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湖泊富营养化综合防治的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
张迎珍 《水科学与工程技术》2006,(6):34-36
由于人类生活和生产活动的影响给湖泊带来了日益严峻的富营养化问题,为了使湖泊恢复其应有的功能,必须对其进行综合治理.根据污染源的不同,采取相应的防治对策.按照湖泊富营养化与污染控制理论,富营养化防治埘策主要有控制污染源、生态修复和管理对策. 相似文献
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在外源污染得到有效控制的情况下,湖泊内源污染治理将成为湖泊生态保护与修复的重点。底泥是湖泊内源污染的主要贡献者,生态清淤是控制湖泊内源污染的重要手段,清淤范围、清淤深度以及清淤方案的设置将直接影响湖泊内源污染治理的效果。文章选取具有典型代表性的浅水湖泊——钟祥市南湖,通过工程实践,确定适宜的清淤范围、工艺、方法、设备、二次污染防治和淤泥资源化利用方案,开展生态清淤工作,并取得了良好的效果,为浅水湖泊内源污染治理提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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湖泊湿地修复工程应注意的问题及对策措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着经济社会的飞速发展,人类加大了对湖泊的开发利用,导致其生态环境日益恶化,水污染与富营养化问题突出。湿地修复作为一种有效的湖泊内源治理措施,日益受到人们广泛的关注。对湖泊湿地修复的定位和主要途径进行了梳理,并结合已建成的湖泊湿地修复示范项目,在总结其取得成效的同时,指出当前湖泊湿地修复建设中存在的问题,提出了规范湖泊湿地修复工程建设的对策和建议。 相似文献
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湖泊富营养化成因及其综合治理技术进展 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
湖泊富营养化将直接导致水质下降,功能减退,水生态系统失衡;富营养的治理至今尚无一个湖泊实现水质和生态的完全恢复,即富营养化是一个不可逆过程。本文在分析了湖泊富营养化的现状、成因和危害的基础上,提出了湖泊富营养化的治理对策:严格控制外源污染,逐步去除内源污染,通过物理、化学和生物抑藻技术辅助抑藻;利用生物、生态方法,依靠水生态系统的自然规律,结合人工强化措施进行湖泊富营养化的生态修复。同时指出,采取污染源控制和生态修复是最根本、有效的治理方法,符合可持续发展的要求,也将是今后富营养化治理的发展方向。 相似文献
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湖、塘水环境污染使其丧失了生态功能,为改善湖、塘水生态环境,本文以西湖苑内湖为例,介绍了该工程在水生态修复过程中使用的源头污染控制、水生植物群落修复、本土微生物修复、水体生态系统调控等水生态修复综合集成技术,并据此提出了在今后管理和维护过程中的措施建议,该经验对湖、塘生态修复具有一定的推广借鉴作用。 相似文献
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针对我国东部平原地区淡水湖泊资源丰富,且多为中小型浅水湖,受到社会经济快速发展的影响,城市化率高,人类干扰强烈,境内湖泊面临着富营养化、服务功能丧失等生态环境问题,以太湖流域东南部苏州市吴江区的湖泊群为例,在分析浅水湖泊特征的基础上,提出这一类型湖泊生态健康的概念框架,构建湖泊水生态健康评价体系,选择生态因子、环境因子、人类活动干扰与生态建设4个要素共12个指标描述湖泊健康水平,并分析其原因。结果表明:水环境质量的恶化与人类对湖泊资源的粗放式开发是造成湖泊生态功能失衡的主要原因。以评价结果为指导,制定典型湖泊三白荡的生态修复与建设的措施与方法,旨在为湖泊生态系统管理与修复提供科学依据。 相似文献
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湖、库富营养化机理研究综述 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
综述了湖、库富营养化机理研究现状,内容包括水体富营养化过程各主要因素间的相互关系及其表现:藻类增长限制因子,叶绿素a与总氮、总磷浓度的关系,"水华"发生的水文气象条件;富营养化过程的藻类表现:典型污染指示种、群落多样性及藻类生长潜力;湖泊生态系统健康概念与湖泊生态系统的物质循环理论。指出富营养化实质是生态失衡。 相似文献
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A national research and development blueprint for sustainable lake basin management in Malaysia
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Zati Sharip Saim Suratman Ahmad J. Shaaban 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2016,21(4):269-283
The deterioration of water quality in lakes resulting from unsustainable catchment practices requires concerted efforts to address them, in the form of cooperation among government agencies and institutions, private bodies and the community‐at‐large. Research that provides an understanding of a lake's ecosystem is an important aspect of making informed decisions for sustainable management and governance of lakes. The present study describes the findings of literature reviews on Malaysian lakes, and the national efforts made to establish an agenda for lake research and development in Malaysia directed towards integrated lake basin management (ILBM). The main findings and outcomes of the National Lake Research Blueprint workshop in April 2014 on the issues facing lakes and reservoirs are highlighted. Seven research themes were identified, namely (i) ecosystem services and socio‐economic development, (ii) governance, (iii) water quality and pollution, (iv) eco‐hydrology and basin management, (v) biodiversity and natural products, (vi) physical limnology and hydrodynamics and (vii) technology. The goal is to enhance research and development on sustainable lake basin management directed to conservation and development targets. The findings of this study provide an integrated research framework that can support ILBM governance elements (pillars) elsewhere, and to call for researchers to participate in much‐needed research areas. 相似文献
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我国城市湖泊的生态系统功能下降,城市湖泊富营养化问题也日趋严重。城市湖泊的富营养化通常表现为磷限制,而湖泊沉积物是磷的主要归宿地。研究沉积物中磷的含量及分布特征,对探明其污染状况及湖泊富营养化的控制与治理具有重要的参考意义。洋澜湖作为典型的城市湖泊,近年来存在富营养化问题,以洋澜湖作为研究对象,分析其表层沉积物中的总磷(TP)浓度及空间分布特征,采用单因子指数法对沉积物中磷的污染情况进行评价,并选取3个代表性区域分析沉积物中磷的形态及垂向分布。结果表明,洋澜湖表层沉积物中TP的浓度为528~3 568 mg/kg,平均值1 096 mg/kg,其中西湖湖区的TP浓度最高,平均值1 362 mg/kg;洋澜湖表层沉积物总磷污染评价指数为0.88~5.95,表明整个湖区的沉积物均呈现一定程度的磷污染,其中轻度污染区域所占比例为9.38%,中度污染区域所占比例为32.81%,重度污染区域所占比例为57.81%。通过对沉积物中磷形态进行分析,沉积物中可交换态磷所占比例较小,铁铝结合态磷所占比例最高,是洋澜湖沉积物中磷释放的主要来源。 相似文献
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《Journal of Great Lakes research》2020,46(4):686-702
Large lakes of the world are habitats for diverse species, including endemic taxa, and are valuable resources that provide humanity with many ecosystem services. They are also sentinels of global and local change, and recent studies in limnology and paleolimnology have demonstrated disturbing evidence of their collective degradation in terms of depletion of resources (water and food), rapid warming and loss of ice, destruction of habitats and ecosystems, loss of species, and accelerating pollution. Large lakes are particularly exposed to anthropogenic and climatic stressors. The Second Warning to Humanity provides a framework to assess the dangers now threatening the world’s large lake ecosystems and to evaluate pathways of sustainable development that are more respectful of their ongoing provision of services. Here we review current and emerging threats to the large lakes of the world, including iconic examples of lake management failures and successes, from which we identify priorities and approaches for future conservation efforts. The review underscores the extent of lake resource degradation, which is a result of cumulative perturbation through time by long-term human impacts combined with other emerging stressors. Decades of degradation of large lakes have resulted in major challenges for restoration and management and a legacy of ecological and economic costs for future generations. Large lakes will require more intense conservation efforts in a warmer, increasingly populated world to achieve sustainable, high-quality waters. This Warning to Humanity is also an opportunity to highlight the value of a long-term lake observatory network to monitor and report on environmental changes in large lake ecosystems. 相似文献
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总体上讲,系统的稳定性应当包括恒定性、持久性、惯性、弹性、恢复性、局部稳定性、全局稳定性等主要方面。生态系统的稳定性包含稳定与平衡的临界范围的概念。由于人口的剧增和不合理的开发利用,现存的湖荡正一个接一个地遭到破坏,湖荡的水质、生态系统不断发生恶化。湖荡生态环境系统结构的逐步破坏和生态功能的不断退化,造成湖荡水域不断缩小、水质日益恶化、行洪与调蓄功能削减、湖荡周边生态旅游环境功能退化、湖底淤积加剧、生物群落多样性下降、湖荡的自净能力降低等严重后果,对人类和生态环境造成了极大的影响,通过进行湖荡生态系统稳定性评价,提出水生态保护规划,以促使湖荡生态环境建设的有序进行,修复湖荡良性生态系统,保障整个区域的经济社会和环境生态的协调、健康发展。 相似文献
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CAO Jian tingDoctor College of Water Resources Environment Hohai University Nanjing China WANG Su minProfessor Nanjing Institute of Geography Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China 《人民长江》2001,(Z1)
1 MainPhysicalCharacteristicsofLakeintheMiddleandLowerReachesofYangtzeRiver ThelakesintheregionofmiddleandlowerstreamofYangtzeRiverdistributerelativelydensely.ThewaterareawithinthedrainagebasinofYangtzeRiverisabout 8× 10 4km2 andthelakeareaintheregionofm… 相似文献