钛合金胶接点焊与电阻点焊接头性能对比分析

分别对1.5 mm厚的钛合金板进行胶接点焊和电阻点焊连接,获得了不同焊接电流下的胶接点焊和电阻点焊接头,从熔核的C扫描图像、接头的失效载荷和断口形貌等方面,对比分析了胶接点焊和电阻点焊的接头强度及失效样貌. 结果表明,通过观察A扫描信号的变化与C扫描图像的特征,能够很好的划分接头的热影响区、熔合区、熔核区以及检测出接头的熔核直径和焊接缺陷. 随着焊接电流(7.0～10.0 kA)的逐渐增大,接头熔核直径及失效载荷呈递增趋势;当焊接条件相同时,胶接点焊接头的熔核直径普遍大于电阻点焊接头,但接头的强度相当. 当电流在7.0～8.5 kA时,接头强度不足,熔核区的断口处出现大小不等的韧窝,呈现出韧性断裂特征;当电流为10.0 kA时,接头强度较高,主要呈现出韧性断裂与准解理断裂特征.     

新型电阻塞焊连接方法分析

使用一种新型的"电阻塞焊"连接方法焊接7075铝合金搭接接头. "电阻塞焊"的工艺过程是先在两板材搭接部分的中心位置打一个孔,将圆柱填充物压入,最后用电阻点焊的方法将填充物与板材焊在一起.该工艺方法旨在保持点焊原有优点的同时,提高其强度等接头性能.研究分析了该新方法的工艺、形核过程、力学性能以及微观组织,并对比研究了同参数下电阻点焊试件的接头性能.结果表明,采用新型电阻塞焊方法的接头在强度等力学性能方面优于同参数下的电阻点焊试件,同时焊点处的裂纹等缺陷也较少,接头的综合性能更为优良.     

An experimental study on effects of post-heating parameters on resistance spot welding of SAPH440 steel

Abstract

The fracture mode of spot welded joints, made of SAPH440 steel sheets, is investigated. It was found that the weldment failure in the peel test of the joints occurred through the weld nugget. This is called an interfacial failure and is not acceptable because it is a sign of insufficient mechanical strength. Investigation showed that this kind of fracture is attributed to the brittleness of the nugget zone, caused by its martensitic microstructure due to the high cooling rate in the welding. For eliminating this defect, resistance spot welding procedures were augmented with post-heating stage. This approach is intended to reduce the cooling rate after welding and also to temper the weld nugget, generating a more ductile microstructure in the weld zone. The results of this research can be used for planning spot welding process and provides a guideline for analysing the results of hardness and peel test.     

铝钢点焊铆接复合连接技术

提出了一种点焊与铆接复合进行铝钢连接的技术,即在待焊试样区域预制工艺孔,将铆钉铆入孔中,利用铆接力实现试样的预连接.然后使用点焊机在铆接位置进行点焊,实现铆接与点焊的复合连接,称为"点铆焊".文中分析了该方法的力学性能、微观组织、断裂模式,并同纯点焊与纯铆接进行了比较.结果表明,点铆焊的抗拉强度比纯点焊提高了23.8%,比纯铆接提高了28.7%,失效前吸收功比纯点焊提高211%,比纯铆接提高67%.虽然在点铆焊过程中也会产生脆性金属间化合物,但这些区域并不是主要的承载部位,点铆焊为塑性断裂模式.     

铝合金激光双光点焊接工艺特性

对铝合金薄板激光单光点和双光点焊接(包括不填丝和填丝)的焊缝成形、对接间隙和准直度容许裕度以及气孔状况进行了比较,并分析了双光点能量分布的激光对铝合金焊接的影响.结果表明,与激光单光点焊接相比,激光双光点焊接铝合金所得焊缝表面质量更好,焊缝熔宽更大,对接间隙和准直度容许裕度明显放宽.激光双光点焊接铝合金可以显著减少焊缝中大气孔的数量,但对焊缝中小气孔数量的影响不明显.此外,填加焊丝可以进一步改善焊缝表面质量并放宽对接间隙和准直度容许裕度,但将增大焊缝产生大气孔的倾向,采用激光双光点焊接仍可使焊缝中大气孔的数量明显减少.     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊-交叉点焊工艺

