表面活性剂修饰的伏安传感器的制备及其应用

用碳粉61%、液体石腊20%和甘油19%制备碳糊电极,经0.060%Tween-80溶液修饰90 s后,得表面活性剂修饰的伏安传感器.在pH7.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,ST在该传感器上于0.98 V处呈现灵敏阳极溶出伏安峰,利用此峰可测定痕量的磺胺噻唑,线性范围为8.5×10-9mol/L～5.0×10-6mol/L,检测下限为3.0×10-9mol/L.     

基于电聚合膜／溶胶-凝胶固定酶的葡萄糖传感器的研究

该文以铂电极为基底,电聚合乙酰苯胺作为修饰膜,采用氧化锆溶胶-凝胶法固定酶制备葡萄糖酶传感器.探讨了酶的浓度,溶液的pH值等对电极响应的影响,考察了电极的重现性,干扰及使用寿命.该方法有效的排除了尿酸(UA),抗坏血酸(AA)对测定的干扰.该传感器在葡萄糖浓度8.2×10-6～8.0×10-3mol/L范围内有线性响应,检出限为4.1×10-6mol/L.对葡萄糖有较好的响应特性、稳定性和使用寿命.     

溶胶-凝胶膜修饰碘电极测定食物中Vc含量

用溶胶-凝胶包埋硝酸银制备了碘电极,并研究了其性能、测定条件及干扰物质的影响。提出了用碘电极指示Vc与I2定量反应释放的I-的浓度来测定Vc含量的方法。该电极在0.1mol/LKNO3,pH=2.0～6.0溶液中,对Vc浓度在10-1～10-5mol/L范围内呈Nernst响应,响应斜率为59.8mV/pVc,检测下限为7.9×10-6mol/L,回收率为95.4%～103.1%,可广泛用于医药、食品等行业对Vc含量的测定。     

基于DNA-Hb修饰的聚合二氧化锆/金电极过氧化氢生物传感器的研究

以聚合二氧化锆(ZrO2)薄膜修饰的金电极为基底,通过在二氧化锆修饰电极表面滴涂DNA和血红蛋白(Hb)溶液制备了性能优良的DNA-Hb/ZrO2/Au过氧化氢传感器.该传感器对H2O2的还原显示出较好的电催化响应,固定在电极表面的Hb在0.1 mol/L(pH5.0)PBS中对过氧化氢响应灵敏度高,检测范围宽(1.7×10-7～3.0×10-3～mol/L),检测下限低(8.0×10-8～tool/L),并且表现出良好的热稳定性和高选择性.     

Nafion修饰电极测定动物血清中马波沙星

以一种稳定的阳离子交换剂Nafion修饰玻碳电极,用于兽药马波沙星的测定.在pH=2.0的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,1.05 V左右得到良好的氧化峰,峰电流Ip与马波沙星的浓度在5.0×10-8～1.0×10-5mol/L范围内成线性关系,线性方程为Ip=1.06+0.28c(mol/L),相关系数r=0.998,检出限为5.0×10-9 mol/L.采用本法测定动物血清中的含量,回收率为96.8%～103.2%.RSD为2.05%.该方法具有操作简单、响应迅速、线性范围宽、灵敏度高、重现性好和低检测限等优点,可用于动物血清中马波沙星的测定,所得结果与高效液相色谱法一致.     

以萘酚绿B为介体的葡萄糖生物传感器

该文以聚乙烯醇缩丁醛为固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)的载体,将GOD附在铂丝电极上制得葡萄糖酶电极.文中讨论了溶解性媒介体萘酚绿B的浓度、溶液的pH值和温度对该电极电流响应的影响.这一介体型葡萄糖传感器在优化的实验条件下,对葡萄糖表现出良好的响应特性,如响应快、重现性和稳定性好.传感器线性范围为8.0×10-4mol/L～3.6×10-2mol/L,相关系数为0.9933,检测限为5.0×10-4mol/L.     

L-半胱氨尾式卟啉铜(Ⅱ)自组装修饰金电极制备及对地表水中苯酚的检测

将制备的L-半胱氨卟啉铜(Ⅱ)(CuL)配合物自组装在Au电极表面,获得电化学苯酚传感器(CuL/Au CME).在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液中于-0.4～0.5V(vs.SCE)电位范围内有一对氧化还原峰,其峰电位分别为氧化峰电位Epa=90mV,还原峰电位Epc=-60mV.实验表明该电极上,苯酚可被CuL催化氧化,通过产物在电位0.1 V下的电化学响应对苯酚进行测定,测定过程不需要再向体系中添加媒介体.该电极对苯酚表现出快速的响应(响应时间＜10s).传感器对苯酚的测定具有较宽的线性范围(5×10-7～2.5×10-4 mol/l),检出限为2.0×10-7mol/l.测定了电极稳定性,将该电极用于地表水中苯酚含量检测,并与标准4-氨基安替比林分光光度法作了对照,结果满意.     

多糖修饰电流型测酚生物电极的响应特性

研制多糖修饰电流型测酚酪氨酸酶碳糊电极.选择了麦芽糊精作为酪氨酸酶的激活剂,采用Nafion 117膜来抗阴离子干扰,聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)作包埋剂以抗阳离子干扰,论文通过正交实验确定了以碳糊电极为基底电极的酪氨酸酶电极的各组分含量为:酪氨酸酶400 U,10%麦芽糊精溶液10μL,0.2%PEI溶液10μL,0.5%Nafion 117溶液2μL.所研制生物电极的工作条件为:工作电位-100mV vs.Hg/Hg2Cl2(s)电极,工作pH为5.40,测量时间1.0 min.在此测量条件下,所研制电极对苯酚的检测下限为5.00×10-8mol/L,线性区间为2.00×10-7mol/L～5.00×10-5mol/L,RSD=1.18%,RE=-0.60%.用所研制电极测定炼油废水中酚的含量测定结果令人满意,加标回收率为100.7%.     

钙离子传感针的研制

为了对针刺治疗过程中腧穴组织内钙离子活度进行在体实时动态监测 ,研制了钙离子传感针 ,它是以针灸针为基体 ,将钙离子敏感材料 (即活性剂 )、增塑剂、添加剂、PVC粉按一定比例配制的PVC膜复合其上而制成的一类全固态离子选择微电极 ,其线性响应范围为 10 -5～ 10 -1mol/L ,响应斜率为 2 3mV(30℃ ) ,检测下限为 4 .4× 10 -6mol/L ,响应时间小于 30s,有较好的选择性、稳定性和适宜的pH范围     

用三聚氰酰胺修饰电极测定维生素VB1

制备了三聚氰酰胺修饰电极,用于测定维生素B1(Vb1).在pH 7.4的B-R缓冲溶液中,VB1在三聚氰酰胺修饰电极上产生一灵敏的还原峰,峰电流与VB1的浓度在6×10-6～1×10-3mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测下线为2.1×10-6mol/L.V86,VB2对VB1测定无干扰.电极的重现性良好,用于测定实际样品,得到满意的效果.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.