年来耐高温及阻燃环氧树脂改性的研究进展。目前对环氧树脂耐高温和阻燃方面的改性方法主要有硅改性,磷改性,硅、磷、胺协同改性,刚性棒状改性,芳杂环和脂环族改性,马来酰亚胺改性,氰酸酯改性,内消旋改性和有机钛改性等方法。     

溴化环氧树脂阻燃新材料

山东道恩集团下属工程塑料公司研究中心近日研发成功一种新型环保阻燃材料——溴化环氧树脂阻燃材料。     

改性硅基杂化介孔材料阻燃PC/ABS研究

将自制的9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)接枝硅基杂化介孔材料(DM)、三苯基磷酸酯( TPP)和聚碳酸酯(PC)/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料(ABS)共混制得阻燃PC/ABS复合材料.研究表明,当DM和TPP的质量分数为2％和6％时,复合材料的氧指数为28％,并达到UL 94 V-0阻燃级别;锥形量热仪进一步分析证实PC/ABS/TPP/DM体系的最大热释放速率和总热释放量均有大幅度下降;通过对炭层形貌及结构的研究表明,DM和TPP具有很好的协效作用,在燃烧过程中能促进PC/ABS复合材料生成微观致密的炭层,增强了PC/ABS复合材料的热稳定性.     

环氧树脂固化物的阻燃化研究

就环氧树脂固化物的阻燃方法及环氧树脂固化物的阻燃基础进行了研究。     

超支化聚合物改性环氧树脂固化体系力学性能研究

研究了羟端基脂肪族超支化聚酯(HBPE)对环氧树脂(EP)固化体系力学性能的影响。结果表明,加入较低含量的HBPE就能较好地改善体系的拉伸强度和冲击强度,同时对拉伸弹性模量的影响不大。其中,第三代和第四代HBPE的质量分数为3%时,固化体系的拉伸强度分别提高20.54%和18.64%,断裂伸长率分别提高41.02%和58.66%,冲击强度分别提高71.14%和117.36%。对固化体系的拉伸断面进行了分析,发现引入HBPE后,材料表现出韧性断裂;HBPE以微分散相的形式均匀分散在EP基体中。     

Reactive organophosphorus flame retardant for transparency,low-flammability,and mechanical reinforcement epoxy resin

To maintain transparency and improve flame retardancy and mechanical properties of epoxy resin, a reactive organophosphorus flame retardant (DPDDM) was designed and synthesized, which was derived from 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 4, 4′- diamino diphenylmethane and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa –10- phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxidein two steps. Compared with neat epoxy resin (EP), the tensile strength and flexural strength of the EP with 5% DPDDM increased by 28.6% and 42.8%, respectively, indicating that DPDDM can significantly improve the mechanical properties of EP materials. Meanwhile, the DPDDM modified EP materials have good transparency and the EP with 5% DPDDM passed the V-0 rating and had the limiting oxygen index as high as 34%. Cone calorimeter test results showed that the heat release and smoke generation of the modified materials were significantly lower than the unmodified materials, which were reduced by 32.6% and 64.6%, respectively, indicating that the modified materials can greatly improve the safety of fire prevention. This work provides a new approach to prepare transparent epoxy resin with good mechanical properties and excellent flame retardancy.     

改性三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐阻燃环氧树脂研究

采用分子复合技术合成了改性MCA(M-MCA)阻燃环氧树脂,采用UL94垂直燃烧测试及微型量热分析对其性能进行了研究,同时采用热失重分析方法研究其降解历程和阻燃机理。结果表明,该材料实现了阻燃剂粒子在环氧溶液及基材中超细及均匀分散,解决了常规MCA阻燃剂在环氧树脂胶液中分散困难、易团聚等问题,改性MCA阻燃树脂比传统MCA具有更佳阻燃效果,该体系阻燃机理以气相阻燃为主。     

Flame retardant and mechanical properties of epoxy composites containing APP−PSt core−shell microspheres

