活性炭填充床脱除水中苯酚及填充床的再生

实验研究了活性炭填充床脱除水中苯酚的吸附性能,探讨其饱和吸附填充床的再生方法,结果表明当平衡浓度范围为0－0．8kg/m^3时,活性炭对水中苯酚的吸附能力达230kg/kg（吸附剂）,吸附等温线符合Langmuir型,填充床的穿透曲线和穿透时间强烈依赖于实验条件,较高的进料浓度,较大的进料速度,以及较短的床层长度都将使填充床穿透较快;用热的NaOH稀溶液可再生被苯酚饱和的活性炭纤维填充床,再生效率达90％以上。     

吸附法处理含酚模拟废水的实验研究

研究了活性炭纤维(简称ACF)处理含酚模拟废水的静态吸附最佳工艺条件，测定了不同温度下的吸附等温线，并在相同条件下比较了ACF和活性炭的吸附性能。结果表明，ACF对苯酚的吸附容量为248mg／g，吸附饱和后经多次再生吸附容量几乎不变，吸附性能比活性炭好。室温时，在酸性或中性条件下，向100mL浓度282mg／L的含酚模拟废水投加活性炭纤维0．5g，恒温振荡30min，苯酚去除率可达91％。     

活性炭纤维填充床内多组分竞争吸附

建立了活性炭纤维填充床内多组分竞争吸附传质动力学模型 ,采用正交配置方法求解数学模型以预测突破曲线 ,从理论上探讨了竞争吸附平衡及吸附质在填充床内的轴向弥散、纤维内扩散和纤维外对流传质等因素对强、弱吸附组分突破曲线的影响。在间歇和填充床吸附器内进行了脱除水溶液中酚类化合物的实验 ,测定了活性炭纤维吸附水溶液中苯酚和氯代苯酚的吸附等温线 (间歇吸附 )以及苯酚和氯代苯酚在活性炭纤维填充床内竞争吸附时的突破曲线 ,并与模型计算值进行了比较。结果表明 ,吸附质在活性炭纤维内扩散和纤维外对流传质阻力不是填充床内吸附过程的控制步骤 ,而轴向弥散影响显著 ,不可忽略     

羧酸钠型离子交换纤维对Cu2+的吸附性能研究

以腈纶、水合肼、氢氧化钠为原料制得羧酸钠型离子交换纤维,研究了该纤维对Cu2+的吸附性能。结果表明:羧酸钠型离子交换纤维的交换容量可达4．89 mmol／g,25℃下,pH为5．0时,20 min可达到饱和吸附;CuSO4溶液浓度为2．32 mmoL／L,床流速为2．7 BV／min,穿透吸附时的床体积为149．0时,该纤维对Cu2+的动态穿透沉淀和吸附容量为1．66 mmol／L;该纤维经5次再生后其交换容量由再生前的4．89 mmol／g升高到4．97 mmol/g,饱和吸附时再生纤维吸附容量达到再生前的95．6％,其再生性能良好。     

活性炭纤维吸附废水中酚的研究

通过静态和动态试验对活性炭纤维吸附废水中的酚进行了研究,测定了吸附等温线,考察了活性炭纤维的用量、苯酚浓度,以及过柱流速对吸附的影响.结果表明,活性炭纤维对苯酚的动态吸附容量为256 mg/g随着活性炭纤维用量的增加,处理水稳定时间延长;苯酚浓度越高,穿透时间越短;过柱流速越大,穿透时间越短;吸附饱和后的活性炭纤维再生后,吸附容量几乎不变.     

活性炭纤维处理含酚废水的研究

采用活性炭纤维处理苯酚模拟废水,通过静态和动态吸附研究,测定了吸附等温线动态穿透曲线,并研究了pH、吸附平衡时间对处理效果的影响。结果表明,活性炭纤维对苯酚的吸附容量为275.1mg/g,吸附速率愉,溶液pH＞8时,吸附效率下降;吸附时间存在最佳值。吸附饱和活性炭纤维用10%的氢氧化的钠溶液再生,重复使用3次,吸附效率无明显变化。     

活性炭纤维吸附填充床突破曲线预测(Ⅱ)实验及模型的验证

实验测定了活性炭纤维填充床吸附水中微量铅离子的突破曲线和吸附等温平衡数据,研究了活性炭纤维填充床的吸附性能。应用活性炭纤维吸附填充床突破曲线的精确解和两种近似解对实验数据进行了模拟。结果表明,本实验条件下理论计算值与实验数据均吻合较好;简单、计算速度快的拟对数概率密度函数近似解适用于模拟活性炭纤维填充床突破曲线;由突破曲线实验数据可方便准确地估算平衡常数;活性炭纤维吸附填充床内轴向弥散对突破曲线有较大影响,是不可忽略的因素。     

活性炭纤维吸附法脱除废水中对氯苯酚及吸附剂的再生

采用活性炭纤维 (ACF)处理对氯苯酚 (PCP)模拟废水 ,通过静态和动态吸附研究 ,测定了吸附等温平衡线、动态突破曲线 ,并研究了ACF对PCP的吸附速率。结果表明 ,ACF对PCP的吸附容量较大 ,吸附平衡关系服从Langmuir型吸附等温线 ;吸附速率快 ;吸附达饱和的ACF用NaOH溶液再生 ,解吸速率很快 ,再生后吸附容量基本不变     

活性炭对甲苯的吸附及其等温线预测

以微波椰壳活性炭和微波再生后的活性炭吸附甲苯.测定了在20,30和40℃条件下甲苯在活性炭上的吸附等温线,采用Langmuir方程对实验数据进行拟合.结果表明,在30℃下椰壳活性炭和再生活性炭吸附甲苯的理论饱和吸附量分别为0.323 和0.273 g/g;采用Polanyi吸附势理论预测了苯在活性炭上的吸附等温线,其中...     

活性炭纤维处理含氰废水的研究

本文采用活性炭纤维处理含氰废水,同时利用NaOH再生吸附饱和的活性炭纤维,以达到资源回收利用的目的.通过静态吸附研究,测定了吸附等温线,并且研究了pH值、吸附平衡时间对处理效果的影响.结果表明,活性炭纤维对CN-的吸附容量为2.2~3.6mg·g-1,吸附平衡关系服从Langmuir型吸附等温线;溶液pH值在6~10范围内,吸附效率较好;吸附平衡时间存在最佳值,最佳吸附时间为6h.吸附饱和的活性炭纤维用10%的NaOH溶液再生,重复使用3次,吸附效率无明显变化.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.