Platanus orientalis leaves based hierarchical porous carbon microspheres as high efficiency adsorbents for organic dyes removal

Water contamination caused by hazardous organic dyes has drawn considerable attention, among all of the techniques released, adsorption has been widely used, which however to a large degree is dependent on the development of high efficiency adsorbents. Waste biomass based porous carbon is becoming the new star class of adsorbents, and thus contribute more to the sustainable development of the society. In this work, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, abundant waste fallen Platanus orientalis leaves are employed as the raw material for hierarchical activated porous carbon(APC) microspheres via a mild hydrothermal carbonization(210 °C,12.0 h) followed by one-step calcination(750 °C, 1.0 h). The APC microspheres exhibit a specific surface area of1355.53 m~2·g~(-1) and abundant functional groups such as O—H and C=O. Furthermore, the APC microspheres are used as the adsorbents for removal of Rh B and MO, with the maximum adsorption capabilities of 557.06 mg·g~(-1) and 327.49 mg·g~(-1), respectively, higher than those of the most porous carbon originated from biomass. The adsorption rates rapidly approach to 98.2%(Rh B) and 95.4%(MO) within 10 min. The adsorption data can be well fitted by Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, meanwhile the intra-particle diffusion and Boyd models simultaneously indicate that the diffusion within the pores is the main rate-limiting step. Besides, the APC microspheres also demonstrate good recyclability, and may also be applied to other areas such as heterogeneous catalysis and energy storage.     

Protein-derived nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon for efficient adsorptive removal of heavy metals

A nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon has been synthesized employing egg white as a sustainable protein-rich precursor. According to CHNS elemental analysis, N, S and O heteroatoms accounted for mass fractions of 3.66%, 2.28% and 19.29% respectively, and the types of surface functionalities were further characterized by FT-IR and XPS measurements. Although the carbon possessed a smaller surface area (815 m²·g^-1) compared to a commercial activated carbon (1100 m²·g^-1), its adsorption capacity towards Co²⁺ reached 320.3 mg·g^-1, which was over 8 times higher compared to the limited 34.0 mg·g^-1 over the activate carbon. Furthermore, the carbon was found to be an efficient adsorbent towards a series of metal ions including VO²⁺, Cr³⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺. Combined with its environmental merits, the protein derived carbon may be a promising candidate for heavy metal pollution control.     

Superb VOCs capture engineering carbon adsorbent derived from shaddock peel owning uncompromising thermal-stability and adsorption property

High applied thermal-stability and superior structural property for activated carbon adsorbent are extremely promising, which also is the determining short slab in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) adsorption applications. Herein, we develop the outstanding engineering carbon adsorbents from waste shaddock peel which affords greatly-enhanced thermal-stability and super structural property (S_Lang?=?4962.6?m²·g^-1, V_micro?=?1.67?cm³·g^-1). Such character endows the obtained adsorbent with ultrahigh adsorption capture performance of VOCs specific to benzene (16.58?mmol·g^-1) and toluene (15.50?mmol·g^-1), far beyond traditional zeolite and activated carbon even MOFs materials. The structural expression characters were accurately correlated with excellent adsorption efficiency of VOCs by studying synthetic factor-controlling comparative samples. Ulteriorly, adsorption selectivity prediction at different relative humidity was demonstrated through DIH (difference of the isosteric heats), exceedingly highlighting great superiority (nearly sixfold) in selective adsorption of toluene compared to volatile benzene. Our findings provide the possibility for practical industrial application and fabrication of waste biomass-derived outstanding biochar adsorbent in the environmental treatment of threatening VOCs pollutants.     