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP)–polystyrene (PSt) core–shell microspheres (CSPs) were synthesized via in situ radical polymerization. The core–shell structure was confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results of optical contact angle measurements demonstrated a significant improvement in hydrophobicity of the modified APP. The obtained APP–PSt CSPs were added into epoxy (EP) system with various loadings. Effects of CSP on flame retardancy, thermal properties, heat release rate (HRR), smoke production, and mechanical properties of EP/CSP composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimeter, and tensile test. LOI and UL‐94 indicated that CSP remarkably improved the flame retardancy of EP composites. TGA showed that the initial decomposition temperature and the maximum‐rate decomposition temperature decreased, whereas residue yields at high temperature increased with the incorporation of microspheres. Cone calorimetry gave evidence that HRR, peak release rate, average HRR, and smoke production rate of EP/CSP composites decreased significantly. The morphology of char residues suggested that CSP could effectively promote EP to form high‐quality char layer with compact outer surface and swollen inner structure. Tensile strength of EP was enhanced with the addition of CSP. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40218.     

Flame retardant epoxy resin for electrical and electronic applications

Amine‐cured epoxy resins were prepared at 2% by weight phosphorus content using four halogen‐free flame retardants; poly(m‐phenylene methyl phosphonate) (Fyrol PMP); 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide; red phosphorus; and aluminum diethylphosphinate (OP1230). The effect of these additives on the properties of cured epoxy, including glass transition temperature, thermal stability, and fire retardancy (cone calorimetry), were studied and were compared with the conventionally used flame retardant, tetrabromobisphenol‐A (TBBA). All properties are improved for the non‐halogenated materials compared with TBBA. Further, the stoichiometric amounts of Fyrol PMP and TBBA (without an external curing agent) were reacted with epoxy to determine if they could be used as a flame retardant and as a curing agent; Fyrol PMP effectively acts as a flame retardant and as a curing agent. Evolved gas analysis is also discussed through thermogravimetric analysis/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An intrinsic flame retardant epoxy resin with high transparency and strengthened mechanical property

In order to search for multifunctional epoxy thermosets (EP) with low flammability, high transparency and satisfied mechanical performance, DOPO-based phosphonate ammonium salt (DOA) was synthesized from 10-hydroxy-9,10-dihydro-9-oza-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO-OH) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD). Under the influence of DOA, the flame-retardant and mechanical performances of the resulting EP were obviously improved. On account of the enhanced interaction and the incorporated flexible fragments in epoxy macromolecular chains, the tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact toughness of EP/5.0 wt% DOA significantly increased from 65.4 ± 1.2 MPa, 6.7 ± 0.6%, and 12.1 ± 1.3 kJ m⁻² of EP to 81.4 ± 2.8 MPa, 10.6 ± 0.5%, and 18.0 ± 1.1 kJ m⁻², respectively. In the presence of DOA, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of EP/5.0 wt% DOA increased to 35.5% and it passed the underwriter laboratories-94 vertical burning tests (UL-94 V) and got a V-1 rating. Moreover, the peak value of heat release rate (PHRR) was decreased by 38.0%. The analyses of char residues and volatile products showed that the activities of DOA on reducing the flammability of EP were ascribed to the protective effect of the char, the release of incombustible gases, and the radical-capture action of phosphorus-containing free radicals. Moreover, the modified epoxy thermosets still retained a high transparency.     

