ZnO一维纳米材料的研究进展

ZnO一维纳米材料结合ZnO本体性能和纳米尺度效应而具有独特的电、光、磁、机械等性质,在微电子器件和光电器件等领域有广泛的应用前景。综述和分析了ZnO一维纳米材料的最新研究进展,介绍了材料的制备方法、性质和应用前景。     

离子液体在纳米材料合成中的应用

室温离子液体（ionic liquids, ILs）作为一种新型的绿色环保溶剂,由于其特殊的功能化结构及热稳定性好、挥发度低和溶解能力强等特点,目前被广泛应用于纳米材料的制备领域。本文重点介绍了离子液体在纳米材料制备中的应用及相关研究的最新进展,结合一些示例对本领域进行了概述,其中包括离子液体作为溶剂,例如作为反应介质和稳定剂;模板剂,例如利用离子液体的微结构（胶束和囊泡、液晶凝胶、乳液和微乳液）作为纳米材料合成中的模板和软模板;反应物,例如作为反应中的还原剂和反应组分;以及离子液体微乳液在纳米材料制备中的特殊用法进行了总结,并讨论了离子液体在快速发展的纳米材料制备领域中的存在挑战和机遇。     

金包覆的核壳结构纳米材料的制备进展

金、银等贵金属纳米材料具有独特的光学、电学和催化性能以及良好的生物兼容性,其在化学、物理、生物和医学等领域具有广泛的应用。以贵金属纳米金作为核或壳,制备成核壳结构复合纳米材料,这样的核壳材料同时具有核和壳的性质以及其他优越的性能,因此受到研究者的广泛青睐。金包覆纳米颗粒制备核壳结构的方法众多,主要对金包覆所形成的核壳型纳米材料的制备方法进行综述。     

离子液体在纳米材料中的应用进展

离子液体的特殊结构使其具有液态范围宽、溶解能力强、离子传导率高、热稳定性高等优点,它在纳米材料领域中的应用日趋广泛。本文综述了离子液体在纳米材料包括纳米金属、纳米氧化物、纳米导电聚合物的制备方法,纳米材料的改性以及离子液体在合成无溶剂纳米流体中的应用进展。     

液相法合成ZnO纳米材料的研究进展

氧化锌纳米材料是一种面向21世纪的新型精细无机材料.目前,有关ZnO纳米材料的研究已经成为半导体材料研究领域的热点之一.ZnO纳米材料在光学、光电、催化、压电等方面均具有广泛的应用前景.本文对ZnO纳米材料的制备、特性及应用等方面作了概述.     

紫外纳米屏蔽材料的研究及应用进展

综述了常见紫外纳米屏蔽材料的国内外研究进展。介绍了纳米紫外屏蔽材料常见的制备方法,并阐述了纳米ZnO、TiO_2、CeO_2及其复合纳米材料的制备与性能。综述了纳米紫外屏蔽剂在PMMA塑料制品、纺织品、化妆品、颜料及涂料领域的应用。最后对纳米紫外屏蔽材料的研究进行了展望。     

回归模型下的纳米ZnO材料制备及性能分析

纳米材料是将处于纳米级别的颗粒物作为基本单元而制备的材料,在纳米技术不断更新过程中,纳米材料被应用在航空和国防以及生物制药等诸多领域。为提高纳米ZnO材料的性能,研究回归模型下的纳米ZnO材料制备及性能,通过回归模型来确定最佳的纳米ZnO材料制备工艺条件,以达提高性能的目的。选定测试原料与设备,设定纳米ZnO材料制备工艺,确定纳米ZnO材料性能测试。之后建立回归模型确定纳米ZnO材料最佳制备工艺条件,并对该模型进行检验,最后将所制备纳米ZnO材料与市售纳米ZnO材料进行紫外-可见漫反射光谱（DRS）、XRD图谱以及光催化降解性能比较。实验结果表明,所制备纳米ZnO材料结晶度达到75.8%,吸收波长为620nm,有较好的吸收,且50min后降解率达98.95%,活性较高。     

纳米结构ZnOZnO晶体合成方法的研究进展

近年来,纳米结构ZnO在涂料、化妆品、橡胶和复合材料涂层等领域受到了广泛关注.纳米结构ZnO表面具有优异的表面效应与体积效应,故其磁性、光吸收特性、化学活性、催化活性、热阻及熔点等较普通粒子皆发生了很大的变化.纳米结构ZnO的合成方法主要包括水热合成法、化学气相沉积以及溶胶凝胶法.详细介绍了ZnO的结构及其物理性质,论述了几种常见的纳米结构ZnO制备方法,总结了不同制备方法合成纳米结构ZnO的研究进展,最后针对各合成方法的优缺点进行分析.     