在铝合金传统搅拌摩擦点焊的基础上,以提高点焊接头力学性能为目标,提出"搅拌摩擦焊-交叉点焊"技术.其基本工艺原理是,搅拌头沿交叉轨迹做极短距离的往复式搅拌摩擦焊,以实现高性能的点焊连接.对4mm板厚5A02-H14铝合金进行"搅拌摩擦焊-交叉点焊"试验及分析.结果表明,该工艺可大大拓宽点焊接头的连接面积,并显著降低搭接界面畸变和匙孔处材料缺失的不利影响,与传统搅拌摩擦点焊相比,该工艺能够显著提高铝合金点焊接头的抗剪切性能.     

变电极力对管板单面电阻点焊质量的影响

根据管板单面电阻点焊结构特点,建立了采用伺服焊枪的管板单面电阻点焊试验系统.针对管板焊接过程中变形大、形成环形熔核质量不可靠等问题,提出了基于改变焊接过程中电极力来提高焊点质量的方法,并研究变电极力对管板焊焊点强度及焊接变形影响的规律.结果表明,通电阶段熔核生成初期减小电极力,可明显提高焊点拉剪强度,减小焊接变形;冷却阶段减小电极力对焊点质量也有所提高,但影响较小.研究结果对管板焊接工艺参数的制定及单面电阻点焊在车身焊装中广泛安全的应用具有重要意义.     

汽车用DP800双相钢点焊工艺窗口和接头性能

开展2.0 mm厚DP800双相钢的电阻点焊试验,测试DP800双相钢点焊工艺窗口,研究焊接电流、焊接时间、电极压力对焊点拉剪力的影响规律,并观察接头不同区域的微观组织。结果表明,DP800高强钢焊接性较好,点焊工艺窗口满足工业应用要求;随着焊接电流和焊接时间的增加,焊点直径和拉剪力先增加后趋于平稳;随着电极压力的增加,点焊直径和拉剪力先增加后减小;焊点热影响晶粒细小,由马氏体组织构成;焊核为典型的柱状晶,显微组织为马氏体和少量的贝氏体。     

Weld growth mechanisms during resistance spot welding of two and three thickness lap joints

Abstract

Understanding the mechanisms of weld growth during resistance spot welding is a prerequisite for the development of optimum welding conditions which ensure high levels of joint quality in autobody manufacture. This study compared the heat development/weld growth of double and triple sheet lap joints as a means of understanding the role of welding conditions, sheet thickness configuration, and physical material properties on joint microstructure and performance. High temperature heat patterns have been determined using metallographic and thermographic techniques for double and triple sheet lap joints in uncoated low carbon steel. In the case of double sheet joints, initial heat generation and weld nugget formation was observed to occur where the resistance to the flow of current was the greatest, i.e. at the sheet/sheet interface. This was also the case for heat generation in triple sheet joints, but in this more complex case weld nugget formation was dependent on sheet thickness and joint configuration. Furthermore, the incubation period to weld nugget formation was dependent on total joint thickness with a longer weld time required for joints of greater thickness. For non-uniform triple sheet joints, heating was observed to be concentrated around the thinnest sheet as a result of the way heat was dissipated by the steel substrate.     

Resistance spot welding of steel and aluminium sheet using insert metal sheet

Abstract

The present paper reports the resistance spot welding of steel and aluminium sheets using aluminium clad steel sheets as insert metals. Intermetallic compound layers were formed in the weld zones in direct spot welding of steel sheets to aluminium sheets. Thus, the strength of these joints was lower than that of aluminium to aluminium joints. Intermetallic compound layers were also formed at the steel/aluminium interfaces of the insert metal in welding of steel to aluminium using an insert metal sheet. However, the strength of these joints was of the same order as that of the aluminium joints. The fracture mode of these joints varied with the welding current. The suitable welding current for steel to aluminium joints varied between the values suitable for steel to steel and aluminium to aluminium joints. The fatigue strength of joints using insert metals was somewhat lower than that of the aluminium joints.