A high-performance biochar produced from bamboo pyrolysis with in-situ nitrogen doping and activation for adsorption of phenol and methylene blue

Nitrogen doping is a promising method for the preparation of functional carbon materials. In this study, a nitrogen-doped porous coral biochar was prepared by using bamboo as raw material, urea as nitrogen source, and KHCO³ as green activator through in-situ pyrolysis. The structure of the obtained biochar was characterized by various techniques including nitrogen adsorption and desorption, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, and etc. The adsorption properties of nitrogen-doped biochar were evaluated with phenol and methylene blue probes. The results showed that the nitrogen source ratio had a significant effect on the evolution of pore structure of biochar. Low urea addition ratio was beneficial to the development of pore structures. The optimum specific surface area of nitrogen-doped biochar could be up to 1693 m²·g^-1. Nitrogen doping can effectively improve the adsorption capacity of biochar to phenol and methylene blue. Biochar prepared at 973.15 K with low urea addition ratio exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for phenol and methylene blue, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 169.0 mg·g^-1 and 499.3 mg·g^-1, respectively. By comparing the adsorption capacity of various adsorbents in related fields, it is proved that the nitrogen-doped biochar prepared in this study has a good adsorption effect.     

Superhigh selective capture of volatile organic compounds exploiting cigarette butts-derived engineering carbonaceous adsorbent

Herein, we develop cost-efficient superhigh-performance of engineering carbonaceous adsorbent from cigarette butts using combined wet-impregnated and re-dispersed method of KOH, which optimizes the implant approach of activator, breaking the restriction of selective capture of toluene using traditional activated carbon. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and pore volume of targeted adsorbent can attain 3088 m²·g^-1 and 1.61 cm³·g^-1, respectively, by optimizing the temperature-dependent synthetic factor effect of the adsorbent. The adsorption capacity of resultant adsorbent for presenting volatile benzene and toluene shows a positive correlation with increasing carbonization temperature of carbon precursor. Besides, we demonstrated the unsmoked and smoked butts derived adsorbents afford feeble difference in saturated adsorbed capacity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The highest adsorption capacity of sample CF-800 for benzene and toluene in CF group is as high as 1268.1 and 1181.6 mg·g^-1 respectively, slightly higher than that of sample UF-800, but far outperforming reported other adsorbents. The predicted adsorption selectivity of CF-800 and UF-800 for C₇H₈/H₂O (g) using the DIH (difference of isosteric heats) equation reach up to ca. 3800 and 7500 respectively, indicating the weak adsorbability of water vapor on the developed adsorbent and greater superiority of the smoked butts derived adsorbents in selective capture of VOCs at low relative humidity in the competitive adsorption process for practical mixed VOCs.     

Boosting selective C2H2/CH4, C2H4/CH4 and CO2/CH4 adsorption performance via 1,2,3-triazole functionalized triazine-based porous organic polymers

Nitrogen-rich porous organic polymers have shown great potentials in gas adsorption/separation, photocatalysis, electrochemistry, sensing and so on. Herein, 1,2,3-triazole functionalized triazine-based porous organic polymers (TT-POPs) have been synthesized by the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (Cu-AAC) polymerization reactions of 1,3,5-tris(4-azidophenyl)-triazine with 1,4-diacetylene benzene and 1,3,5-triacetylenebenzene, respectively. The characterizations of N₂ adsorption at 77 K show TT-POPs possess permanent porosity with BET surface areas of 666 m²·g^-1 (TT-POP-1) and 406 m²·g^-1 (TT-POP-2). The adsorption capacities of TT-POPs for CO₂, CH₄, C₂H₂ and C₂H₄, as well as the selective separation abilities of CO₂/N₂, CO₂/CH₄, C₂H₂/CH₄ and C₂H₄/CH₄ were evaluated. The gas selective separation ratio of TT-POPs was calculated by the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) method, wherein the selective separation ratios of C₂H₂/CH₄ and C₂H₄/CH₄ of TT-POP-2 was 48.4 and 13.6 (298 K, 0.1 MPa), which is comparable to other adsorbents (5.6-120.6 for C₂H₂/CH₄, 10-26 for C₂H₄/CH₄). This work shows that the 1,2,3-triazole functionalized triazine-based porous organic polymer has a good application prospect in natural gas purification.     