模板法制备纳米氧化铜的研究进展

在纳米材料的制备中模板法具有不可替代的地位,模板剂的加入使纳米材料的形貌、结构及尺寸得到有效控制,使得纳米材料拥有更为独特的性能,近几年对于纳米氧化铜的研究仍是热门话题,使氧化铜在各个领域得到了广泛应用。本文简述了模板法在纳米氧化铜制备中的应用情况,把常用的模板剂分为五种模板类型,并做了举例说明和分析总结,最后对模板法制备纳米氧化铜加以展望。     

纳米UV屏蔽透明涂料的研制

对纳米ZnO和SiO2在UV屏蔽涂料中的应用进行了综述。阐述了纳米材料在UV屏蔽涂料中应用的一些初步研究结果。通过对涂料UV屏蔽率的测定,发现纳米ZnO和SiO2能够明显提高涂料的抗UV老化性,并制备了具有UV屏蔽作用的纳米透明涂料。     

功能化离子液体在二氧化碳吸收分离中的应用

吸收及分离二氧化碳是降低碳排放和应对全球气候变化的主要策略之一,这就必然要求全球科技工作者注重开发具有选择性高效吸收分离二氧化碳的新材料和新路线。作为近20多年来发展的一类代表性的新材料,离子液体（尤其是功能化离子液体）具有独特的物理化学性质,例如几乎没有蒸气压、液态温度范围大、热稳定性和化学稳定性好、电化学窗口宽、不可燃、结构-性质可调控等。这些性质使离子液体在二氧化碳吸收及分离领域受到广泛关注。重点综述了近5年（2015~2019）来功能化离子液体吸收分离二氧化碳的研究进展, 主要内容包括单位点离子液体、多位点离子液体、基于功能化离子液体的混合物、功能化离子液体杂化材料对二氧化碳的吸收分离。同时, 对目前该领域的发展所面临的主要问题和进一步的研究工作进行了分析讨论。     

Recent Research Progress of Ionic Liquid Dissolving Silks for Biomedicine and Tissue Engineering Applications

Ionic liquids (ILs) show a bright application prospect in the field of biomedicine and energy materials due to their unique recyclable, modifiability, structure of cation and anion adjustability, as well as excellent physical and chemical properties. Dissolving silk fibroin (SF), from different species silkworm cocoons, with ILs is considered an effective new way to obtain biomaterials with highly enhanced/tailored properties, which can significantly overcome the shortcomings of traditional preparation methods, such as the cumbersome, time-consuming and the organic toxicity caused by manufacture. In this paper, the basic structure and properties of SF and the preparation methods of traditional regenerated SF solution are first introduced. Then, the dissolving mechanism and main influencing factors of ILs for SF are expounded, and the fabrication methods, material structure and properties of SF blending with natural biological protein, inorganic matter, synthetic polymer, carbon nanotube and graphene oxide in the ILs solution system are introduced. Additionally, our work summarizes the biomedicine and tissue engineering applications of silk-based materials dissolved through various ILs. Finally, according to the deficiency of ILs for dissolving SF at a high melting point and expensive cost, their further study and future development trend are prospected.     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Enzyme performance in ionic liquids

Ionic liquids (ILs) having unique properties such as no measurable vapor pressure, nonflammability and a wide temperature range of liquid phase have been recognized as potential green solvents. As a result, ILs have been extensively explored as reaction media for various biocatalytic reactions over a decade. Enzyme activities in ILs are generally comparable with or higher than those observed in conventional organic solvents. Furthermore, enhanced thermal and operational stabilities and regio- or enantioselectivities have been observed in many cases. Thus, ILs offer new possibilities for the application of solvent engineering to biocatalytic reactions. This review discusses the effect of physicochemical properties of ILs on biocatalysis with respect to enzyme activity, stability and selectivity by systematizing literature data on enzyme-catalyzed reaction in ILs.     

离子液体法再生纤维素纤维制造技术及发展趋势

首先概述了再生纤维素纤维制造技术的发展历史,总结了以天然纤维素为原料的黏胶纤维、Lyocell纤维和离子液体纤维（Ioncell）及其技术发展现状。重点介绍了这三种再生纤维素纤维的性能、应用领域及市场前景,并比较了其生产工艺,包括纺丝原液的制备、纺丝工艺、溶剂回收等。与黏胶纤维相比,Lyocell 纤维和Ioncell纤维在溶解纤维素及干喷湿纺纺丝方面具有独特的优势。进一步对该类技术的重点和难点,如纺丝原液的连续制备和溶剂的高效回收进行了分析。与Lyocell纤维使用的NMMO溶剂相比,Ioncell纤维使用的离子液体具有离子液体可设计等优点,可根据纤维素原料的不同来源,设计合成对纤维素具有更好的溶解能力而无降解特征且环境友好的离子液体溶剂,同时对温度、金属离子具有很好的稳定性,为发展新一代纤维素绿色制造技术提供了新途径。另外,对Ioncell纤维存在的问题也进行了详细的分析,提出了未来拟开展的重点研究方向和拟解决的关键难题。     

