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《钢铁研究学报》2021,(8)
汽车轻量化有助于保护环境、节约能源,高铝钢有利于减轻汽车质量同时维持强塑性。但由于连铸过程中传统结晶器保护渣界面反应的制约,高合金钢铸坯质量和操作流畅性受到很大影响,引起裂纹、漏钢等问题。不仅会造成安全事故,还会增加成本。低反应型CaO-Al_2O_3系保护渣相对于传统保护渣,SiO_2质量分数在6%~10%之间,[Al]和(SiO_2)渣钢界面反应程度显著减弱,具有提高铸坯质量和确保操作顺行的潜力。设计此类保护渣时应该考虑渣钢界面反应、渣中元素向钢液中富集对铸坯质量的影响以及可能的结晶相种类。探讨了低反应型保护渣中成分对黏度变化机制的影响,即熔渣结构的变化、渣系过热度的变化和结晶相的变化。分别讨论了CaO/Al_2O_3、B_2O_3、Na_2O、Li_2O和CaF_2在CaO-Al_2O_3渣系中的作用,旨在为满足高铝钢连铸生产的新一代低反应型保护渣系的设计与优化提供思路与便利。 相似文献
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保护渣中Al2O3质量分数变化是渣钢交互作用的结果,包括吸附钢液中Al2O3夹杂和渣金反应产物。氧化铝对保护渣成分与性能稳定性影响突出,进而影响铸坯质量。分析指出,影响保护渣吸附Al2O3夹杂的因素包括接触角、润湿速率和界面张力、熔渣成分和性能等。熔渣与夹杂物的交互作用行为决定了其对上浮夹杂的去除率。高铝钢连铸过程渣金反应尤为突出,保护渣的工作性能将发生明显改变。基于近年关于Al2O3夹杂的吸附溶解试验研究,以及高铝钢浇铸渣金反应及其保护渣性能变化的研究结果,探讨了通过合理设计保护渣成分或更换渣系等措施来实现该类钢种保护渣工作性能的相对稳定性。 相似文献
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高铝钢连铸保护渣性能的控制 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
高铝钢连铸过程中,钢渣反应将导致连铸保护渣成分和性能发生较大的变化。论文从热力学方面分析了高铝钢钢渣反应特性,计算结果表明为了减少渣中SiO2的还原,应控制渣中的SiO2含量,此外,在连铸保护渣中配加MnO能抑制渣中SiO2的大量还原;同时采用高碱性高玻璃化连铸保护渣理论保证熔渣在钢渣反应和吸收Al2O3夹杂后性能的稳定性。在此基础上,进行了工业性试验,结果表明:高铝钢连铸保护渣吸收夹杂物后熔点和粘度变化不大,铸坯表面和皮下质量良好,完全满足高铝钢浇铸要求。 相似文献
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高钛钢在浇铸过程中发生渣金反应易出现结鱼现象,恶化铸坯质量,严重时引发漏钢。采用扫描电镜对现场浇铸中出现的结鱼物进行分析,结合高温真空压力烧结炉对不同钛含量的高钛钢和保护渣之间的渣金反应进行研究,并利用旋转黏度仪、熔点熔速测试仪、XRD和OPA金属原位分析仪对渣金的综合性能进行深入探讨。结果表明,随着高钛钢中钛含量的增加,渣金界面反应程度增加;高钛钢钛质量分数为0.05%时,未发生渣金反应;高钛钢钛质量分数为0.10%和0.20%时,发生渣金界面反应,钢中钛质量分数分别减少0.02%和0.04%,钢中硅质量分数分别增加0.02%和0.03%,保护渣中SiO2质量分数分别减少0.36%和0.8%,TiO2质量分数分别增加2.17%和4.3%。渣金反应发生后熔渣碱度增大。钛以氧化物的形式进入熔渣中未溶解,导致熔渣黏度和熔点增大。 相似文献
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38CrMoAl钢由于钢中[Al]含量极高(w([Al])为0.7%~1.1%),在连铸过程中容易导致水口的堵塞,同时在传统的高SiO2熔渣条件下,钢渣反应将导致钢水成分和熔渣性能发生较大的变化,恶化钢的洁净度。从热力学方面分析了高铝钢钢渣反应特性,得到了适合高铝钢的精炼渣和中间包保护渣成分控制目标,使钢中[Si]得到准确控制,钢的洁净度达到较高水平;同时采用高碱性高玻璃化连铸保护渣理论保证了熔渣吸收Al2O3夹杂后性能的稳定性。工业性试验结果表明:高铝钢铸坯平均w(T[O])<0.0012%,w([S])<0.003%,铸坯表面和皮下质量良好,完全满足用户要求。 相似文献
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连铸生产高强钢时,如高铝相变诱发塑性钢(简称TRIP钢),传统的硅钙保护渣由于SiO2的急剧减少而表现出了固有的不稳定性。保护渣中二氧化硅的减少导致氧化铝增加约30%,这种变化的程度和不稳定性会影响到保护渣的物理性能,从而影响结晶器散热、保护渣的消耗量及保护渣在结晶器内的行为。以上因素综合作用,导致铸坯表面产生横向和纵向凹陷及裂纹。由于这种铝钙保护渣在连铸生产高铝TRIP钢时,不易发生反应而备受人们的关注。在安赛乐米塔尔美国公司(AM-USA)的两家研发中心—东芝加哥中心和施托尔贝格进行了这两种保护渣的生产试验,研究相对于传统的硅钙保护渣,新保护渣对生产高铝TRIP钢的影响。利用光学显微镜、阴极发光显微镜和扫描电子显微镜来检查结晶器中的渣膜层,以此来确定渣层中沉淀物的性质和分布。铝钙保护渣的使用使钢/渣间的化学反应有了明显的变化,改善了铸坯的表面质量。 相似文献
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摘要:传统CaO-SiO2系保护渣在浇铸高锰高铝钢时,渣中SiO2易被钢中Al还原,造成保护渣成分改变和性能恶化,危害铸坯表面质量和连铸过程顺行。为了抑制钢 渣反应,旨在减少渣中氧化性组分的低反应性,CaO-Al2O3基渣系是重要选择方向。在评估高锰高铝钢凝固特性和传统反应性保护渣基础上,提出了低反应性保护渣基本性能要求,并采用单纯形法设计了CaO-Al2O3基保护渣系的试样组成。通过测试实验渣样的熔化特性和流动特性,获得了5组低反应性连铸保护渣熔化流动特性的成分控制区域。典型区域基本性能为:熔化温度(半球点温度)900~1100℃,1300℃的黏度0.1~0.2Pa·s,转折温度900~1150℃。 相似文献
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高铝钢连铸过程中,为了避免或减轻钢液中Al与保护渣中SiO2发生反应,设计了低SiO2、高Al2O3含量的高铝钢连铸保护渣,通过添加适量的酸性氧化物B2O3协调熔渣酸碱性,利用实验分析了B2O3含量对高铝钢保护渣熔融特性、黏度特性及渣膜传热特性的影响.结果表明,B2O3含量在4%~10%时,随着B2O3含量增加,保护渣熔化温度、黏度、黏流活化能均降低,渣膜热流密度增加;保护渣的等温转变曲线(TTT曲线)向孕育时间增加的方向移动,晶体生长速率降低;实验条件下,增加B2O3含量可抑制保护渣中CaF2的析出. 相似文献
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Due to its high content in the Al-TRIP steel, [Al] reacts with (SiO2) in the mold slag during the casting process, which results in the increase of w(Al2O3)/w(SiO2) ratio and the Al2O3 content, respectively, the characteristic of heat transfer through the slag film is then changed, which effects the smooth operation of the continuous casting process. In this paper, the mold slag simulator was used to study the change tendency of the heat flux density through slag film and the results were discussed, at the same time, the crystals in the 15# slag were characterized by BSE and XRD. The results obtained show that:(i) Heat flux density decreases with the increase of w(Al2O3)/w(SiO2) ratio; (ii) Heat flux density increases with the increase of Li2O and/or B2O3 content in the mold slag which contain 30% Al2O3; (iii) Compared with the heat flux density of common slag of peritectic steel, an appropriated mold slag contain 4% B2O3 and 4% Li2O is designed. The heat flux density is 0.645MW8226;m-2 when w(Al2O3)/w(SiO2)=1.46. (iv) In the equilibrium state, mold slag used for Al-TRIP steel precipitates CaF2 crystals. 相似文献
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���� ��Ҷ���ɣ����ĺ�������ƽ 《钢铁研究学报》2013,25(10):20-24
Thermodynamics calculation indicates that the stable inclusion is Al2O3 for Ti-alloyed Al-killed steel. And only when Al content is below 0. 008% does Al2TiO5 emerge. Systematical samples from practical production of Ti-IF steel reveals following discoveries. Unstable Al-Ti composite oxides formed in steel possibly due to the reaction between titanium oxides in ferrotitanium and aluminum in steel. During casting process, the aluminum loss near the melt/slag interface is more sever if the content of reducible oxide such as SiO2 is higher in tundish flux. Therefore Ti enrichment happens in partial areas near the melt and thermodynamic conditions for generating Al2TiO5 or Ti3O5 could be satisfied. In addition, titanium oxides can be easily transported into steel melt by turbulent flow. 相似文献
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《钢铁研究学报(英文版)》2011,(Z2):201-206
During secondary refining of molten steel, reaction of steel-slag has great influence on the quality of steel. Taking high aluminium steel ([Al]≥0.8%) for instance, reaction control of 4[Al]+3(SiO2) = 2(Al2O3)+3[Si] was discussed by both thermodynamics calculation and industrial experiments. The results show that content of silicon increased sharply when content of SiO2 in slag exceeded 10%. In order to prevent the increment of silicon content and reoxidation for high aluminium steel, reasonable component range of LF refining slag is: %CaO/%Al2O3=1.6-1.9, %SiO2 <10. Results of the industrial experiments indicate that the CaO-Al2O3 based refining slag has strong ability of desulfurization and inclusion absorption. Average desulfurization rate is 80%, and T[O] reduces above 50% after refining, with the average sulfur content and T[O] about 0.0025% and 11×10-6,respectively, which can meet the requirements of secondary refining and obtain good castability of steel in continuous casting process. 相似文献
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Inclusion variations of die steel H13, including changes of species, morphologies, compositions, amounts and sizes, in the production of EAF→LF→VD→ingot casting→electro-slag refining (ESR) procedure, were investigated by systematic sampling, and analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), and metallographic microscope. The variation mechanism was studied by comprehensive analysis of total oxygen, nitrogen, and acid soluble aluminum as well as chemical test of refining slag. Based on the investigations, technical measures for cleanness improvement were discussed. The results show that oxide inclusions in H13 steel change from irregular Al2O3→near globular CaO-MgO-Al2O3 and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 complex inclusions→finer CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 inclusions with higher CaO content→CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 inclusions with higher Al2O3 content and irregular MgO-Al2O3 inclusions→fine irregular MgO-Al2O3-CaS inclusions in various steps of the production; the variations are related with changes of acid soluble aluminum content, reactions between slag and steel, re-oxidation of liquid steel during casting, and refining of ESR. It is also found that Al2O3 inclusions are modified by refining slag in LF and VD refining; and ESR plays a good role in inclusion removal, especially in controlling the large linear VC-CrC-MoC inclusions distributed in grain boundaries. It is suggested that casting protection should be improved, and the basicity of refining slag and acid soluble aluminum content in steel should be raised. 相似文献
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以L25(65)正交试验为基础配置CaO-Al_2O_3基保护渣,研究了不同组分对高铝高锰钢保护渣理化性能的影响。结果表明,不同组分对CaO-Al_2O_3基连铸保护渣熔化温度的影响均是随其含量的增加,熔化温度降低,对熔化温度影响的主次顺序为Li_2ONa_2OB_2O_3BaOCaF_2MgO;各不同组分在一定含量范围内,对CaO-Al_2O_3基连铸保护渣黏度整体上均有降低的作用;结晶难易程度由难到易的顺序依次为3#、4#、23#、19#、20#及5#保护渣;利用热力学软件计算得到冷却析出物质中,大部分都含Ca_3B_2O_6,而该物质熔点比较低,且玻璃形态好,不易结晶,可以满足部分高铝高锰钢连铸使用要求。 相似文献