Preparation and property of porous hydroxyapatite as an inorganic dispersant used in suspension polymerization

The porous hydroxyapatite (HAP) for suspension polymerization dispersant was prepared using calcium carbonate and phosphoric acid as raw materials. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET nitrogen adsorption. The results show that the prepared HAP has a porous structure, low particle density, large specific surface area, uniform particle size and does not agglomerate easily between the particles. The preparation conditions for the HAP were optimized as follows: solid content of calcium carbonate aqueous suspension 90 g/L, concentration of phosphoric acid 1.0 mol/L, reaction/aging temperature 50°C, and aging time 3 h. The HAP prepared under optimal preparation conditions has 106.8 m²·g^-1 of specific surface area, which is about 1.5–1.8 times as much as that of Japanese HAP or commercial HAP. Its application result in the suspension polymerization of styrene show that the porous HAP dispersant has high surface activity, excellent suspension dispersibility and stability and can markedly improve the quality of polystyrene beads.     

Egg shell waste as an activation agent for the manufacture of porous carbon

Egg shell waste was used as an activation agent directly for the manufacture of a biomass-derived porous carbon,which possessed a surface area of 626 m~2·g~(-1) and was rich in nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen functionalities. The activation mechanism was proposed, and the carbon showed its potential to act as an adsorbent for the adsorptive removal of various contaminants from both aqueous and non-aqueous solutions, possessing maximum adsorption capacities of 195.9, 185.1, 125.5 and 44.6 mg·g~(-1) for sulfamethoxazole, methyl orange, diclofenac sodium and dibenzothiophene, respectively. Through the utilization of egg shell waste as a sustainable activation agent, this work may help to make the widely applied biomass-derived porous carbons more economical and ecological.     

Additive manufacturing of sodalite monolith for continuous heavy metal removal from water sources

Herein, we present a simple strategy for preparing monolithic sodalite adsorbents via sequential additive manufacturing and post-treatments. In detail, the method includes (i) 3D printing of cylindrical monoliths using clay as the base material; (ii) thermal activation of the 3D-printed clay monoliths by calcination (to produce reactive alumina and silica species and enable mechanical stabilization); (iii) conversion of the activated clay monoliths to hierarchical porous sodalite monoliths via hydrothermal alkaline treatment. Parametric studies on the effect of calcination temperature, alkaline concentration and hydrothermal treatment time on the property of the resulting materials (such as phase composition and morphology) at different stages of preparation was conducted. Under the optimal conditions (i.e., calcination temperature of 850℃, NaOH concentration of 3.3 mol·L^-1, reaction temperature of 150℃, and reaction time of 6 h), a high-quality pure sodalite monolith was obtained, which possesses a relatively high BET surface area (58 m²·g^-1) and hierarchically micro-meso-macroporous structure. In the proposed application of continuous removal of heavy metals (chromium ion as the model) from wastewater, the developed 3D-printed sodalite monolith showed excellent Cr³⁺ removal performance and fast kinetics (~98% removal efficiency within 25 cycles), which outperformed the packed bed using sodalite pellets (made by extrusion).     

纳米腐殖酸基离子交换复合树脂动态吸附-脱附冶金镍镉废水

系统研究了纳米腐殖酸基离子交换复合树脂在多离子共存体系中对Ni²⁺/Cd²⁺的选择吸附性能。以此为基础,通过多柱串联、饱和吸附、洗脱液套用方法完成了对Ni²⁺、Cd²⁺冶金废水资源化治理研究,用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TG-DTA)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)及N₂吸附-脱附分析仪(BET)等物理手段对复合树脂的微观形貌、化学结构、耐热性、元素组分变化及孔径分布进行表征。研究结果表明:纳米腐殖酸基复合树脂对Ni²⁺、Cd²⁺离子具有吸附速度快[0.55～1.50 mg·(g·min)^-1]、交换容量高(Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺共存体系中对Ni²⁺、Cd²⁺吸附容量分别为139 mg·g^-1和148 mg·g^-1)、选择性能好等优点,回收溶液中镍和镉离子浓度和纯度高(分别为45.15 g·L^-1和 39.17g·L^-1,且C_Ni(Ⅱ)/C_total 0.989,C_Cd(Ⅱ)/C_total 0.994);吸附-洗脱200次后,其物理、化学结构性能稳定;断面形貌变化不明显,交换容量基本不变,可重复使用;比表面积、平均孔径及孔容分别为1189.85 m²·g^-1、30.2 nm 和0.96 cm³·g^-1,热稳定性能好;氮含量从16%降至12%、氧含量由26.49%升至29.96%,交换容量由5.38mmol·g^-1升至6.06 mmol·g^-1。     

CO2-hierarchical activated carbon prepared from coal gasification residue: Adsorption equilibrium,isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies for methylene blue removal

Mineral matter in a residue(RC G) from coal gasification(CG) was removed by two-stage acid leaching. Hierarchical activated carbon(HAC) was prepared by activating RC Gwith CO_2. The performance of HAC on removing methylene blue(MB) from an aqueous solution was investigated. HAC was characterized by N_2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that HAC exhibits hierarchical pore structure with high specific surface area(862.76 m~2·g~(-1)) and total pore volume(0.684 cm~3·g~(-1)), and abundant organic functional groups. The adsorption equilibrium data of MB on HAC are best fitted to the Redlich-Peterson. The kinetic data show that the pseudo-first-order model is more suitable at low MB concentration, while the advantages of the pseudo-second-orderand the Elovich models are more obvious as the concentration increases. According to the thermodynamic parameters, the HAC-MB adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic.     

Synthesis of micro/meso porous carbon for ultrahigh hydrogen adsorption using cross-linked polyaspartic acid

In addition to the specific surface area, surface topography and characteristics such as the pore size, pore size distribution, and micro/mesopores ratio are factors that determine the performance of porous carbons (PCs) in the fields of energy, catalysis, and adsorption. Based on the mechanism of weight loss of polyaspartic acid at high temperatures, this study provided a new method for adjusting the surface morphology of PCs by changing the cross-linking ratio of the precursor, where cross-linked polyaspartic acid was used as precursor without additional activating agents. N₂ adsorption analysis indicated that the specific surface area of the obtained PCs was as high as 1458 m²·g^–1, of which 1200 m²·g^–1 was the contribution of the microporous area and the highest pore volume was 1.13 cm³·g^–1, of which the micropore volume was 0.636 cm³·g^–1. The thermogravimetric analysis results of the precursor, and also the scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller analysis results of the carbonization product confirmed that the prepared PCs presented multilevel pore structure, and the diameters of most pores were 0.78 and 3.97 nm; moreover, the pore size distribution was relatively uniform. This conferred the PCs the ultrahigh hydrogen adsorption capacity of up to 4.52 wt-% at 77 K and 1.13 bar, in addition to their great energy storage and catalytic potential.     

Synthesis of silica powder with high pore volume by skeleton reinforcement

In this paper, a method composed of gelation of basic skeleton (first step) and skeleton reinforcement process (second step) was introduced to synthesize silica powder with high pore volume through the reaction between water glass and sulfuric acid. No organic solvents were involved in the entire preparation process and the final product was collected by spray drying. The effect of concentration of base solution, gelation point pH value and skeleton reinforcement time on the BET specific surface area and pore volume of the prepared silica powder were investigated intensively. The results show that, a basic skeleton with good dispersibility and high porosity was obtained when the concentration of base solution was 0.1 mol·L^-1 and the gelation pH value reached 6.5. Then the basic skeleton grew into a more uniform porous structure after 30 min skeleton reinforcement. Under these optimum conditions, silica powder prepared by skeleton reinforcement method had a BET specific surface area of 358.0 m²·g^-1, and its pore volume reached 2.18 cm³·g^-1, which was much higher than that of prepared by skeleton-free method (1.62 cm³·g^-1) and by direct gelation method (0.31 cm³·g^-1).     

Stellerite-seeded facile synthesis of zeolite X with excellent aqueous Cd2+ and Ni2+ adsorption performance

Zeolite X was synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method using natural stellerite zeolite as the silicon seed, and its adsorption performance for Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions was experimentally and comprehensively investigated. The effects of pH, zeolite X dosage, contact time, and temperature on adsorption performance for Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions over were studied. The adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous, and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Langmuir isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacitiesfor Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions at 298 K were 173.553 and 75.897 mg·g^-1, respectively. Ion exchange and precipitation were the principal mechanisms for the removal of Cd²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions by zeolite X, followed by electrostatic adsorption. Ion exchange was the principal mechanisms for the removal of Ni²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions by zeolite X, followed by electrostatic adsorption and precipitation. The zeolite X converted from stellerite zeolite has a low n(Si/Al), abundant hydroxyl groups, and high crystallinity and purity, imparting a good adsorption performance for Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions. This study suggests that zeolite X converted from stellerite zeolite could be a useful environmentally-friendly and effective tool for the removal of Cd²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions from aqueous solutions.     

海胆状Fe3O4@TiO2磁性纳米介质对Pb2+的选择吸附特性

耦合溶胶-凝胶技术与水热法,制备具有核壳结构的海胆状Fe₃O₄@TiO₂磁性纳米介质（sea urchin magnetic nanoparticles,SUMNPs）。采用TEM、SEM等方法对SUMNPs的形貌等性质进行表征,证实该材料呈现出以Fe₃O₄为核,以TiO₂为壳的海胆状结构,壳层直径约400 nm,比表面积高达236.082 m²·g^-1,表面孔径约6.274 nm。SUMNPs对重金属离子选择吸附的结果表明,基于Pb²⁺离子半径大、电子层数多等物化特点,在Pb²⁺、Cu²⁺、Ni²⁺、Zn²⁺、Cd²⁺ 5种金属离子混合体系中,SUMNPs可以高容量、高选择性快速吸附Pb²⁺,而对其他4种重金属离子几乎无吸附活性。单一Pb²⁺吸附可在5 min内快速平衡,平衡吸附容量为283 mg·g^-1。吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,SUMNPs对Pb²⁺的最大饱和吸附容量为458.72 mg·g^-1。经EDTA二钠解吸,NaOH再生后的SUNMPs可以重复使用8次以上。SUMNPs对Pb²⁺具备优异的选择性吸附性能,在处理水体铅污染、恢复水体生态领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Spongy acetylenic carbon material prepared by ball milling CaC2 and chlorinated rubber — Its mercury adsorption and electrochemical property

Design and preparation of novel advanced carbon materials with unique architecture and functional groups is of great significance. Herein, a spongy acetylenic carbon material (SACM) was prepared through mechanochemical reaction of CaC₂ and chlorinated rubber in a planetary ball mill at ambient temperature. Its composition and structure were characterized, and its electrochemical properties and adsorption performance for Hg²⁺ were studied. The SACM is composed of submicron spongy aggregates with high carbon content (81.8%) and specific area (503.9 m²·g^-1), rich porosity and acetylenic groups. The SACM exhibits excellent adsorption for Hg²⁺ with saturated adsorption amount being 157.1 mg·g^-1, which is superior to conventional carbon materials. Further, it exhibits good electrochemical performance with low equivalent series resistance (0.50 Ω), excellent cycling stability and ideal double layer capacitive behavior. This paper provides a novel and universal synthesis method of spongy carbon materials, and better results can be expected through tuning the pore structure, graphitization degree, and heteroatoms of the target carbon materials.     

Mechanically activated starch magnetic microspheres for Cd(Ⅱ) adsorption from aqueous solution

Magnetic starch microspheres(AAM-MSM) were synthesized via an inverse emulsion graft copolymerization by using mechanically activated cassava starch(MS) as a crude material, acrylic acid(AA) and acrylamide(AM) as graft copolymer monomers, and methyl methacrylate(MMA) as the dispersing agent and used as an adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometry(VSM) were used to characterize the AAM-MSM adsorbent. The results indicated that AA, AM, and MMA were grafted to the MS, and the Fe_3 O_4 nanoparticles were encapsulated in the AAM-MSM adsorbent microspheres.The adsorbent exhibited a smooth surface, uniform size, and good sphericity because of the addition of the MMA and provided more adsorption sites for the Cd(II) ions. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd(II) on the AAM-MSM was 39.98 mg·g~(-1). The adsorbents were superparamagnetic, and the saturation magnetization was 16.7 A·m~2·kg~(-1). Additionally, the adsorption isotherms and kinetics of the adsorption process were further investigated. The process of Cd(II) ions adsorbed onto the AAM-MSM could be described more favorably by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isothermal adsorption models, which suggested that the chemical reaction process dominated the adsorption process for the Cd(II) and chemisorption was the rate-controlling step during the Cd(II) removal process.     

Beta-cyclodextrin adsorbents to remove water pollutants—a commentary

Beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbent is a promising adsorbent because it has unique characteristics and able to form host-guest complexes with various organic compounds. Adsorption using beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbent has continuously improved by various preparation strategies and crosslinking agents. This commentary aims to highlight the preparation strategies, properties, and adsorption mechanisms of beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents. The adsorbents can be generally classified according to the preparation methods and display high adsorption capacity especially for dyes. Particularly, composite/nanocomposite beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents exhibit outstanding adsorption capacity even though the surface area is lower than that of porous and magnetic beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents. The beta-cyclodextrin/chitosan functionalized graphene oxide hydrogel with specific surface of 17.6 m²·g^–1 yields an extraordinarily maximum adsorption capacity of 1499 mg·g^–1 methylene blue, while beta-cyclodextrin/chitosan modified with iron(II, III) oxide nanoparticles displays a much greater maximum adsorption capacity at 2780 mg·g^–1. The hydrophobic interaction, functional groups, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interaction govern the adsorption to a greater capacity. Although this commentary is not exhaustive, the preparation strategies and illustrated mechanisms provide useful insights into the adsorbent–adsorbate interactions, cost-effective analysis, challenges, and future directions of beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents in wastewater treatment.     

Faujasite zeolite decorated with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for improving removal and reuse in Pb2+ ions adsorption

Water pollution caused by heavy metals ions has been gaining attention in recent years, increasing the interest in the development of methodologies for their efficient removal focusing on the adsorption process for these purposes. The current challenge faced by adsorption processes is the adequate adsorbent immobilization for removal and reuse. Thus, the present work aimed at producing a faujasite zeolite nanocomposite decorated with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for Pb~(2+) ions adsorption in an aqueous medium improving magnetic removal and reuse.As a result, a high surface area(434.4 m~2·g~(-1)) for the nanocomposite and an 18.93 emu·g~(-1) saturation magnetization value were obtained, indicating magnetic removal in a promising material for adsorption process. The nanocomposite regeneration capacity evaluated by magnetic recovery after 24 h suspension presented a high Pb~(2+) ion adsorptive capacity(98.4%) in the first cycle. Around 98% of the Pb~(2+) ions were adsorbed in the second cycle. In this way, the synthesized faujasite:cobalt ferrite nanocomposite reveals itself as a promising alternative in adsorption processes, aiming at a synergic effect of FAU zeolite high adsorptive activity and the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles magnetic activity, allowing for adsorbent recovery from the aqueous medium via magnetic force and successive adsorptive cycles.     

钢渣对Ni2+与Cu2+的竞争吸附研究

将转炉钢渣磨碎筛分,从钢渣投加量、吸附时间、酸性条件等方面探究其对水溶液中Ni²⁺的吸附性能及吸附机理,并讨论Cu²⁺对钢渣吸附Ni²⁺的影响。研究结果表明,100 mL浓度为50 mg·L^-1的Ni²⁺溶液,用200目(0.074 mm)0.15 g的钢渣处理30 min,Ni²⁺的吸附率为99.88%。钢渣吸附Ni²⁺的过程符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温模型。钢渣吸附Cu²⁺与吸附Ni²⁺属于竞争吸附,且钢渣对Cu²⁺的吸附能力优于对Ni²⁺的吸附能力。钢渣吸附Ni²⁺的过程以化学吸附为主,伴随着物理吸附,且随着钢渣表层吸附位点的减少,钢渣对Ni²⁺的物理吸附作用会逐渐减弱。该研究对处理工业含Ni²⁺与Cu²⁺的废水具有一定的指导意义。