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通过降解过程的质量损失率、相对分子质量及其分布、热性能、表面形貌等评价手段,重点考察了Aspergillus niger脂肪酶对聚丁二酸乙二醇酯(PES)和聚(丁二酸乙二醇-共-对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)(PEST)的降解性能。结果表明:PES在脂肪酶溶液中具有较好的生物降解性能,随着对苯二甲酸摩尔含量的增加,PEST的质量损失率呈现先增加后逐渐减少的趋势;随着酶解时间的延长,残留部分的PES、PEST的相对分子质量均呈下降趋势;残留部分的PES、PEST的熔点随降解时间的延长变化不大,熔融热焓有所增加;聚酯薄膜表面产生了不同程度的沟槽、孔洞和裂纹。可以推测,PES及PEST的生物降解首先发生在无定形区,并且大分子链段发生的是随机断裂。 相似文献
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可生物降解聚酯的结构与性能 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以聚丙交酯为代表讨论了可生物降解聚酯纤维的结构特征与生物降解性能,对聚酯类纤维生物降解的机理,影响因素进行分析,指出聚合物的分子质量及分子链结构、聚集态结构、环境的温度,湿度,pH值及酶种类等因素对其降解性能有明显的影响,合理控制这些因素,可对其降解速度实现人为控制,以适应不同用途的需要。 相似文献
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以癸二酸(SeA)、对苯二甲酸(TPA)和丁二醇(BDO)为单体,采用先酯化后缩聚的两步法合成了聚(癸二酸丁二醇-co-对苯二甲酸丁二醇)共聚酯(PBSeT)。研究SeA与TPA摩尔比(100:0、90:10、70:30、50:50、30:70、10:90)的变化对共聚酯结构、热性能、力学性能和降解性能的影响。所合成聚酯的重均分子量(Mw)在178300~214277g/mol范围内。随着刚性单体TPA含量的增加,共聚酯的Tm、Tc呈现出先降低后升高的趋势,其中PBSeT(50:50)结晶能力最弱;当TPA含量由10mol%增加至90mol%时,共聚酯的Tg逐渐增加;共聚酯具有较为接近的热稳定性。当共聚酯刚性单体TPA含量较高时,共聚酯呈现较高的拉伸强度,其中PBSeT(30:70)的拉伸强度最大,为53.0MPa;PBSeT(50:50)的断裂伸长率最大,达到1040%。PBSeT均为典型的假塑性流体;随着角频率增加,共聚酯的复数黏度、储存模量和损耗模量逐渐增加。黑曲霉菌降解实验表明,随着TPA单体含量的增加,共聚酯的降解能力大致呈降低的趋势。 相似文献
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通过改变二乙醇酸(DGA)的含量,将其与乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇进行缩聚反应,得到了P(ES-co-DGA)和P(BS-co-DGA)共聚物,采用1H-NMR表征化学结构,并对共聚物的相对分子质量(Mn)、热性能、力学性能、降解性等进行比较研究。结果表明:随着DGA的增加,两种共聚物的熔点(Tm)均呈下降趋势,但P(ES-co-DGA)的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)逐渐升高,P(BS-co-DGA)的Tg却变化不大;所有共聚物的热分解温度(Td)(失重2%)均在300℃左右。当DGA含量为50%时,P(BS-co-DGA)的最大断裂伸长率可达到921%;当DGA含量为20%时,P(ES-co-DGA)的最大断裂伸长率可达到853%。随着DGA的增加,P(BS-co-DGA)的降解速率增大;当DGA含量为10%以上时,P(BS-co-DGA)的降解性能逐渐降低。 相似文献
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In the present study, the kinetics of copolymerization reaction of propylene oxide (PO) and butylene oxide (BO) with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in the presence of BF3 · O(C2H5)2 catalyst were investigated. The kinetic parameters and activation energy of the copolymerization reaction were calculated. The amounts of reacting PO, BO, and GMA during copolymerization were determined by chromatographic method, because the same copolymerization conditions were carried out for them. It was determined that the copolymerization rate of PO (r0) and BO (r0) was higher than that of GMA, but activation energy (E) of GMA was higher than that of PO and BO. The rate of reaction, the rate constant, and activation energy were calculated from the amount of copolymer obtained with respect to time. The structures of synthesized copolymers were determined by the spectral and chemical analysis methods. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 相似文献
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Various poly(p-phenylene alkylene dicarboxylates) (PPADs) were synthesized and their crystallization behavior was examined as functions of the length and the odd/even numbers of carbon atoms in the aliphatic component. PPADs with longer aliphatic units of even-numbered carbon atoms were found to crystallize faster than do those of other cases. The results are compared with the crystallization behavior of conventional poly(alkylene terephthalate)s (PATs), e.g., poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), which have the same chemical composition as the corresponding PPAD but the reversed direction of the ester group. The effects of this structural difference on the melting temperature and the crystallization kinetics are also discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 1575–1582, 1997 相似文献
