“一锅法”合成帕珠沙星中间体的研究

以帕珠沙星中间体II,(S)-10-氰甲基-9-氟-2,3-二氢-3-甲基-7-氧代-7H-吡啶并[1,2,3-de]-1,4-苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸乙酯为原料,经环合、水解“一锅法”反应,制备帕珠沙星高级中间体IV,(S)-10-(1-环丙基甲酰)-9-氟-3-甲基-7-氧-3,7-二氢-2H-[1,4] 噁嗪[2,3,4-ij]喹啉6-羧酸。探讨了反应的碱、溶剂等对实验的影响。确定最佳的合成工艺条件为：n (化合物II)：n(1,2-二氯乙烷)：n（苄基三乙基氯化铵）：n(氢氧化钠) = 1：1.5：0.43：16.7,水作为溶剂,先室温搅拌5小时,随后回流2小时。反应具有条件温和、操作安全,成本低,绿色环保等优点。     

一种左氧氟沙星半水合物合成工艺的改进

以(S)-(-)-9,10-二氟-2,3-二氢-3-甲基-7-氧代-7H-吡啶并[1,2,3-de][1,4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸乙酯(左氟环合酯)为起始原料,与4-甲基哌嗪缩合得(S)-(-)-9-氟-2,3-二氢-3-甲基-10-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-7-氧代-7H-吡啶并[1,2,3-de][1,4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸乙酯,再经氢氧化钠水解,乙醇结晶得左氧氟沙星半水合物;合成工艺操作简单,所用试剂种类少,对环境污染小,适合工业化生产。     

硝基-3-氧-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,4]苯并(口恶)嗪-6-羧酸的合成

以4-羟基-3-硝基苯甲酸为原料,经酯化、醚化、还原合环、硝化、水解等5步反应,合成了两个未见文献报导的化合物7-硝基-3-氧-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,4]苯并(口恶)嗪-6-羧酸和8-硝基-3-氧-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,4]苯并(口恶)嗪-6-羧酸,其结构经IR、LC/MS、1HNMR和元素分析确证.     

普卢利沙星关键中间体的合成研究

用螯合法把化合物6,7-二氟-1-甲基-4-氧代-4H-[1,3]噻嗪并[3,2-a]喹啉-3-羧酸乙酯与三乙酰氧化硼在DMSO中螯合,制得普卢利沙星的关键中间体6,7-二氟-1-甲基-4-氧代-4H-[1,3]噻嗪并[3,2-a]喹啉-3-羧基-O6,O7-二乙酸合硼,考察了不同溶剂、反应温度、反应时间对6,7-二氟-1-甲基-4-氧代-4H-[1,3]噻嗪并[3,2-a]喹啉-3-羧基-O6,O7-二乙酸合硼收率的影响。结果表明,所得产物的质量分数可达99.8%(HPLC归一法),产率97.1%,质量分数和产率都比文献[1~3]报道的高。     

甲磺酸帕珠沙星的合成

以左氧氟沙星中间体(S)-9,10-二氟-3-甲基-7-氧代-2,3-二氢-7-H吡啶[1,2,3-de][1,4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸乙酯为起始原料,经与氰乙酸乙酯进行亲核取代反应、水解脱羧、环合、水解、Hoffman降解,与甲磺酸成盐得甲磺酸帕珠沙星,总收率为38%,产品纯度符合药用标准。     

硝基-3-氧-3，4-二氢-2H-[1，4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸的合成

以4-羟基-3-硝基苯甲酸为原料,经酯化、醚化、还原合环、硝化、水解等5步反应,合成了两个未见文献报导的化合物7-硝基-3-氧-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸和8-硝基-3-氧-3,4-二氢-2H-[1,4]苯并嗪-6-羧酸,其结构经IR、LC/MS、1HNMR和元素分析确证。     