Carbon nanomaterial–ionic liquid hybrids

Carbon nanomaterial–ionic liquid hybrids represent a very interesting class of materials because of their exceptional properties and potential use in a wide range of application fields. Their unique properties, arising from the synergistic combination of both components, can be exploited as elements of electrochemical and energy storage devices, as supports for catalysis and as nanofillers for polymeric composites. Owing to the specific interactions between ionic liquids (ILs) and carbon nanomaterials, the surface properties of the nanomaterials can be modified, leading to their improved dispersion in various media, thus providing an alternative solution to the most fundamental problem in processing of these materials. Since the discovery of bucky gel, the synthesis and processing methods of carbon nanotube–ionic liquid (CNT–IL) hybrids have been extensively studied. This review is aimed at giving an overview of the main synthetic routes and potential applications of CNT–IL hybrids. Graphene has lately emerged as a promising material, and received world-wide attention due to its exceptional properties. The synthesis of graphene-IL hybrids and the role of IL in the exfoliation process of graphene sheets are also discussed along with the potential applications of these new materials.     

Production of silk fibroin nanoparticles using ionic liquids and high‐power ultrasounds

Biopolymeric nanoparticles have attracted great research interest in the last few years due to their multiple applications. This article describes how high‐power ultrasounds are capable of enhancing the dissolution process of silk proteins in ionic liquids (ILs) and how silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNs) can be obtained directly from the silk/ionic liquid solution (SIL) by rapid desolvation in polar organic solvents. The silk fibroin integrity is highly preserved during the dissolution process, as confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) of the SIL. These regenerated SFNs are insoluble in water and other common organic solvents and are indistinguishable from the classical SFNs with respect to their diameter (180 ± 5 nm), Zeta potential (?25 ± 3 mV), high degree of β‐sheet and low cytotoxicity. Large amounts of silk can be turned into biomaterials directly from the SIL solution for use in a wide range of applications, while the ILs can be recovered from the coagulant solution under reduced pressure and reused without loss of their solvent properties. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41702.     

离子液体在纳米纤维素制备中的应用进展

纳米纤维素因其优异的性能和独特的结构在很多领域都受到了关注,其制备和应用已成为相关领域的研究热点。目前纳米纤维素的制备方法众多,但依然面临着较大的挑战。离子液体因其对木质纤维素优良的溶解性能及可回收性,在纳米纤维素制备中展现了较大的潜力。基于此,综述了离子液体在纳米纤维素制备方面的应用进展,重点介绍了离子液体作为预处理手段在纳米纤维素制备方面的应用现状,以及作为溶剂和催化剂直接水解制备纳米纤维素方面的研究进展,并对制备过程中离子液体的回收情况进行了简单概述。     

离子液体热物理性质与相行为预测的基团贡献法

离子液体（ILs）由于其优越的性能目前已成为多个领域的研究热点,但热力学基础数据的缺乏是其应用的障碍之一,除实验测定外,基团贡献法也为设计和筛选ILs提供了重要的性质预测方法。概述了预测纯ILs的熔点、黏度、密度、热容、电导率、声速、生态毒性、界面性质、临界性质、传递性质等一系列热物理性质的基团贡献方法,同时对含有ILs混合体系相行为的基团贡献估算模型进行了评述,展望了基团贡献法今后需进一步努力的方向。     

Photoinitiated polymerization in ionic liquids and its application

Ionic liquids (ILs) are low‐melting organic salts often liquid at room temperature, whose unique properties are the reason of increasing interest for their applications as solvents, reaction media and functional additives. The exceptional properties of ILs have proved to be particularly useful in polymer science giving the potential to produce polymeric materials with improved properties or to immobilize ILs in polymer matrices while keeping their special characteristics. One of the possibilities is polymerization in ILs which can also affect positively polymerization reactions. An especially attractive technique is photopolymerization due to the ease of process control, short reaction time and ambient working temperature. This review gives a literature survey of developments in photopolymerization processes carried out in ILs as well as applications of these processes. It covers both the photopolymerization in ILs as well as photopolymerization of IL monomers. The first part presents a short overview of physicochemical and photochemical properties of ILs; it includes also photochemical reactions and photoinitiation of polymerization in ILs. The second part covers both the basic research (kinetics of photopolymerization including polymerization rate coefficients and polymerization of IL monomers) as well as applications of UV‐induced polymerization in ILs. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry