膜技术在水处理中的应用

综述了微滤、超滤、纳滤、反渗透.渗析、电渗析、渗透汽化和液膜技术等膜分离技术的基本原理及特点,对这些膜分离技术在水处理中的应用进行了阐述,并列举了它们在电厂中的应用.     

膜技术在石油化工中的应用

总结膜技术在石油化工领域中的应用，包括油田废水处理、有机溶剂和有机混合物纯化、炼厂气中分离氢、有机废气处理等，尤其是脱硫纤维膜接触器已用于脱除汽油中硫醇硫化物生产低硫、超低硫汽油，为石油加工提供了节能、高效新手段。文章最后对应用前景作了展望。     

膜技术在生态环境治理中的应用

为进一步提升生态环境的治理效果,促进生态环境与当今社会经济之间的协调可持续发展,对生态环境治理中的膜技术应用进行分析.希望通过本文的分析,可以为膜技术的合理应用以及生态环境治理效果的提升提供参考.     

膜技术在工业废水处理中的应用

工业的不断发展,给人们生活带来便利的同时,也面临着废水污染等严重影响环境和人们生活的问题。工业废水的污染越来越引起人们重视,用膜分离技术进行废水处理也已经有很长的历史。本文结合实践经验,谈谈膜技术在重金属废水、造纸废水、印染废水和含油废水等工业废水处理中的应用。     

膜技术在工业废水处理中的应用

膜技术是一种高效率、低能耗和易操作的液体分离技术,在废水处理中得到越来越广泛的应用。介绍了膜技术在造纸废水、重金属废水、含油废水、印染废水、食品废水等工业废水处理中的应用进行了综述,最后对膜技术在工业废水处理的应用前景作了展望。     

膜技术在甘氨酸合成中的应用研究

提出了用电渗析膜分离提纯甘氨酸的新工艺,重点对现行甘氨酸生产工艺“氯乙酸氨解法”制得的甘氨酸与氯化铵混合液,采用电渗析膜分离法进行试验以除去甘氨酸中的氯化铵.分离后的产物,经浓缩得到高纯产品甘氨酸.试验取得了比较满意的结果。与现行工艺相比,污染少,收率提高,生产成本显著下降,该工艺具有良好的开发前景。     

膜技术在化工废水处理中的应用

近些年我国的化工行业得到了较快的发展,但是同时所排放的废水量也有所增加。化工废水含有多种有机物质及重金属等,如果直接排放到环境中会对环境产生严重的危害,为此应当做好化工废水的处理,然后排放到环境中或者回收利用。目前我国加大了废水处理技术的研究,化工废水中膜技术是常见的一种废水处理技术,我国化工废水回收利用是未来发展的方向。主要就膜技术在化工废水处理中的应用展开探讨。     

膜技术在水处理中的应用与发展

膜技术方法很多，应用面也很广，本文对反渗透，电渗析，超过滤，纳滤和微孔过滤等膜技术在国内水处理方面的应用概况作一综合介绍。     

膜技术在含油污水处理中的应用

在舍油污水处理中,膜技术的应用越来越广泛,在这里主要针对膜技术在舍油污水处理中的应用进行了简单分析。     

喀斯特地区磷石膏渣场防渗中HDPE膜的运用

介绍了HDPE膜在喀斯特地区磷石膏渣场防渗中的运用,几年的使用结果表明,其防渗效果优良,收集的废酸水可循环利用。     

Augmentation of saline streams in solar stills integrating with a mini solar pond

Industrial effluent was evaporated in a fin type single basin solar still and a stepped solar still separately. To preheat the saline water, a mini solar pond was integrated with these stills. Both the stills were operated with mini solar pond and tested individually. In fin type single basin solar still, maximum productivity is obtained, when it is modified with black rubber, sponge and sand. The stepped solar still was modified with fin, pebble and sponge to enhance their productivities. When mini solar pond, pebble, sponge and fin are used in stepped solar still, maximum productivity was obtained To settle the industrial effluent, a settling tank was also fabricated with five layers namely: tray for raw effluent, pebble layer, coal layer, sand layer and collection tray for settled effluent. Physical and chemical analyses were made for raw effluent, settled effluent and distilled water. Economic analysis was made.     

Design and optimization of the gel solar pond

The gel pond concept is a unique modification of the conventional salt gradient solar pond. It replaces the salinity gradient zone by a transparent polymer gel and thereby eliminates all problems of instability associated with the former. A framework for the preliminary design of a gel pond to serve different purposes has been presented here. Heat extraction at constant pond storage zone temperatures of 40°–80°C at storage zone depths of 2–5 m has been considered and optimum pond dimensions have been predicted depending upon maximum and minimum heat load constraints. The computer simulations are carried out with the meteorological conditions for Albuquerque, New Mexico. For example, the simulations show that the gel pond can provide an average heat load of 107 W/m², a typical domestic water heating requirement, at a constant pond temperature of 40°C with a storage zone depth of 4.0 m and gel thickness of 0.6 m. For the case of power generation, the pond can provide a minimum of 32 W/m² at a constant pond temperature of 80°C with a storage zone depth of 4 m and gel thickness of 0.6 m. These factors combined with the easy operation and maintenance of the gel pond seem to make it a better alternative compared with the conventional salt gradient pond.     

Integrated performance of stepped and single basin solar stills with mini solar pond

An attempt is made to enhance the productivity of the solar stills by connecting a mini solar pond, stepped solar still and a single basin solar still in series. Experiment is also carried out by replacing the single basin solar still into a wick type solar still. For further augmentation of the yield, baffle plate, pebble, fins, wicks and sponges are added. Day and night productivity of the solar stills for these modifications is studied. Daily efficiency and percentage increase in productivity for these modifications are also studied. Industrial effluent water is used as feed. Theoretical analysis gives very good agreement with experimental results.     

陶瓷膜在饮用水处理中的应用与膜污染控制

陶瓷膜技术在水处理领域快速普及,与有机膜相比陶瓷膜在使用寿命、抗污性、稳定性等方面具有显著优势,陶瓷膜市场规模和复合年增长率预计在2021-2025年将达到30.9亿美元和11.31％.文章重点介绍了陶瓷膜在饮用水处理中的应用和发展,阐明了膜污染机理以及控制策略.此外,对陶瓷膜未来的市场前景和研究方向进行了分析.     

PLC控制在膜法除硝装置中的应用

介绍了PLC控制在膜法除硝装置中的应用以及常用控制方案的实现和运行效果。     

建设工程造价控制研究与应用

本文首先介绍了国外先进的工程造价控制理论与管理模式,其次分析了建设项目决策阶段影响工程造价的主要因素,指出建设项目设计阶段的造价控制中存在的问题,最后提出建设项目设计阶段有效地控制工程造价的措施,以及建设项目施工阶段造价控制采取的措施。     

浅论察尔汗盐湖盐田生产

概述了盐湖资源的特点。分析了盐田生产的主要影响因素。探讨了提高盐田产量、质量的相应措施。     

Technical and economical aspects of solar desalination with particular emphasis on solar pond powered distillation plants

Desalination remains an important and interesting application for the use of solar radiation as a source of undepletable energy. After almost a decade of research and development including the installation and testing of various smaller pilot systems, our solar desalination technology - among others - is now becoming available on a commercial level.The paper discusses the evolution of the technology both of the desalination and the collector-subsystems as a result of the technical and economical constraints associated with the utilization of solar energy, a highly fluctuating energy source of low surface density.Performance data is presented in particular for the coupling of a selfregulating MSF unit with a solar pond energy collection and storage system, both inhouse developments.The performance and layout data was obtained both from computer simulation and experimental results with a small sized solar pond and desalination subsystem in Switzerland. The economy assessment, which is presented for Middle East climate conditions, clearly demonstrates that solar desalination already becomes competitive for medium sized installation at remote locations. Potential further cost reductions also through upscaling may lead to the use of desalinated water for agricultural applications one day.