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聚丁二酸丁二醇酯的共聚改性 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
分别以乙二醇、己二醇、己二酸作为聚丁二酸丁二醇酯的共聚组分,合成了丁二酸丁二醇酯丁二酸乙二醇酯共聚物、丁二酸丁二醇酯丁二酸己二醇酯共聚物、丁二酸丁二醇酯己二酸丁二醇酯共聚物。用FT-IR和^1H-NMR对其进行了结构表征;GPC测试表明改性产物均具有较高的相对分子质量;DSC测试表明其熔点和结晶度较均聚物低,其拉伸强度有所降低,但断裂伸长率显著提高。 相似文献
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采用差示扫描量热(DSC)法对聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)的非等温冷结晶动力学进行研究;通过改变升温速率,讨论了PEN冷结晶起始温度与峰顶温度之间存在差值的原因;对比了两种不同的冷结晶起始点的确定方法对冷结晶动力学常数的影响。结果表明:以DSC曲线偏离基线作为PEN冷结晶的起始点,得到的表观Avrami指数很大;用基线延长线与DSC曲线的切线的交点作为冷结晶的起始点和结束点,得到的表观Avrami指数为2.55,且不随升温速率的变化而变化,与等温熔融热结晶方法得到的结果接近,具有相似的结晶生长方式。 相似文献
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Biodegradable/alternate/poly(amide‐anhydrides), [? C(O)PhNHC(O)(CH2) nC(O)O? ] x, were synthesized by melt polycondensation, where n was 2, 3 or 4. The polymers have been characterized by NMR, DSC, wide‐angle X‐ray diffractometry and fluorometry. All the polymers are amorphous and their Tg ranges from 60 to 80 °C. Poly(p‐(carboxyethylformamido)benzoic anhydride) (PCEFB) as a film or in solution in chloroform can emit strong fluorescence, which was not observed for the other two polyanhydrides (n = 3, 4). The maximum emission wavelength varies with the excitation wavelength, 480 and 520 nm at the excitation wavelength of 470 nm, and 430 nm at 356 nm. In addition, the fluorescence intensities increase linearly with the molecular weight of PCEFB. Such inherent fluorescing properties of PCEFB, together with its biodegradability, make the polymer a potential visible matrix for drug delivery. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Renata V. Pires Roberta S. Oliveira Elizabete F. Lucas Andre L. Martins 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2011,119(5):2502-2510
This article reports the results of experiments to synthesize a family of copolymers based on polyacrylamide (PAAM), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) to obtain PAAM‐g‐PEO and PAAM‐g‐PPO copolymers with varied grafted chain lengths and contents. The influence of the chemical structure, composition, and molecular architecture on the drag‐reduction properties was evaluated. The PAAM‐g‐PEO systems were prepared by solution polymerization using hydrogen peroxide as initiator, whereas the PAAM‐g‐PPO systems were obtained by micellar polymerization using potassium persulfate as initiator and sodium dodecyl sulfate as surfactant agent. The synthesized polymers were characterized by carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13 C‐NMR) and size‐exclusion chromatography. The drag‐reduction tests were carried out in a capillary viscosimeter in bench scale, and the performance was expressed in terms of drag‐reduction percentage (%DR). The results suggest that, a determined chemical structure for each copolymer family evaluated probably promotes the ideal conformation of the chains under flow, favoring each polymer's drag‐reduction action. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011 相似文献
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高相对分子质量聚丁二酸丁二醇酯的合成与表征 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:13
以丁二酸和丁二醇为原料,十氢萘为溶剂,在140~200℃反应12~14 h,进行直接聚合,合成了高相对分子质量聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)。用FTIR和1HNMR确定了产物为预期化学结构。考察了6种催化剂的催化效果,结果表明,催化剂的催化效果按SnC l2>Ti(OBu)4>Ti(iOPr)4>Sn(Oct)2>Zn(Ac)2≈p-TS顺序递减,SnC l2具有最高的催化效率,以它为催化剂得到的PBS数均相对分子质量达到79 000,产率达到96.0%。当PBS的数均相对分子质量达到40 000以上时,具有很好的力学性能,拉伸强度达到35 MPa,可代替通用塑料。PBS具有良好的生物降解性能,在45 d时生物降解量达到49%,可用作生物降解材料。 相似文献