1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]喹啉衍生物的合成

以1-(2-甲基丙基)-4-氯-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]喹啉(Ⅰ)为原料与哌啶反应合成了1-(2-甲基丙基)-4-[哌啶-1-基]-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]喹啉(Ⅱ),当用甲苯为溶剂,n(Ⅰ)∶n(哌啶)∶n(K2CO3)=1∶2∶0.3时,Ⅱ的收率为88.5%;Ⅰ与三倍过量的吗啉反应合成1-(2-甲基丙基)-4-[吗啉-4-基]-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]喹啉(Ⅲ),收率86.5%;Ⅰ与三倍过量的哌嗪在体积分数50%的1,4-二氧六环水溶液中反应合成1-(2-甲基丙基)-4-[哌嗪-1-基]-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]喹啉(Ⅳ),收率59%。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的合成工艺均较简单。     

甲磺酸帕珠沙星的合成工艺改进

以左氧氟沙星的中间体--(S)-9,10-二氟-3-甲基-7-氧代-2,3-二氢-7H-吡啶[1,2,3-de][1,4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸乙酯为起始原料,经过与氰乙酸乙酯缩合、水解脱羧、1,2-二溴乙烷环合、水解、霍夫曼降解、成盐得到喹诺酮类抗菌药甲磺酸帕珠沙星.总收率达到43.8%,并对目标产物,进行了元素分析,IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,MS等确认.与文献报道相比,该合成工艺路线具有反应条件温和,收率较高,适合工业化生产.     

甲磺酸帕珠沙星的合成

研究氟喹诺酮类抗菌剂甲磺酸帕珠沙星的合成路线及工艺。以左旋氧氟沙星的中间体(S)-9,10-二氟-3-甲基-2,3-二氢-7-氧-7H-吡啶[1,2,3-de][1,4]苯并噁嗪-6-羧酸乙酯为起始原料,经亲核取代反应、酯水解并选择性脱羧、环合、水解、Hofrnann降解、成盐得甲磺酸帕珠沙星,总收率60.0%。其化学结构经元素分析,IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,MS得以确证。该合成路线及工艺适合工业化大生产。     

一种PARP抑制剂氟唑帕利的合成工艺

阐述了一种PARP抑制剂氟唑帕利{4-[[4-氟-3-[3-(三氟甲基)-6,8-二氢-5 H-(1,2,4)三唑并(4,3-a)吡嗪-7-羰基]-苯基]甲基]-2 H-酞嗪-1-酮(1)}的合成方法。该方法以2-(三氟甲基)-(1,2,4)三唑并(1,5-α)吡嗪(2)为原料,经过氢化反应得到5,6,7,8-四氢-2-(三氟甲基)-(1,2,4)三唑并(1,5-α)吡嗪(3),化合物3与5-[(3,4-二氢-4-氧代-1-酞嗪基)甲基]-2-氟-苯甲酸(4)缩合得到化合物(1)。该工艺路线简短,操作简便,副反应少,反应收率高,适合工业化生产。     

非达司他中间体的酶法拆分

(2S)-6-氟-3,4-二氢-4-氧代-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-羧酸是合成非达司他(一种口服醛糖还原酶抑制剂)关键中间体。该研究使用脂肪酶Novozym 435,对(±)-6-氟-3,4-二氢-4-氧代-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-羧酸甲酯进行拆分,并对拆分反应条件进行了优化,确定了拆分的最适反应条件:乙腈-水溶液为溶剂,V(水)∶V(乙腈)=1∶4,m(酶)∶m(底物)=1∶10,在pH=7.0,温度40℃,时间为6 h条件下,得到的(2S)-6-氟-3,4-二氢-4-氧代-2H-1-苯并吡喃-2-羧酸的总收率为32.5%,对映体过量值为92.1%,为非达司他的制备提供了一条可行途径。     

1β-甲基碳青霉烯类抗生素——比阿培南的合成综述

对比阿培南的合成路线进行文献综述,先总体介绍比阿培南的两条总合成路线,进而介绍其中侧链对接法所涉及各关键中间体（包括1β-甲基碳青霉烯母核、吡唑烷环、含硫双五环侧链）的合成路线。1β-甲基碳青霉烯母核可通过分子内卡宾插入反应或分子内Dieckmann缩合反应两种方法合成,含硫双五环侧链则有以1,2-二（叔丁氧羰基）肼为原料和以水合肼为原料两条路线。     

A Green Synthesis of Fused Polycyclic 5H-Chromeno[3,2-c]quinoline-6,8(7H,9H)-dione Derivatives Catalyzed by TsOH in Ionic Liquids

A three-component reaction of benzaldehyde, 5,5-dimethyl-3-(arylamino)cyclohex-2-enone and 4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one gave a series of 3-((4,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-2-(arylamino) cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)(aryl)methyl)-4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives in ionic liquids at 80°C under catalyst-free conditions. In the presence of TsOH at 140°C, the same reaction provided an efficient method for the synthesis of 7-aryl-10,10-dimethyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-chromeno[3,2-c] quinoline-6,8(7H,9H)-dione derivatives in high yields while aromatic amine losing unexpectedly.     

Organophosphorus compounds. XXI. The Reaction of Alkyl Phosphites with 10-Methyleneanthrone and 10-Arylideneanthrones

The reaction of triethyl and trimethyl phosphites with 10-methyleneanthrone 1a , 10-benzylideneanthrone 1b , 10-(p-chlorobenzylidene)anthrone 1c , 10-(p-methoxybenzylidene)anthrone 1d and 10-(diphenylmethylene)anthrone 1e , has been investigated. Depending on the experimental conditions, reaction of 1a with triethyl phosphite gives diethyl (10-ethoxy-9-anthryl)methylphosphonate 3a and/or the spiroanthrone 8a , whereas, with trimethyl phosphite, dimethyl [(9, 10-dihydro-10-oxo-9-anthryl)methyl]phosphonate 11a is formed. Compound 1b on reaction with trimethyl phosphite yields dimethyl [α-(9,10-dihydro-10-oxo-9-anthryl) benzyl]phosphonate 11b . Reaction of 1c with triethyl phosphite and trimethyl phosphite gives rise to diethyl [p-chloro-α-(10-ethoxy-9-anthryl)benzyl]phosphonate 3c and dimethyl [p-chloro-α-(9,10-dihydro-10-oxo-9-anthryl)benzyl]phosphonate 11c respectively. Compounds 1d and 1e did not react with alkyl phosphites. Possible reaction mechanisms are considered and the structural assignments are based on analytical and spectroscopic results.     

2,3-二甲氧基-5-甲基-1,4-苯醌的合成

以3,4,5-三甲氧基甲苯(TMT)为原料,先由V ilsm e ier-Haack反应合成6-甲基-2,3,4-三甲氧基苯甲醛,然后在对甲基苯磺酸催化下经Dak in反应将其氧化为6-甲基-2,3,4-三甲氧基苯酚,最后用重铬酸钠催化氧化合成了辅酶Q0,过程总收率达到72.3%。经正交实验得V ilsm e ier-Haack反应的最佳工艺为:n(TMT)∶n(POC l3)∶n(DMF)=1∶1.8∶2.2,反应温度70℃,反应时间7 h。在此工艺条件下,此步反应收率可达93.2%,w(6-甲基-2,3,4-三甲氧基苯甲醛)=98.5%;在Dakin反应中,以w(H2O2)=30%为氧化剂,30℃为最佳反应温度,反应时间1.5 h。     

碱性离子液体催化“一锅法”合成吡唑[5，4-b]-γ-吡喃衍生物

在水相中以碱性离子液体[H3N＋CH2CH2OH][CH3COO-]为催化剂,芳香醛、丙二腈和4,5-二氢-3-甲基-5-氧代-1-苯基吡唑为原料一锅法反应合成一系列2-氨基-4-芳基-3-氰基-5-甲基-7-苯基吡唑[5,4-b]-γ-吡喃衍生物。该方法利用了廉价易得的离子液体为催化剂,避免使用有毒有害的有机溶剂,反应条件温和,适合工业化生产。     

2-取代-N-(7-氟-3,4-二氢-4-取代-3-氧-2H-苯并[b][1,4]噁嗪-6-基)乙酰胺类化合物的合成及除草活性

为了寻求高效、安全的除草活性的化合物,设计并合成了8个2-取代-N-(7-氟-3,4-二氢-4-取代-3-氧-2H-苯并[b][1,4]噁嗪-6-基)乙酰胺类化合物,其化学结构经IR,1HNMR,LC/MS等确证。初步生物活性测定结果表明,目标化合物的除草活性并不显著。     

Synthesis of novel tri- and tetrasubstituted C<Subscript>18</Subscript> furan fatty esters

A methylene-interrupted C₁₈ keto-acetylenic fatty ester (methyl 12-oxo-9-octadecynoate) was obtained from methyl ricinoleate by bromination-dehydrobromination followed by oxidation. Reaction of methyl 12-oxo-9-octadecynoate with bis(benzonitrile) palladium(II) chloride, allyl bromide, or methyl-allyl bromide furnished methyl 8-[5-hexyl-3-allyl-furan-2-yl]-octanoate (1, 56%) or methyl 8-[5-hexyl-3-(2-methyl-allyl)-furan-2-yl]-octanoate (2, 55%). Reaction of methyl 12-oxo-11-chloro-or 11-fluoro-9-octadeyynoate (prepared from methyl santalbate-methyl 11-E-9-octadecynoate, found in sandalwood, Santalum album, seed oil) with bis(benzonitrile) palladium(II) chloride gave methyl 8-(4-fluoro-5-hexyl-furan-2-yl)-octanoate (3, 50%) or methyl 8-(4-fluoro-5-hexyl-furan-2-yl)-octanoate (4, 50%), respectively. And when methyl 12-oxo-11-chloro- or 11-fluoro-9-octadecynoate was treated with a mixture of bis(benzonitrile) palladium(II) chloride, allyl bromide, or methyl-allyl bromide, the reaction yielded tetrasubstituted C₁₈ furan derivatives, viz, methyl 8-(3-allyl-4-chloro-5-hexyl-furan-2-yl)-octanoate (5, 54%), methyl 8-[4-chloro-5-hexyl-3-(2-methyl-allyl)-furan-2-yl)-octanoate (6, 54%), methyl 8-(3-allyl-4-fluoro-5-hexyl-furan-2-yl]-octanoate (7, 10%), and methyl 8-[4-fluoro-5-hexyl-3-(2-methyl-allyl)-furan-2-yl]-octanoate (8, 10%). The presence of a fluorine atom in the furan derivatives 4, 7, and 8 was readily characterized by the appearance of doublets for carbon nuclei, which were coupled to the fluorine atom in the ¹³C NMR spectra. All furan fatty derivatives from this work were characterized by NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses. The yields of compounds 7 and 8 were very low (10%) despite attempts to improve the procedure by increasing the amounts of the reactants and catalyst.     

Eindeutige Synthese des 4,7-Dihydro-4-oxo-1 H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridins – Bemerkungen zur „(N?C)-Umlagerung”︁ von (2-Alkoxycarbonyl-vinyl-amino)pyrazolen

Unambiguous Synthesis of 4,7-Dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine — Further Comments on the “(N C)-Rearrangement” of (2-Alkoxycarbonyl-vinyl-amino)pyrazols 4,7-Dihydro-4-oxo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 1a is synthesized by decarboxylation of 1-benzyl-5-carboxy-4-hydroxy-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 4b and debenzylation of 1-benzyl-4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 1b with sodium in liquid ammonia. The product from 3-amino-pyrazol and methyl propiolate, formerly described as 1a , obviously is the 6-oxo isomer 2a . Use of the parameter δ¹³(CO) for the structural assignment of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridones is only permitted, if in the corresponding media mainly the oxo-tautomer is existing. It is again demonstrated that DMSO is often an insufficient medium. Debenzylation of 1b and similar compounds with SeO₂ is only possible, if the α-position of CO is blocked by a substituent. Otherwise diselenids of type 6 are formed. This obviously is a general reaction of cyclic lactames. The cyclisation of (2-alkoxycarbonyl-vinyl-amino)pyrazols 7 in acidic media, and with catalytical amounts of the corresponding amino-pyrazols gives 6,7-dihydro-6-oxo-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines 2 via amino 4-(2-alkoxycarbonyl-vinyl)pyrazols 8 , i.e. via products of an “(N C)-rearrangement”, while by thermal cyclisation of 7 4,7-dihydro-4-oxo-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines 1 are formed.