Flame retardant and mechanical properties of epoxy composites with ammonium polyphosphate and hyperbranched silicon-containing polymers

The epoxy resin was mixed with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and hyperbranched silicon-containing polymers (HBP-B2). The cured composites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, Underwriters Laboratory standard for the flammability properties under vertical burning (UL-94V), and limited oxygen index (LOI) test methods. The LOI of 43.5 and could be obtained at the weight ratio of 70:25:5 for the epoxy resin:APP:HBP-B2, Sample A25B5, and the LOI was higher than that of the composite with 30 wt % APP only, Sample A30B0, of which the LOI was 34.5. It suggested that the HBP-B2 could cooperate with the epoxy/APP composite to form a more effective protection layer during combustion, which resulted in a higher second-stage thermal degradation temperature. During the UL-94V test, the flame was extinguished immediately once the burner was removed. Furthermore, the tensile and impact strength of the epoxy/APP composite could also be improved by using HBP-B2 compound as the toughening agent. The composite containing 20% of APP and 10% of HBP-B2, Sample A20B10, still had excellent flame retardant properties with a V-0 rating. Moreover, the tensile strength and impact strength of that composite got 19 and 25% increases compared with the Sample A30B0, which contained 30% of APP only. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48857.     

Polydopamine modified ammonium polyphosphate modified shape memory water-borne epoxy composites with photo-responsive flame retardant property

Shape memory epoxy (SMEP) is a high performance shape memory polymer; however, is extremely flammable which severely restricts its applications. In this work, a novel polydopamine modified ammonium polyphosphate (PDA@APP) flame retardant was prepared to improve the flame retardant and enrich the response method of SMEP. Through flame retardancy test confirmed that the flame retarding properties of the PDA@APP/WEP composites significantly improved than the APP/WEP composites, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of the APP/SMEP and the PDA@APP/SMEP samples increased by 29.8% and 32.2%, respectively. Moreover, the PDA@APP/WEP composites had excellent light response shape-memory performance. Interestingly, the PDA@APP/WEP treated polyester fabric exhibited excellent light crease recovery performance and excellent flame retardant property. This work develops a new method for fabric crease recovery and will help broaden the application of WEP and its composites.     

In situ synthesized and dispersed melamine polyphosphate flame retardant epoxy resin composites

The dispersion of flame retardants in polymer matrix has significant impact on the final properties of the final materials. Homogenous dispersion for additive type flame retardant powder in polymer melt or solution with high viscosity is a challenge all the time. In the present research, melamine polyphosphate (MPP) is employed to flame-retard the epoxy resin (EP). Different from direct addition of MPP powder in viscous EP glue like conventional means, MPP is firstly synthesized by melamine and polyphosphoric acid in a good solvent for EP. Keeping fine and even dispersion of the produced MPP particles, EP prepolymer is added into the MPP containing solution. By this way, perfect dispersion of the flame retardant can be achieved both in the glue and the cured resin. A series of tests such as the particle size analysis, flammability evaluation, and mechanical properties tests are conducted to compare the MPP flame retardant EP obtained by this method and the conventional one. It shows that the in situ synthesis and compounding method can endow the MPP incorporated EP glue system with better homogeneity and stability, hence leading to higher flame retardancy and obviously improved mechanical performance of the final composite. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47194.     

Liquid crystalline epoxy resin modified cyanate ester/epoxy resin systems

Liquid crystalline epoxy resin (LCE) modify cyanate ester/epoxy resin blend systems were studied by scanning electron microscope, polarizing optical microscope, thermogravimetric analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal mechanical analysis, and rheometers. With the addition of LCE resin, the blends showed both an enhanced curing rate and increased glass transition temperature of cured samples. The phase structures of the blends changed from homogenous to liquid crystalline phase when the content of LCE was increased. At the same time, the mechanical properties were also improved and thermal expansion coefficients were lowed down. The thermal degradation temperatures showed little differences, while the residue char yields were slightly increased with the addition of LCE. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

环氧树脂体系阻燃技术的发展

阐述了改善热固性环氧树脂体系阻燃性能的目的和意义,介绍了环氧树脂体系的阻燃方法。以气相机理和凝聚相机理为基础,讨论了几种常用阻燃剂的阻燃机理。分析了环氧树脂体系阻燃技术的研究现状,指出环氧树脂阻燃技术将向着安全化、复合功能化、新技术化和研究系统化的趋势发展。